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All Journal Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry KATALIS: Jurnal Penelitian Kimia dan Pendidikan Kimia
Dian Wardana
Universitas Negeri Medan
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Education Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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PENGEMBANGAN LKPD SIFAT KOLIGATIF LARUTAN BERBASIS PBL UNTUK MENGUKUR KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS PESERTA DIDIK Jaman Fahmi; Budiman Anwar; Wulan Dwi Safitri; Dwi Sapri Ramadhan; Dian Wardana; Dimas Ridho; Ekin Dwi Arif Kurniawan; Ahmad Fauzi Syahputra Yani
KATALIS: Jurnal Penelitian Kimia dan Pendidikan Kimia Vol 9 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Katalis Volume 9 Nomor 1 Tahun 2026
Publisher : Universitas Samudra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33059/katalis.v9i1.13597

Abstract

This study aims to develop a PBL (Problem-Based Learning) based Student Worksheet (LKPD) on the topic of colligative properties of solutions that are valid, reliable, and feasible to be used as an instrument for assessing students’ critical thinking skills. This research employed a Type 1 Design and Development Research (DDR) model consisting of the stages of Analysis, Design, Development, Try-out, and Evaluation, although its implementation was limited to the Try-out stage. The study involved validators comprising university lecturers and chemistry teachers, as well as 106 twelfth-grade science students from MAN 2 Model Medan selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using semi-structured interview guidelines and assessment questionnaires and subsequently analyzed using the Content Validity Ratio (CVR), Content Validity Index (CVI), item validity tests, reliability analysis, item difficulty index, discrimination index, normality, and homogeneity tests. The findings indicate that out of 16 initial items, 11 essay items were found to be valid (Pearson Corelation > 0,3) and reliable with internal reliability coefficients categorized as good (Cronbach’s Alpha > 0.7). The difficulty indices of the items ranged from difficult to easy, with discrimination indices categorized as moderate to very good. Therefore, the developed PBL-based LKPD is deemed feasible for use in measuring students’ critical thinking skills in the context of colligative properties of solutions.
GC-MS Profiling and In Silico Antibacterial Activity of Strobilanthes tonkinensis Lindau Leaf Extracts via Maceration and Soxhlet Methods Dwi Sapri Ramadhan; Dian Wardana; Hestia Hairima; Tita Juwitaningsih; Rosa Nadya Evelyn Sitorus; Vina Octavia Azzahra; Ilham Sinuraya
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.1575-1594

Abstract

Strobilanthes tonkinensis Lindau (Acanthaceae; locally known as daun paris) is an aromatic medicinal herb of Southeast Asian origin whose extraction-method-dependent secondary metabolite composition and antibacterial potential against defined molecular targets have not been systematically characterized. This study profiled the GC-MS-detectable metabolome of four leaf extracts obtained by ethanol maceration of fresh (3×24 h) and dried leaves (3×24 h), ethanol Soxhlet (13 cycles, 6.5 h), and n-hexane Soxhlet (25 cycles, 10 h) extraction of dried leaves, identifying 19, 27, 12, and 7 compounds, respectively. Extraction method and solvent polarity strongly governed compound class distribution: fresh ethanol maceration was dominated by 2-propionyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridine (33.21%) and cis-vaccenic acid (14.63%), while n-hexane Soxhlet selectively enriched stigmasterol to 67.95% of total peak area approximately 19-fold higher than ethanol maceration (3.61%). Five representative metabolites, stigmasterol, phytol, lupeol, squalene, and 2-propionyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridine were subjected to molecular docking against FtsA (PDB: 3WT0), OmpF (PDB: 4KR4), and DNA gyrase B (PDB: 6KZV), with ADMET profiling performed via SwissADME and ProTox 3.0. Lupeol (-8.0 kcal/mol) and stigmasterol (-7.7 kcal/mol) surpassed the native OmpF ligand binding affinity and demonstrated strong interaction with DNA gyrase B, supporting multi-target antibacterial potential. Squalene showed preferential affinity for FtsA (-7.1 kcal/mol). Among the candidates, 2-propionyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridine was the sole Lipinski-compliant compound with high predicted oral absorption, all five metabolites displayed no predicted hepatotoxicity or carcinogenicity. These findings identify lupeol and stigmasterol as priority antibacterial leads from S. tonkinensis and establish n-hexane Soxhlet extraction as an effective strategy for targeted phytosterol enrichment from this species.
Co-Authors Ahmad Fauzi Syahputra Yani Budiman Anwar Dimas Ridho Dwi Sapri Ramadhan Fahmi, Jam’an Hestia Hairima Ilham Sinuraya Kurniawan, Ekin Dwi Arif Rosa Nadya Evelyn Sitorus Tita Juwitaningsih Vina Octavia Azzahra Wulan Dwi Safitri