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All Journal Refleksi: Jurnal Kajian Agama dan Filsafat IJOIS: Indonesian Journal of Islamic Studies
Sidiq Hartono
Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara
Religion Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Tarekat as Moral Formation: Reframing Religious Moderation through Moral Theology in North Sumatra Abrar M. Dawud Faza; Intan Kumalasari; Sidiq Hartono
Refleksi: Jurnal Kajian Agama dan Filsafat Vol. 25 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University, Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/refleksi.v25.i1.51711

Abstract

This study critically examines the role of Tarekat (Ṣūfī orders) in fostering religious moderation within the socio-cultural plurality of North Sumatera. Employing a qualitative approach grounded in in-depth interviews, the research explores how spiritual teachings and embodied practices of the Tarekat shape moral dispositions that encourage tolerance, social harmony, and inclusive coexistence. Unlike previous sociological studies on Tarekat that primarily emphasize their social and cultural functions, this article examines Tarekat as a process of moral formation that generates communal virtues supportive of religious moderation. The findings demonstrate that core spiritual principles such as self-purification (tazkiyat al-nafs), disciplined self-control, and sustained attentiveness to God function as ethical resources that mitigate tendencies toward religious extremism among adherents. Beyond individual moral formation, tarekat communities actively engage in interreligious dialogue, mediate religious tensions, and promote inclusive participation in broader social life. From the perspective of moral theology, these practices illustrate how spiritually grounded ethical formation can contribute to the cultivation of communal virtues necessary for pluralistic societies. The study argues that Tarekat not only serve as loci of spiritual devotion but also operate as morally significant agents of religious moderation, offering a constructive model for sustaining social harmony in contexts marked by religious and cultural diversity.
A Preventive Security Framework in Hadith: Exploring Mitigation and Tracing Sidiq Hartono; Muhammad Habibi Siregar
IJoIS: Indonesian Journal of Islamic Studies Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Islamic Studies
Publisher : Civiliza Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59525/ijois.1692

Abstract

This study examines the concepts of mitigation and tracing in the Prophetic traditions (hadith) and analyzes their contribution to social security and self-defense systems. The research is motivated by the tendency of previous studies to focus primarily on hadith as a legal basis for self-defense and the use of force, while paying limited attention to their preventive and early-detection dimensions. Employing a qualitative library-based approach, this study utilizes a normative-theological perspective and thematic (mawdhu’i) hadith analysis. Primary data were drawn from relevant traditions contained in the Six Canonical Collections (Kutub al-Sittah) concerning the protection of life, property, and honor. The data were analyzed as well as contextual and intertextual analysis. The findings reveal that the hadith corpus embodies the principle of tracing as a mechanism for identifying, verifying, and detecting potential threats at an early stage, while mitigation functions as a strategy for reducing risks through the protection of life, property, and personal dignity. These findings indicate that self-defense in hadith is not merely a reactive response to an ongoing attack but constitutes an integral component of a broader preventive security framework that prioritizes risk prevention over punitive action.
Co-Authors Abrar M. Dawud Faza Intan Kumalasari Muhammad Habibi Siregar