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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Annisa Maulidia Damayanti
Politeknik Negeri Banjarmasin

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Grasshopper sound acoustic signal analysis using FFT and Butterworth filter Khairunnisa Khairunnisa; Sarifudin Sarifudin; Annisa Maulidia Damayanti
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 42, No 3: June 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v42.i3.pp708-720

Abstract

Grasshoppers are among the most destructive agricultural pests, making early detection essential to reduce crop losses while limiting excessive pesticide use. Acoustic monitoring provides a non-invasive and environmentally friendly approach for pest detection; however, its effectiveness is often constrained by strong environmental noise in open field conditions. This study proposes a structured acoustic signal analysis framework for grasshopper detection based on fast fourier transform (FFT) and Butterworth bandpass filtering. Grasshopper sound recordings were collected in rice field environments and pre-processed using Butterworth filters with empirically determined cutoff frequencies to suppress out-of band noise. FFT was applied to extract dominant spectral features, and signal quality was evaluated using both direct signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and power spectral density (PSD)-based SNR estimated via the Welch method. Results indicate that grasshopper acoustic energy is consistently concentrated within the frequency range of approximately 5.8–9 kHz. Although direct time-domain SNR slightly decreases after filtering due to attenuation of out-of-band components, PSD-based SNR improves significantly, reaching 25–28 dB, demonstrating effective spectral concentration and noise suppression. The proposed approach is computationally efficient, interpretable, and suitable as a foundational module for low-cost, real-time acoustic pest detection systems in precision agriculture.
Co-Authors Khairunnisa Khairunnisa Sarifudin Sarifudin