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Effect of Andrographis paniculata on Blood Sugar Levels Through Regulation of Alpha-Glucosidase Enzyme Expression: An In Vivo Study Rachmat Hidayat; Patricia Wulandari
Eureka Herba Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 1 (2022): Eureka Herba Indonesia
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/ehi.v3i1.56

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease characterized by an increase in blood glucose levels caused by insulin deficiency, either absolute or relative. The α-glucosidase enzyme functions to accelerate the absorption of glucose by the small intestine by catalyzing the hydrolytic cleavage of oligosaccharides into monosaccharides. This study aims to explore the potential of AP extract in regulating blood sugar levels through inhibition of α-glucosidase activity in the intestine. This study is an in vivo experimental study. A total of 30 \ rats were divided into a control group and treated with Andrographis paniculata. Examination of blood sugar levels was carried out by spectrophotometry and examination of alpha-glucosidase enzymes by ELISA. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software with univariate and bivariate analysis. Andrographis paniculata extract was able to reduce blood sugar levels and was able to decrease the activity of the alpha-glucosidase enzyme as the dose increased. Andrographis paniculata extract is able to reduce blood sugar levels by inhibiting the activity of the alpha-glucosidase enzyme in the intestine.

Bioethical Principles of Use of Experimental Animals in Biomedical Research Rachmat Hidayat; Patricia Wulandari
Biomedical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 1 (2021): Vol 7, No 1, 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32539/bji.v7i1.267

Research is an activity carried out based on scientific principles and methods systematically to obtain information, data, and information from related subjects, with understanding the theory and proving assumptions and / or hypotheses. The resultsobtained are conclusions that can be applied or become additional knowledge for the advancement of science. However, research activities must still respect the rights and dignity of research subjects. Health research includes biomedical, epidemiological, social, and behavioral research. Some health research can be done in vitro, using mathematical models, or computer simulations.

Anatomy and Physiology of Animal Model Rats in Biomedical Research Rachmat Hidayat; Patricia Wulandari
Biomedical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 2 (2021): Vol 7, No 2, 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32539/bji.v7i2.287

A distinguishing feature of rodents, including rats, is the absence of canines and the presence of prominent incisors. Rats are monophydontic, meaning they grow one set of teeth in their lifetime. The enamel of the rodent incisor contains iron, which gives it its yellow-orange color. Rats are mammals and as such, possess many similarities with other mammals. Only the peculiarities of the rat’s anatomy are addressed. Male rats reach puberty at 40 - 60 days of age. Descent of the testes usually occurs between days 30 - 60. Sperm counts vary by strain. The male rat has an os penis. Male rats have the following accessory sexual organs: ampulla, seminal vesicles, prostate, bulbourethral glands, coagulating glands, and preputial glands. The coagulating gland and prostatic and vesicular secretions are responsible for the copulation plug, a firm plug deposited in the vagina of the female after copulation. (This plug, when found outside the female rat, is capsuleshaped and approximately 5 mm long.) The male rat has no nipples. The adult male rat has a prominent scrotum and a longer anogenital distance than the female rat.

Efficacy of Exosome Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (ACSs-Exosome) on Skin Flaps Transplantation in Plastic Surgery: A Systematic Literature Review Rachmat Hidayat; Patricia Wulandari
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 6 No. 11 (2022): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v6i11.614

Background: Exosomes are a small subset of extracellular vesicles with a size of about 50 nm – 200 nm, which are found in many body fluids. The exosome is rich in various proteins and is a cargo that carries out the process of transporting and transporting between cells in the context of cell communication. This becomes a potential new therapeutic modality in triggering the modulation and activity of target cells so that ACSs-Exosome becomes a new potential to modulate skin flap transplantation repair in plastic surgery. Methods: The literature search process was carried out in various databases (PubMed, Web of Sciences, EMBASE, Cochrane Libraries, and Google Scholar) regarding the use of ASCs-exosome in skin flap transplantation repair in plastic surgery cases. Results: A total of 5 studies were included in this systematic review. In general, ASCs-exosome administration was more effective in the percentage of flap survival area than in the placebo group. There are 3 studies that state that the effectiveness of flap area survival is more than 70 percent compared to the placebo group, which is only in the range of 30-40 percent. Conclusion: ASCs-exosome has the potential to be developed to improve the survival rate of skin flap transplantation in the case of plastic surgery.

Efficacy of Exosome Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (ACSs-Exosome) on Skin Flaps Transplantation in Plastic Surgery: A Systematic Literature Review Rachmat Hidayat; Patricia Wulandari
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 6 No. 11 (2022): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v6i11.614

Background: Exosomes are a small subset of extracellular vesicles with a size of about 50 nm – 200 nm, which are found in many body fluids. The exosome is rich in various proteins and is a cargo that carries out the process of transporting and transporting between cells in the context of cell communication. This becomes a potential new therapeutic modality in triggering the modulation and activity of target cells so that ACSs-Exosome becomes a new potential to modulate skin flap transplantation repair in plastic surgery. Methods: The literature search process was carried out in various databases (PubMed, Web of Sciences, EMBASE, Cochrane Libraries, and Google Scholar) regarding the use of ASCs-exosome in skin flap transplantation repair in plastic surgery cases. Results: A total of 5 studies were included in this systematic review. In general, ASCs-exosome administration was more effective in the percentage of flap survival area than in the placebo group. There are 3 studies that state that the effectiveness of flap area survival is more than 70 percent compared to the placebo group, which is only in the range of 30-40 percent. Conclusion: ASCs-exosome has the potential to be developed to improve the survival rate of skin flap transplantation in the case of plastic surgery.

Activated Platelet Rich Plasma as a New Treatment Modality for Cataract Disorders: In Vivo Study Rachmat Hidayat; Patricia Wulandari
Sriwijaya Journal of Ophthalmology Vol. 5 No. 2 (2022): Sriwijaya Journal of Ophthalmology
Publisher : Department of Opthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/sjo.v6i2.86

Introduction: Cataract is the main cause of visual impairment and vision loss in the world, where 33% of the world's population has decreased vision due to cataracts. This study aims to explore the role of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in inhibiting the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1ß, thereby triggering tissue repair in cataract cases in vivo study. Methods: This study is an experimental study with a post-test-only approach with a control group design. A total of 30 rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strain was included in this study (male, 150-200 g, 8-10 weeks). The rats were divided into 3 groups, P1 (the group that was not induced by cataract and not treated with platelet-rich plasma), P2 (the group that was induced by cataract and given 10 uL of intraocular saline injection), and P3 (the group that was induced by cataract and given an intraocular injection of platelet-rich plasma). Plasma 10 uL). Results: The results showed that the P3 group that received platelet-rich plasma treatment showed a significant decrease in IL-1B levels when compared to the P2 group with cataract induced but without PRP administration (p<0.05). Conclusion: Activated platelet-rich plasma has potential as a new therapeutic modality in cataract conditions through inhibition of chronic inflammatory response in vivo studies.

Potency of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) and Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) in Handling Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Rachmat Hidayat; Patricia Wulandari
Eureka Herba Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): Eureka Herba Indonesia
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/ehi.v3i2.57

One of the efforts to prevent COVID-19 that can be done is to increase individual immunity. The effort that can be made is to use herbal ingredients as health drinks. Curcuma longa L., or turmeric, has long been known as one of the ingredients used to treat several complaints. Turmeric has a chemical content of carbohydrates (69.4%), curcuminoids, and essential oils (5.8%). Turmeric and curcumin are non-mutagenic, and no reproductive toxicity has been observed. Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb, also known as temulawak, contains curcuminoids (1-2%) and essential oils with xanthorrhizol components (31.9%), ß-curcumene (17.1%), arcurcumene (13.2%), camphor (5.4%), γ-curcumene (2.6%), (Z)-γ-bisabolene (2.6%), and (E)-ß-farnesene (1.2%). Empirically, temulawak has been used for generations in Indonesia to treat various digestive disorders, skin complaints, liver and bile disorders.

Potential of Meniran (Phyllanthus niruri L.) and Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) as a Supplement to the Management of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Rachmat Hidayat; Patricia Wulandari
Eureka Herba Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): Eureka Herba Indonesia
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/ehi.v3i2.58

COVID-19 infection with moderate or severe symptoms can cause pneumonia with an opaque appearance that can be detected on a chest CT scan, pulmonary edema, and accumulation of pleural fluid in the lungs. The use of herbs as health drinks is thought to play a role in increasing the body's immunity. Meniran plant (Phyllantus niruri) contains tannins and flavonoids, which are efficacious as immunomodulators. Meanwhile, sambiloto also contains chemical compounds of alkaloids, carbohydrates, resins, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, glycosides, and tannins. Meniran and sambiloto herbs have the potential to increase the system potential to be developed as a supplement to treat COVID-19.

The Herbal Potential of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) and Guava (Psidium guajava L.) as Supplements for the Management of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Rachmat Hidayat; Patricia Wulandari
Eureka Herba Indonesia Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): Eureka Herba Indonesia
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/ehi.v4i1.59

Increasing the body's immunity is one of the efforts to prevent infection with COVID-19. This literature review aims to describe the potential of ginger (Zingiber officinale roscoe) and guava (Psidium guajava L.) as supplements for the management of COVID-19. Grated ginger (Zingiber officinale roscoe) is used as a topical medication to treat swelling, rheumatism, and headaches. In vivo tests in rats that were immunosuppressed using cyclophosphamide showed that ginger essential oil given once a day orally for a week could increase the humoral immune response. Meanwhile, guava has high levels of polyphenols such as myricetin and apigenin compounds, ellagic acid, and anthocyanins. The high vitamin C content in guava contributes to immune defense by supporting various cellular functions of both the innate and adaptive immune systems.

Potential of Activated Platelet-Rich Plasma Against Osteoarthritis: In Vivo Study Rachmat Hidayat; Patricia Wulandari
Journal of Anesthesiology and Clinical Research Vol. 3 No. 1 (2022): Journal of Anesthesiology and Clinical Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/jacr.v3i1.241

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disorder that causes a decrease in the quality of life in elderly patients. The current treatment is only symptomatic in reducing inflammation. This study is one of the exploratory studies to examine the potential of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in optimizing the improvement of OA patients through the inhibition of inflammatory signals in joint tissue in vivo. Methods: This study is an experimental study with a post-test-only approach with a control group design. A total of 30 rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strain was included in this study and met the inclusion criteria in the form of the male gender, weight between 150-200 grams, and age 8-10 weeks. The rats were divided into 3 groups, namely the group that was not induced by OA and not given PRP (P1), the OA group and given 50 uL saline injection (P2), the OA group and given PRP 50 uL (P3), the treatment was carried out once a week for 4 weeks. Results: The results showed that the P3 group that was treated with platelet-rich plasma showed a significant decrease in interleukin-1ß levels when compared to the P2 group that was induced by OA but was only treated with saline (p<0.05). Conclusion: Platelet-rich plasma has the potential as a biological agent against osteoarthritis in an in vivo study.

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