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Sinergi Tanggul: Bendungan Drainase Serta Pengolahan Lahan Untuk Pengurangan Resiko Bencana Hidrometeorologi di Sumatera Utara Rachels Raegini; Sri Hartati Eka Masputri; Ahmad Fauzi Nur Ikhsan; Yusuf Aulia Lubis; Masriani Endayanti
Impression : Jurnal Teknologi dan Informasi Vol. 4 No. 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Lembaga Riset Ilmiah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59086/jti.v4i3.1392

Abstract

Bencana hidrometeologi, khususnya banjir, merupakan ancaman serius di Indonesia, termasuk Sumatera Utara, yang disebabkan oleh curah hujan ekstrem, deforestasi, urbanisasi dan sistem drainase yang tidak memadai. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas sinergi infrastruktur mitigasi banjir, yaitu bendungan, tanggul dan drainase dalam mengurangi resiko bencana di wilayah rawan seperti Medan dan Kabupaten Deli Serdang. Metode penelitian mengunakan data seknder dari Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi dan Geofisika (BMKG), Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana (BNPB), serta Dinas Pekerjaan Umum dan Pewrumahan Rakyat (PUPR) Sumatera Utara, yang meliputi deskripsi enam bendungan (dengan kapasitas penyimpangan hingga 50 juta m³) dan enam tanggul (dengan panjang 25 km). Simulasi menggunakan ArcGIS dan HEC-RAS membandingkan skenario baseline tanpa intervensi dengan skenario sinergi penuh. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sinergi infrastruktur dapat mengurangi debit puncak banjir 40% (dari 1.200 m³/detik menjadi 720 m³/detik), area genangan dari 500 km² menjadi 300 km² dan indeks kerentanan dari 0,8 menjadi 0,5. Pendekatan holistik ini terbukti efektif dalam pengelolaan resiko bencana, dengan rekomendasi alokasi 20% APBD untuk pemeliharaan infrastruktur. Namun, keterbaasan penelitian terletak pada cakupan wilayah yang terbatas, sehingga hasil tidak dapat digeneralisasikan untuk seluruh Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya integritasi infrastruktur dan konservasi lahan untuk mitigasi banjir hidrometeorologi.   Hydrometeorological disasters, particularly floods, pose a serious threat in Indonesia, including North Sumatra, caused by extreme rainfall, deforestation, urbanization, and inadequate drainage systems. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of synergy between flood mitigation infrastructure, namely dams, embankments, and drainage systems, in reducing disaster risks in vulnerable areas such as Medan and Deli Serdang Regency. The research method uses secondary data from the Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency (BMKG), the National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB), and the Public Works and Public Housing Agency (PUPR) of North Sumatra, which includes descriptions of six dams (with a storage capacity of up to 50 million m³) and six embankments (with a length of 25 km). Simulations using ArcGIS and HEC-RAS compare a baseline scenario without intervention with a full synergy scenario. The results show that infrastructure synergy can reduce peak flood discharge by 40% (from 1,200 m³/s to 720 m³/s), inundation area from 500 km² to 300 km² and vulnerability index from 0.8 to 0.5. This holistic approach has proven effective in disaster risk management, with a recommendation to allocate 20% of the regional budget (APBD) for infrastructure maintenance. However, the study's limitations lie in its limited coverage area, so the results cannot be generalized to the entire North Sumatra Province. This study emphasizes the importance of infrastructure integrity and land conservation for hydrometeorological flood mitigation.
Flood Inundation Mapping in Medan Maimun, Medan City Using HEC-RAS 2D and the Nakayasu Synthetic Unit Hydrograph Sarra Rahmadani; Dewi Fitria Marlisa; Rumilla Harahap; Siti Zulfa Yuzni; Nanda Savira Ersa; Cut Meuthia Rani; Al Fatahillah; Muh. Ilham Anggamulia; Yusuf Aulia Lubis; Anni Zahara Putri; Wisnu Prayogo
International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability
Publisher : CV FOUNDAE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58524/ijhes.v5i2.1328

Abstract

Flood inundation mapping is a critical tool for urban flood risk assessment in tropical cities. This study investigates flood inundation extent in Medan Maimun Sub-district, Medan City, one of the most flood-prone areas in North Sumatra, Indonesia, where flood depths of approximately 3 meters were reported in February 2022 and December 2023. The study aims to: (1) determine design rainfall through frequency analysis and calculate design flood discharge for return periods of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 years using the Nakayasu Synthetic Unit Hydrograph (SUH Nakayasu) method; (2) simulate flood routing using two-dimensional hydraulic modeling; and (3) map the resulting flood inundation extent for each return period. Rainfall frequency analysis used annual maximum rainfall data from two stations for the period 2014–2023, with the Log Pearson III method selected based on Chi-Square goodness-of-fit testing. Design flood discharges ranged from 383.403 m³/s at the 2-year return period to 555.149 m³/s at the 100-year return period. Flood routing and inundation mapping were performed using HEC-RAS version 5.0.7 integrated with RAS Mapper. Total inundation area increased from 110.982 ha at the 2-year return period to 126.581 ha at the 100-year return period, covering approximately 41.6% of the sub-district area at the 100-year return period. The model was not formally calibrated or validated against observed flood data; results should be interpreted as indicative of relative flood risk patterns rather than precise predictions. The flood inundation maps produced provide a useful scientific basis for flood mitigation planning in Medan city, Indonesia.