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All Journal Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
OTTO SAHAT MARTUA SILAEN
Doctoral Program in Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia. Jl. Salemba Raya No. 6 Senen, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Profile of Multidrug Resistance and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from cats in Surabaya, Indonesia DANIAH ASHRI AFNANI; NURULLAH FATIH; MUSTOFA HELMI EFFENDI; WIWIEK TYASNINGSIH; ASWIN RAFIF KHAIRULLAH; SHENDY CANADYA KURNIAWAN; OTTO SAHAT MARTUA SILAEN; SANCAKA CHASYER RAMANDINIANTO; AGUS WIDODO; KATTY HENDRIANA PRISCILIA RIWU
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 11 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231121

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Abstract. Afnani DA, Fatih N, Effendi MH, Tyasningsih W, Kairullah AR, Kurniawan SC, Silaen OSM, Ramandianto SC, Widodo A, Hendriana K, Riwu KHP. 2022. Profile of Multidrug Resistance and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from cats in Surabaya, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 5703-5709. Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is the name given to Staphylococcus aureus that has multidrug-resistance (MDR) characteristics and is resistant to ?-lactam drugs. Compared to other livestock, companion animals have been mentioned as potential MRSA reservoirs more frequently. This study aimed to identify MDR and detects MRSA strains from cats in Surabaya. A total of 150 nasal swab of cats were taken from several clinics and veterinary hospital. Samples were swabbed using Amies Medium Transport then identified using microbiological standard method. Kirby-Bauer diffusion method was performed for S. aureus antibiotic resistance profile on five different antibiotic discs. As a confirmatory test for MRSA, S. aureus isolates that were resistant to cefoxitin continued to grow on Oxacillin Resistance Screening Agar Base (ORSAB). The findings of the isolation and identification and process revealed 18 (12%) S. aureus isolates. The antibiotic resistance test revealed 3 (2%) MDR S. aureus isolates and 4 (2.6%) MDR S. aureus isolates that were ORSAB positive. It has been discovered that there are MDR and MRSA S. aureus isolates. It could be used as an indicator of irrational usage of antibiotics and it explained that cats could be source of infection to public health.
Antimicrobial resistance characteristics of multidrug resistance and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli from several dairy farms in Probolinggo, Indonesia AGUS WIDODO; MIRNI LAMID; MUSTOFA HELMI EFFENDI; ASWIN RAFIF KHAILRULLAH; SHENDY CANADYA KURNIAWAN; OTTO SAHAT MARTUA SILAEN; KATTY HENDRIANA PRISCILIA RIWU; LITA RAKHMA YUSTINASARI; DANIAH ASHRI AFNANI; FIDI NUR AINI EKA PUJI DAMEANTI; SANCAKA CHASYER RAMANDINIANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240126

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Abstract. Widodo A, Lamid M, Effendi MH, Khairullah AR, Kurniawan SC, Silaen OSM, Riwu KHP, Yustinasari LR, Afnani DA, Dameanti FNAEP, Ramandinianto SC. 2022. Antimicrobial resistance characteristics of multidrug resistance and extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli from several dairy farms in Probolinggo, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 215-221. Escherichia coli bacteria initially reside in the digestive tract of humans and animals but are able to adapt to new environments that are different from their initial habitat. The pathogenicity of E. coli can occur when these bacteria grow more than normal limits, produce toxins, and are resistant to certain types of antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial resistance characteristics of MDR and ESBL-producing E. coli from several dairy farms in the Probolinggo district of East Java province, Indonesia. A total of 150 samples consisting of 109 milk and 41 environmental samples from 41 dairy farms were used for isolation. TSIA and IMViC biochemical tests were used to identify E. coli bacteria. Escherichia coli resistance profile was obtained through disc diffusion test on several antibiotics, namely tetracycline, streptomycin, trimethoprim, chloramphenicol and aztreonam. Escherichia coli that was resistant to 3 or more antibiotics was defined as MDR. The results of isolation and identification obtained 124 (82.6%) isolates characterizing E. coli bacteria. The antimicrobial susceptibility test of E. coli showed 9 (7.26%) MDR isolates and 2 (22.22%) ESBL isolates by double-disc synergy test (DDST). MDR E. coli was dominated by the pattern of antimicrobial drug resistance TE-S-W (tetracycline, streptomycin, trimethoprim) with a total of 8 (38.10%) isolates, followed by antimicrobial drug resistance pattern TE-S-W-ATM (tetracycline, streptomycin, trimethoprim, aztreonam) with one (4.76%) E. coli isolates. The pattern of antimicrobial drugs of ESBL E. coli showed in one (11.11%) sample of ESBL E. coli from a milk sample with the pattern of TE-S-W-ATM (tetracycline, streptomycin, trimethoprim, aztreonam) and one (11.11%) sample ESBL E. coli (AL 30) from the environmental sample with a pattern of TE-S-W pattern (tetracycline, streptomycin, trimethoprim). The discovery of MDR E. coli isolates and ESBL E. coli from milk and environmental samples at several dairy farms in Probolinggo district, East Java, Indonesia is a matter of concern and requires real action to reduce antibiotic resistance.
Detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and multidrug resistance isolated from cats in animal clinic at Sidoarjo District, East Java, Indonesia YUSAC KRISTANTO KHODA WARUWU; ASWIN RAFIF KHAIRULLAH; MUSTOFA HELMI EFFENDI; BAMBANG SEKTIARI LUKISWANTO; DANIAH ASHRI AFNANI; SHENDY CANADYA KURNIAWAN; OTTO SAHAT MARTUA SILAEN; KATTY HENDRIANA PRISCILIA RiwuRIWU; AGUS WIDODO; SANCAKA CHASYER RAMANDINIANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240114

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Abstract. Waruwu YKK, Khairullah AR, Effendi MH, Lukiswanto BS, Afnani DA, Kurniawan SC, Silaen OSM, Riwu KHP, Widodo A, Ramandinianto SC. 2023. Detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and multidrug resistance isolated from cats in animal clinic at Sidoarjo District, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 106-111. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is the name given to the strain of bacteria that is multidrug-resistant (MDR) and resistant to ?-lactam antibiotics. Comparatively to other livestock, companion animals have been highlighted more often as potential MRSA reservoirs. This study looked for MDR and cat-derived MRSA strains in Sidoarjo. One hundred cats with nasal swabs were accessed, along with the veterinary hospital and other clinics. Samples were collected using a sterile cotton swab and buffered peptone water as the transport medium, and then identified using a microbiological standard operating procedure. On five different antibiotic discs, the Kirby-Bauer diffusion method was used to determine the S. aureus antibiotic resistance profile. As a confirmatory test for MRSA, S. aureus isolates that were resistant to cefoxitin continued to grow on Oxacillin Resistance Screening Agar Base (ORSAB). Out of the seven MRSA isolates that were assumed to be MRSA, four of the seven MRSA isolates were confirmed to be MDR S. aureus. Humans and companion animals can both act as reservoirs for the recirculation of MRSA strains within the same household because cat nasal swabs resemble nosocomial MRSA and because both are more likely to get colonized than infected. It illustrated how cats might be a health risk to the public and acted as a cautionary tale about the inappropriate use of antibiotics.
Detection of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) in cow milk and hands of farmers in East Java, Indonesia ASWIN RAFIF KHAIRULLAH; SHENDY CANADYA KURNIAWAN; SRI AGUS SUDJARWO; MUSTOFA HELMI EFFENDI; DANIAH ASHRI AFNANI; OTTO SAHAT MARTUA SILAEN; GIOVANNI DWI SYAHNI PUTRA; KATTY HENDRIANA PRISCILIA RIWU; AGUS WIDODO; SANCAKA CHASYER RAMANDINIANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240174

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Abstract. Khairullah AR, Kurniawan SC, Sudjarwo SA, Effendi MH, Afnani DA, Silaen OSM, Putra GDS, Riwu KHP, Widodo A, Ramandinianto SC. 2023. Detection of multidrug-resistant  Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci in cow milk and hands of farmers in East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 658-664. Cow milk is a nutrient-dense food containing various nutrients, i.e., carbohydrates, fat, and protein. However, it can potentially spread several pathogenic bacteria, such as staphylococci. Staphylococci cause public health problems. Staphylococcal strains were divided into two groups based on coagulase characteristics, namely coagulase-positive and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS). Coagulase-positive was represented by Staphylococcus aureus. S. aureus and CoNS can become resistant to several antibiotics, known as multidrug resistance (MDR) bacteria. S. aureus and CoNS bacteria are known as causal agents in human infections. This study aims to identify the presence of multidrug resistance S. aureus and CoNS bacteria in several dairy farms in East Java, Indonesia. We collected 332 milk and 125 swab samples from the hand of farmers from several dairy farms in Probolinggo, Tulungagung, and Blitar of East Java, Indonesia. The collected S. aureus and CoNS were tested for antibiotic susceptibility using the disc diffusion method. The antibiotic used were cefoxitin, erythromycin, gentamicin, tetracycline, and oxacillin. The results of isolation and identification based on morphological and biochemical characteristics showed that out of 457 samples, 291 samples (63.68%) were positive for S. aureus, and 166 samples (36.32%) were positive for CoNs. There were 15 S. aureus isolates (5.15%) and 7 CoNS isolates (4.22%) confirmed as MDR; therefore, it is confirmed that S. aureus and CoNS resistance to various drugs was very high in the province of East Java. Intensive livestock systems, high livestock densities, and excessive use of antibiotics in modern dairy systems may predispose the developing growth of MDR S. aureus and CoNS infections. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate the presence of very high multidrug resistant S. aureus and CoNS in the East Java provinces. MDR bacteria can be prevented from spreading by improving biosecurity, hygiene in the milking process, and regular health care for animals and dairy workers.
Phenotypic detection strategies of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from cat nasal swab in Madiun city, Indonesia SAUMI KIREY MILLANNIA; ASWIN RAFIF KHAIRULLAH; MUSTOFA HELMI EFFENDI; SUZANITA UTAMA; SHENDY CANADYA KURNIAWAN; DANIAH ASHRI AFNANI; OTTO SAHAT MARTUA SILAEN; SAFIRA RAMADHANI; SANCAKA CHASYER RAMANDINIANTO; YUSAC KRISTANTO KHODA WARUWU; AGUS WIDODO; GIOVANNI DWI SYAHNI PUTRA; MUHAMMAD THORIQ IHZA FARIZQI; KATTY HENDRIANA PRISCILIA RIWU
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240233

Abstract

Abstract. Millannia SK, Khairullah AR, Effendi MH, Utama S, Kurniawan SC, Afnani DA, Silaen OSM, Ramadhani S, Ramandinianto SC, Waruwu YKK, Widodo A, Putra GDS, Farizqi MTI, Riwu KHP. 2023. Phenotypic detection strategies of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from cat nasal swab in Madiun city, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 940-946. Over the past ten years, the rise of bacterial disease resistance to antibiotics has presented challenges for veterinarians treating pets. Every day direct contact between pets and their owners is a risk for the spread of harmful bacteria. One of the most frequent patients in veterinary hospitals or clinics is cats. The prevalence of S. aureus infection is rising and becoming more serious as a result of antibiotic resistance, or what is known as multi-drug resistance (MDR). Pet owners and their pets may carry MDR S. aureus through zoonotic transmission. In 2018, MDR events were reported to infect ICU patients at Madiun City Hospital, East Java, Indonesia. Based on this backdrop, the authors decided to perform a study on the S. aureus bacteria resistance test of cefoxitin, tetracycline, erythromycin, gentamicin, and ampicillin bacteria obtained from cat nasal swabs in Madiun City. Making an MSA medium is the first step in bacterial isolation. Then, the Gram stain test identifies the species of Gram bacteria present in the colony. The following step is the catalase and coagulase assays, pinpointing the S. aureus bacterium. The Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method was used to conduct an antibiotic sensitivity test. With the aid of tweezers, paper discs containing the medicines cefoxitin 30 µg, tetracycline 30 µg, erythromycin 15 µg, gentamicin 10 µg and ampicillin 10 µg, are set apart from one another by 25 to 30 mm on an MHA medium. According to sample examination findings, S. aureus was present in 80 (80%), and six isolates (7.5%) were confirmed to be Multi-drug Resistance (MDR). The spread of MDR bacteria in people and animals can result in recurrent infections, a rise in complications, and an increase in morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, rational antibiotic use must be made for both humans and animals to stop the emergence of antibiotic resistance in the veterinary clinic in Madiun City.
Co-Authors AGUS WIDODO AGUS WIDODO AGUS WIDODO AGUS WIDODO ASWIN RAFIF KHAILRULLAH ASWIN RAFIF KHAIRULLAH ASWIN RAFIF KHAIRULLAH BAMBANG SEKTIARI LUKISWANTO DANIAH ASHRI AFNANI DANIAH ASHRI AFNANI FIDI NUR AINI EKA PUJI DAMEANTI GIOVANNI DWI SYAHNI PUTRA KATTY HENDRIANA PRISCILIA RIWU KATTY HENDRIANA PRISCILIA RIWU KATTY HENDRIANA PRISCILIA RiwuRIWU LITA RAKHMA YUSTINASARI MIRNI LAMID MUHAMMAD THORIQ IHZA FARIZQI MUSTOFA HELMI EFFENDI MUSTOFA HELMI EFFENDI NURULLAH FATIH SAFIRA RAMADHANI SANCAKA CHASYER RAMANDINIANTO SANCAKA CHASYER RAMANDINIANTO SAUMI KIREY MILLANNIA SHENDY CANADYA KURNIAWAN SHENDY CANADYA KURNIAWAN SHENDY CANADYA KURNIAWAN SRI AGUS SUDJARWO SUZANITA UTAMA WIWIEK TYASNINGSIH YUSAC KRISTANTO KHODA WARUWU