Vicko Taniady
Faculty of Law, Monash University

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The Application of the Res Ipsa Loquitur Doctrine as a Principle of Evidence in Medical Malpractice Firman Floranta Adonara; Y.A. Triana Ohoiwutun; Vicko Taniady
Jurnal Pembangunan Hukum Indonesia Vol 7, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : PROGRAM STUDI MAGISTER HUKUM FAKULTAS HUKUM UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jphi.v7i3.179-197

Abstract

This paper aims to discuss the doctrine of res ipsa loquitur as an unlawful act in medical malpractice and its implications on the balance of protection for patients and medical personnel after the enactment of the Health Law. The urgency of this paper lies in examining the applicability of the res ipsa loquitur doctrine in relation to Articles 310 and 440 of the Health Law. The application of the res ipsa loquitur doctrine in proving medical malpractice cases is strategic in determining the existence or absence of unlawful acts due to negligence. The res ipsa loquitur doctrine makes it easier for patients as plaintiffs to prove negligence through a reverse burden of proof mechanism by medical personnel. Although not a formal piece of evidence, the res ipsa loquitur doctrine can be used as a relevant legal basis, especially when supported by medical records, to assess the conformity of medical actions with professional standards and operational procedures. The legal relationship in therapeutic transactions, which is asymmetrical in nature, requires proportional protection, both in relation to the provisions of Article 310 of the Health Law, which encourages non-litigation dispute resolution, and in relation to Article 440, which opens up criminal law channels for serious negligence in medical services. Therefore, the application of the res ipsa loquitur doctrine in criminal law must be strictly limited through a restorative justice approach as a fair alternative with balanced protection interests for patients and medical personnel.
RECONSTRUCTING THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK OF TRADE SECRET PROTECTION VIS-À-VIS CYBER THEFT: A Cross-Jurisdictional Comparative Study Hari Sutra Disemadi; Upankar Chutia; Windi Afdal; Vicko Taniady; David Tan
Jurisdictie: Jurnal Hukum dan Syariah Vol 16, No 1 (2025): Jurisdictie
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/j.v16i1.32563

Abstract

The growing incidence of cyber theft has exposed critical deficiencies in trade secret protection regimes, particularly in jurisdictions lacking integrated cybersecurity measures. This study analyses the legal frameworks of Indonesia, India, and Australia, using the United States' Defend Trade Secrets Act (DTSA) as a benchmark to evaluate their capacity to address digital trade secret misappropriation. Employing a comparative legal methodology, it examines statutory provisions, judicial interpretations, and enforcement mechanisms relevant to cybersecurity threats. The findings reveal that while Indonesia has enacted a trade secret statute, it lacks procedural safeguards specifically designed to address cyber theft. India and Australia, by contrast, depend on disjointed protections rooted in contract law, breach of confidence, and general cybercrime statutes. None of the jurisdictions provide a robust legal framework incorporating vital cybersecurity components such as ex-parte seizure, digital evidence management, or encryption standards. These shortcomings highlight a critical vulnerability in safeguarding proprietary information amidst escalating cyber threats. The study underscores the urgent need for legislative reform to align trade secret protection with contemporary cybersecurity challenges. Its insights contribute to the ongoing academic and legal discourse on the adequacy of current laws in mitigating cyber-enabled intellectual property violations. Meningkatnya insiden pencurian siber telah mengungkap kelemahan mendasar dalam rezim perlindungan rahasia dagang, terutama di yurisdiksi yang belum mengintegrasikan langkah-langkah keamanan siber dalam kerangka hukumnya. Studi ini menganalisis sistem hukum Indonesia, India, dan Australia, dengan membandingkannya terhadap Defend Trade Secrets Act (DTSA) dari Amerika Serikat untuk menilai efektivitasnya dalam menangani penyalahgunaan rahasia dagang secara digital. Dengan pendekatan hukum komparatif, kajian ini mengevaluasi ketentuan undang-undang, doktrin yurisprudensi, dan mekanisme penegakan yang relevan terhadap ancaman siber. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa meskipun Indonesia memiliki undang-undang khusus, perlindungan prosedural terhadap pencurian siber belum memadai. India dan Australia justru mengandalkan perlindungan yang terfragmentasi melalui hukum kontrak, asas kepercayaan, dan regulasi kejahatan siber umum. Tidak satu pun dari ketiga negara menyediakan kerangka hukum menyeluruh yang mencakup unsur penting seperti penyitaan ex-parte, pengelolaan bukti digital, atau standar enkripsi. Kekosongan ini menunjukkan lemahnya perlindungan terhadap informasi bisnis sensitif di tengah meningkatnya ancaman digital. Studi ini menekankan urgensi reformasi legislatif untuk menyelaraskan perlindungan rahasia dagang dengan tantangan keamanan siber modern. Temuan ini memberi kontribusi penting bagi wacana akademik dan hukum terkait perlindungan kekayaan intelektual di era digital.