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All Journal International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) Jurnal Civics: Media Kajian Kewarganegaraan
Faizah Mohd Fakhruddin
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Education Social Sciences

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Psychosocial factors of cyberbullying experienced by Malaysian public university undergraduates Siti Nurfathin Idris; Mastura Mahfar; Faizah Mohd Fakhruddin; Azlina Mohd Kosnin; Aslan Amat Senin; Halimah Mohd Yusof; Nur Azmina Paslan
International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) Vol 15, No 4: August 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijere.v15i4.39582

Abstract

Cyberbullying has emerged as a critical issue among university students in Malaysia, driven by the widespread use of digital technologies and associated with serious psychological consequences. Despite its increasing prevalence, limited research has explored how psychosocial factors shape cyberbullying victimization within the Malaysian higher education context. This study addresses this gap by exploring the psychosocial factors influencing cyberbullying victimization among university students in Malaysia. A qualitative case study approach was employed, involving five university students who had experienced cyberbullying. Data was collected through semi-structured, in-depth interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings suggest that cyberbullying victimization is influenced by an interplay of psychological and social factors. Psychological factors include passive behavior, low self-esteem, irrational beliefs and personality traits, while social factors encompass peer relationships, parenting styles, social media engagement, and online gaming environments. This study suggests that cyberbullying is a multifaceted phenomenon shaped by both individual vulnerabilities and environmental influences. These findings highlight the need for comprehensive, psychosocial-based interventions to support students’ wellbeing and promote safer digital environments in higher education institutions.
A character education model based on deep learning in the teaching of Pancasila Hermi Yanzi; Hasan Hariri; Faizah Mohd Fakhruddin; Elisa Seftriyana; Ana Mentari; Fitra Endi Fernanda
Jurnal Civics: Media Kajian Kewarganegaraan Vol. 23 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jc.v23i2.94534

Abstract

This study developed and tested a Deep Learning-Based Character-Strengthening Education Model for Pancasila Education at the junior high school level in Bandar Lampung City, Indonesia. Using a mixed-methods design integrated with Research and Development (R&D), the study proceeded through six stages, from preliminary participatory observation and prototype development to expert and teacher validation, quasi-experimental testing, multilevel statistical analysis, and final model refinement. Participants comprised teachers and students from junior high schools across Bandar Lampung City, selected through random sampling. The results showed that understanding of Pancasila concepts increased by 25% in the experimental group, compared with 10% in the control group, with character-strengthening indicators – tolerance, integrity, responsibility and cooperation – also registering significantly greater gains (p < 0.05). Teacher implementation quality, school environmental support and student engagement emerged as key mediators of the model’s effectiveness. The findings indicate that embedding mindful, meaningful and joyful learning principles within Pancasila Education strengthens both conceptual understanding and student character more effectively than conventional, teacher-centred approaches. The model offers a practical, empirically validated framework for character-based citizenship education in Indonesian schools and contributes to broader debates on deep-learning pedagogies in civic and moral education.
Co-Authors Aslan Amat Senin Azlina Mohd Kosnin Elisa Seftriyana Fitra Endi Fernanda Halimah Mohd Yusof Hariri, Hasan Hermi Yanzi Mastura Mahfar Mentari, Ana Nur Azmina Paslan Siti Nurfathin Idris