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All Journal Bravo's: Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science Altius: Jurnal Ilmu Olahraga dan Kesehatan
Nurman Ramadhan
Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Sunan Giri
Education Public Health Other

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Pengaruh penggunaan tongkat modifikasi terhadap keterampilan memukul bola kasti siswa Irvan Zaenuri; Olivia Dwi Cahyani; Nurman Ramadhan
Bravo's: Jurnal Program Studi Pendidikan Jasmani dan Kesehatan Vol 14 No 1 (2026): Bravo's: Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science
Publisher : Physical Education Departement of University PGRI Jombang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32682/bravos.v14i1/246

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to ascertain how a modified stick can enhance rounders players' ball-hitting abilities among fifth-grade students at MI Islamiyah Tulungagung through the use of learning media in the form of a modified stick. Initial observations showed that most of the 30 students were still in the low category, with pretest scores ranging from 30 to 40. This study used a one-group pretest–posttest design and a quantitative methodology, in which the entire population was used as the sample through a total sampling technique, and the research instrument was a kasti ball hitting test, while the treatment was given over four sessions through stick swing exercises of 5 times × 2 repetitions and hitting balls at slow, medium, and fast speeds using a cricket bat. The results of the descriptive analysis showed an increase in the average score from 56.67 in the pretest to 64.33 in the posttest, with the score range changing from 30–40 to 80–90. The Shapiro–Wilk normality test proved that the data were normally distributed, with p = 0.090 for the pretest and p = 0.107 for the posttest, and the Paired Sample t-Test results showed a significant effect of using a cricket bat on improving kasti ball hitting ability, with t = –2.986, df = 29, and p = 0.006 (p < 0.05). This improvement indicates that modified teaching aids can help students improve strength, accuracy, and movement coordination when hitting the ball; nevertheless, the limited sample size and duration of the treatment are important notes, so future studies are recommended to involve a control group and a broader participant scope to strengthen the gen.
Designing Circuit Game Activities to Enhance Fundamental Motor Skills in Children with Dyspraxia Nurman Ramadhan; Benny Widya Priadana; Hilmy Aliriad; Mohamad Da'i; Wahyu Setia Kuscayaning Putri
Altius: Jurnal Ilmu Olahraga dan Kesehatan Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): Altius: Jurnal Ilmu Olahraga dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36706/altius.v15i1.265

Abstract

Dyspraxia, or Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD), impairs physical coordination in children, limiting their participation in daily activities and social interactions. No validated circuit-based approach targeting children with dyspraxia across four developmental domains has previously been established. This study aimed to develop and validate fundamental motor skill activities based on game circuits for children with dyspraxia. A Research and Development (RnD) approach following the Borg and Gall framework was employed, encompassing expert validation, small-group trials (n = 3; aged 5–6 years), and large-group trials (n = 7; aged 5–6 years). Content validity was assessed using the Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Content Validity Index (CVI); inter-rater reliability was assessed using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). The Denver Developmental Screening Test II (DDST-II) was used for field assessment. CVR was 1.0, exceeding the 0.62 threshold for a three-expert panel. ICC values ranged from acceptable to good: movement skill (ICC = 0.881), cognitive skill (ICC = 0.721), fun (ICC = 0.623), and attention focus (ICC = 0.633). DDST-II outcomes showed the majority of children passed in both trial phases. The four-post circuit game approach demonstrates strong content validity and acceptable inter-rater reliability, and effectively supports fundamental motor skill development in children with dyspraxia.       
Co-Authors Hilmy Aliriad Irvan Zaenuri Mohamad Da'i Olivia Dwi Cahyani Priadana, Benny Widya Wahyu Setia Kuscayaning Putri