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All Journal Altius: Jurnal Ilmu Olahraga dan Kesehatan
Wahyu Setia Kuscayaning Putri
Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Sunan Giri

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Designing Circuit Game Activities to Enhance Fundamental Motor Skills in Children with Dyspraxia Nurman Ramadhan; Benny Widya Priadana; Hilmy Aliriad; Mohamad Da'i; Wahyu Setia Kuscayaning Putri
Altius: Jurnal Ilmu Olahraga dan Kesehatan Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): Altius: Jurnal Ilmu Olahraga dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36706/altius.v15i1.265

Abstract

Dyspraxia, or Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD), impairs physical coordination in children, limiting their participation in daily activities and social interactions. No validated circuit-based approach targeting children with dyspraxia across four developmental domains has previously been established. This study aimed to develop and validate fundamental motor skill activities based on game circuits for children with dyspraxia. A Research and Development (RnD) approach following the Borg and Gall framework was employed, encompassing expert validation, small-group trials (n = 3; aged 5–6 years), and large-group trials (n = 7; aged 5–6 years). Content validity was assessed using the Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Content Validity Index (CVI); inter-rater reliability was assessed using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). The Denver Developmental Screening Test II (DDST-II) was used for field assessment. CVR was 1.0, exceeding the 0.62 threshold for a three-expert panel. ICC values ranged from acceptable to good: movement skill (ICC = 0.881), cognitive skill (ICC = 0.721), fun (ICC = 0.623), and attention focus (ICC = 0.633). DDST-II outcomes showed the majority of children passed in both trial phases. The four-post circuit game approach demonstrates strong content validity and acceptable inter-rater reliability, and effectively supports fundamental motor skill development in children with dyspraxia.       
Co-Authors Hilmy Aliriad Mohamad Da'i Nurman Ramadhan Priadana, Benny Widya