Regita Azzahra Prasetyowati
Master’s Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret

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Meta-Analysis: Effects of Gender, Waiting Time, Visits, and Insurance on Outpatient Satisfaction with Health Services Regita Azzahra Prasetyowati; Natalia Prisca Ibrahim; Septa Santiya Arini; Bhisma Murti; Siti Mar'atul Munawaroh
Journal of Health Policy and Management Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Master's Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejhpm.2025.10.01.02

Abstract

Background: Patient satisfaction is the result of the service process felt by the patient, overall satisfaction arises from the patient's evaluation of the experience or as an interaction, including the availability of health services provided by officers (health workers), so that patient satisfaction can be used to assess the quality of services received by the patient. This study aims to estimate the magnitude of the influence of gender, waiting time, visits, and insurance on health service satisfaction. Subjects and Method: Systematic review and meta-analysis using PRISMA flow charts and PICO models. Population: outpatients. Intervention: Female, long waiting time, already visited, using insurance. Comparison: Male, short waiting time, first time visit, and not using insurance. Outcome: Outpatient satisfaction with health services. The online databases used were Google Scholar, Biomedcentral, Taylor & Francis and Plos with the keywords gender, waiting time, visits, insurance, outpatient satisfaction, cross-sectional and aOR. Inclusion criteria were full text articles with cross-sectional use of multivariate analysis that included aOR and were published from 2014-2024. Data analysis using the RevMan 5.3 application. Result: Twelve primary studies were used to analyze gender and patient satisfaction with health services. Women had satisfaction with health services 1.19 times compared to men (aOR= 1.19; 95% CI=1.11 to 1.28; p<0.001). Ten primary studies were used to analyze insurance and patient satisfaction with health services. Patients who have insurance are 1.23 times more satisfied with health services than those who do not have insurance (aOR= 1.23; 95% CI=1.09 to 1.40; p<0.001). Seven primary studies were used to analyze waiting times and patient satisfaction with health services. Patients who experienced short waiting times were 0.30 times more satisfied with health services compared to those with long waiting times (aOR=0.30; 95% CI=0.21 to 0.44; p<0.001). Seven primary studies were used to analyze visit frequency and patient satisfaction with health services. Patients who have visited are 2.96 times more satisfied with health services than patients who are visiting for the first time (aOR=2.96; 95% CI=2.60 to 3.37; p<0.001). Conclusion: Female gender, short waiting times, repeat visits and insurance in increasing outpatient satisfaction with health services.
Key Factors Affecting Job Satisfaction of Inpatient Nurses at Sukoharjo Regional Hospital Regita Azzahra Prasetyowati; Argyo Demartoto; Bhisma Murti
Journal of Health Policy and Management Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Master's Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/

Abstract

Background: Quality health services are the result of cooperation between patients and health care providers in a supportive environment. Nurses as professionals are responsible for providing high-quality nursing care for better patient outcomes. The Human Resources (HR) department plays a crucial role in managing the workforce and ensuring that hospitals have qualified and competent staff of healthcare professionals. The purpose of this study is to find out the factors that affect nurses' job satisfaction. Subjects and Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Sukoharjo Regency Hospital from June to July 2024. A total sample of 200 inpatient nurses was selected by simple random sampling. The dependent variable is job satisfaction. The independent variables were salary perception, work environment, autonomy, supervision, relationships between colleagues, work rewards, and work attitudes. Data collection was carried out by questionnaire. Data were analyzed using path analysis. Results: The results of the pathway analysis that has been carried out in this study stated that the job satisfaction of inpatient nurses at Sukoharjo Hospital was directly influenced by supervision (b=0.14; CI 95%= 0.01 to 0.26; p= 0.040), salary perception (b= 0.23; CI 95%= 0.10 to 0.36; p <0.001), autonomy (b = 0.18; CI 95%= 0.06 to 0.31; p= 0.005), work environment (b= 0.18; CI 95%= 0.05 to 0.31; p= 0.006). Job satisfaction through salary perception is indirectly influenced by income and work rewards in the work environment. Conclusion: The job satisfaction of inpatient nurses at Sukoharjo Hospital is directly influenced by supervision, salary perception, autonomy, and work environment. Job satisfaction through salary perception is indirectly influenced by income, work rewards in the work environment.