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Factors Associated with Safe Sex Behavior Among Commercial Sex Workers in Banjarsari, Surakarta, Central Java Maecelina Hestin Ambarsari; Argyo Demartoto; C.S.P Wekadigunawan
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 3 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (453.837 KB)

Background: It is estimated that more than one million people in the world contract sexually-transmitted disease everyday. Annually approximately 357 million new infections occur by one of four sexually-transmitted diseases: chlamidia, gonorrhea, syphilis, and mouth ulcer. To date HIV/AIDS has spread in 407 of 507 districts and municipalities in Indonesia, or equivalently covering 80% districts and municipalities of the country. In Surakarta, the cumulative incidence of HIV/AIDS from 2005 to 2017 was 561 cases, with 38 HIV cases and 46 AIDS cases in 2017 alone. The incidence of HIV/AIDS has been increasing year by year. This study aimed to examine factors associated with safe sex behavior among commercial sex workers in Banjarsari, Surakarta, Central Java.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with cross-sectional design. The study was conducted in Banjarsari Sub-district, Surakarta, Central Java. A total sample of 100 commercial sex workers was selected by stratified random sampling. The dependent variable was safe sex behavior. The independent variables were knowledge of infectious transmitted disease and HIV/AIDS, self efficacy, condom availability, access to health care service, health personnel support, and peer support. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by multiple linear regression.Results: Safe sex behavior was associated with good knowledge of sexually-transmitted disease and HIV/AIDS (b=0.19; 95% CI=0.01 to 0.30; p=0.032), strong self efficacy (b= 0.18; 95% CI= 0.01 to 0.38; p= 0.047), condom availability (b=0.30; 95% CI= 0.36 to 1.20; p<0.001), good access to health care service (b= 0.19; 95% CI= 0.02 to 0.52; p= 0.035), strong health personnel support (b= 0.18; 95% CI= 0.01 to 0.57; p=0.041), strong peer support (b= 0.17; 95% CI= 0.01 to 0.50; p= 0.046).Conclusion: Safe sex behavior is associated with good knowledge of sexually-transmitted disease and HIV/AIDS, strong self efficacy, condom availability, access to health care service, strong health personnel support, strong peer support.Keyword: safe sex behavior, knowledge, self efficacy, condom availability, access to health service, health personnel support, peer supportCorrespondence: Maecelina Hestin Ambarsari. Masters Program in Public Heath, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: hestinmaecelina@gmail.com. Mobile: +6285742975078.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2018), 3(1): 60-71https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2018.03.01.05

Factors Associated with Women’s Decision to Become Commercial Sex Workers in Banjarsari, Surakarta, Central Java Syefira Ayudia Johar; Argyo Demartoto; C.S.P Wekadigunawan
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 3 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (366.32 KB)

Background: In Indonesia, the number of new HIV cases in 2016 was 41.250, and AIDS cases was 7,491. HIV infection predominantly (67.6%) occur heterosexually. In Central Java, the number of Di Indonesia, new HIV cases in 2016 was 4.032, and AIDS cases was 1.402. Surakarta City has the second highest cases of HIV in Central Java after Semarang District with 38 HIV cases and 46 AIDS cases in September 2017. This study aimed to analyze factors associated with women’s decision to become commercial sex workers in Banjarsari.Subjects and Method: This was an analytical observational study with case control design. The study was conducted in Banjarsari, Surakarta, Central Java. A total sample of 200 study subjects consisting of 100 female commercial sex workers and 100 non sex workers. The dependent variable was women’s decision to become commercial sex worker. The independent variables were knowledge of sexually-transmitted disease, family income, pro-commercial sex worker family support, snobbish life style, and access to whore house. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by multiple logistic regression.Results: Women’s decision to become commercial sex worker was negatively associated with good knowledge of sexually-transmitted disease (OR= 0.03; 95% CI= 0.01 to 0.18; p<0.001), high family income (OR= 0.01; 95% CI<0.01 to 0.05; p<0.001). Women’s decision to become commercial sex worker was positively associated with strong pro-commercial sex worker family support (OR=8.15; 95% CI= 2.63 to 25.23; p<0.001), snobbish life style (OR= 6.20; 95% CI= 1.81 to 21.24; p= 0.004), and access to whore house (OR= 8.52; 95% CI=2.49 to 29.17; p= 0.001).Conclusion: Women’s decision to become commercial sex worker has negative association with good knowledge of sexually-transmitted disease, high family income. Women’s decision to become commercial sex worker has positive association with strong pro-commercial sex worker family support, life style, and access to whore house.Keyword: Women’s decision, commercial sex worker, knowledge, family income, family support, life style, access to whore houseCorrespondence: Syefira Ayudia Johar. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: syefira48@gmail.com. Mobile: +6282136422448.Journal of Epidemiology and Publich Health (2018), 3(1): 72-82https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2018.03.01.06

Multilevel Analysis: Factors Related with Quality Service of Elderly Community Health Post in Sukoharjo Central Java Deviana Tristian; Bhisma Murti; Argyo Demartoto
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.02.04

Background: The quality of health services is the difference between patient expectations and their perceptions of the services they receive, thus the quality of health services shows the success of a health service. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the quality of at the elderly community health post.Subjects and Method: This research was a cross-sectional study conducted at 25 at the elderly community health post in Sukoharjo Regency, Central Java in November 2023. The sample consisted of 200 elderly people using random sampling. The dependent variable is the quality of health services at the elderly community health post, while the independent variables are gender, age, number of visits, level of education, and income. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using multilevel linear regression analysis.Results: The results of multilevel analysis show that the assessment of the quality of health services decreases in elderly women (b= -0.82; CI95%= -1.65 to -0.01; p= 0.049), aged ≥66 years (b= -1.22, CI95%= -2.01 to -0.44; p=0.002), number of visits 6 times (b= -3.03; CI95%= -3.89 to -2.61; p <0.001), education ≥0.699, and income (b= -2.09; CI95%= -3.20 to 0.97; p<0.001). Posyandu has a contextual effect on assessing the quality of health services with ICC = 52.76%).Conclusion: The assessment of the quality of the elderly community health post service decreased in the elderly type, age ≥66 years, number of visits 6 times, education ≥high school, and income ≥Rp 2,000,000. at the elderly community health post shows quite large contextual effects on assessing the quality of health services. Keywords: Quality of health services, multilevel analysis, elderly

Biopsychosocial Factors Associated with the Risk of Hypertension in Elderly in Klaten, Central Java: A Cross-Sectional Study Indri Nur Utami; Argyo Demartoto; Bhisma Murti
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.04.04

Background: Hypertension is also a major preventable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and plays a role in all causes of death worldwide, characterized by systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of biopsychosocial factors on the risk of hypertension among the elderly in Klaten Regency.Subjects and Method: This study was cross-sectional from April-May 2024. The sample used was 200 elderly people in 25 elderly health posts and selected using random sampling techniques in Klaten Regency, Central Java. The dependent variable of this study was the incidence of hypertension. The independent variables of this study were age, gender, anxiety, stress, and income level. The data were collected using questionnaire and analyzed using path analysis run on Stata 13.Results: Systolic blood pressure is directly affected by anxiety (b= 1.34; CI 95%= -0.13 to 2.82; p= 0.075), the existence of retirement funds (b= -0.09; CI 95%= -0.01 to -0.03; p= 0.003), and female (b= 1.22; CI 95%= -5.38 to 7.84; p= 0.716). Anxiety is influenced by stress (b= 0.38; CI 95%= 0.29 to 0.48; p<0.001), the existence of retirement funds (b= -0.01; CI 95% <0.01 to <0.01; p= 0.038), and age (b= 0.04; CI 95%= 0.07 to 0.08; p= 0.020).Conclusion: Systolic blood pressure is directly affected by anxiety, the existence of retirement funds, and female. Anxiety is influenced by stress, the existence of retirement funds, and age.

Is Social Capital Associated with Hypertension in Adults Visiting Integrated Health Posts for the Elderly? Nathanael Aditya Santoso; Argyo Demartoto; Bhisma Murti
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.04.01

Background: Social capital has been shown to play an important role in influencing an individual's health, including the incidence of hypertension in adulthood. Adults with hypertension who usually receive services at elderly posyandu with high strata are less likely to develop hypertension than posyandu with low strata. This study aims to determine the relationship between social capital and hypertension in adults in elderly posyandu.Subjects and Method: This study is an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional approach conducted in 25 Posyandu Elderly from May 2024 to July 2024 A total of 200 adult research subjects were selected using stratified random sampling and simple random sampling. The independent variable in this study is social capital and the dependent variable is hypertension. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire. The analysis test in this study is a multilevel model double logistic regression analysis test conducted using the STATA 13 model.Results: Each increase in one unit of the social capital score will be followed by a decrease in systolic blood pressure of 0.94 mmHg (b= -0.94; 95% CI = -1.48 to -0.40; p= 0.001) and a decrease in systolic blood pressure of 0.32 mmHg (b= -0.32; 95% CI = -0.56 to -0.08; p= 0.008). Each one-year increase in age will be followed by an increase in systolic blood pressure of 0.43 mmHg (b = 0.43; 95% CI = 0.16 to 0.70; p = 0.002) and an increase in diastolic blood pressure of 0.14 mmHg (b = 0.02; 95% CI = 0.26 to 0.70; p = 0.018). There was no difference in systolic blood pressure between men and women (b= -2.84; 95% CI = -8.04 to 2.36; p= 0.284).Conclusion: Individuals who have good social capital lower the risk of hypertension. Increasing age and gender of women increases the risk of hypertension.

Assessing the Effect of Social Capital on Depression in Adults Aulia Putri Nugraheni; Bhisma Murti; Argyo Demartoto
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.05.04

Background: Depression is a mental health problem that affects an individual's quality of life. Previous studies have shown that individuals with high social capital are less likely to experience depression. Understanding the dynamics of social capital and its impact on depression is essential for developing interventions and policies that can improve mental well-being at both the individual and community levels. This study aims to analyze the influence of structural, cognitive, and relational social capital on depression in adults.Subjects and Method: This study is a cross-sectional study carried out in Klaten, Central Java in September-October 2024. Population of 726,839 adults and a sample of 200 adults aged 19-59 years were selected using multistage random sampling. The dependent variable was depression. The independent variables were structural social capital, cognitive social capital, and relational social capital. Depression data was measured using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and other data using questionnaires. Data was analyzed using the Structural Equation Model run on STATA 13.Results: Strong social capital lowered adults' risk of depression (b= -0.39; CI 95%= -0.56 to -0.23; p= 0.001). The older you get, the lower the depression score (b= -0.17; CI 95%= -0.31 to -0.03; p= 0.018). The social capital construct in this study is positively and statistically significant by the structural social capital component (b= 0.75; CI 95%= 0.58 to 0.92; p= 0.001), cognitive social capital component (b= 0.56; CI 95%= 0.39 to 0.73; p= 0.001), and the relational social capital component (b= 0.62; CI 95%= 0.48 to 0.76; p= 0.001). The SEM model showed a good fit (Chi-square p= 0.113; RMSEA= 0.070; CFI= 0.98; TLI= 0.93; SRMR= 0.03).Conclusion: Strong social capital and increasing age lower the risk of depression in adults. The social capital construct is positively and statistically significant by the components of structural social capital, cognitive social capital, and relational social capital. This SEM model shows a good fit.

Investigating the Impact of Social Capital on Elderly Quality of Life in Surakarta: A Multilevel Analysis Mentary Febryant Putry; Argyo Demartoto; Bhisma Murti
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.05.06

Background: A good quality of life is the goal of every individual in life. This quality of life indicates that a person is healthy and prosperous, so that they can live a normal life in the community, especially for the elderly population. This study aims to analyze the variables of the influence of social capital on the quality of life of the elderly at the individual level and the posyandu level.Subjects and Method: This study is a study using a cross-sectional design conducted in 25 elderly posyandu in Surakarta from August to September 2024. The sample consisted of 200 elderly people who were selected by probability sampling. The independent variable in this study is social capital. The dependent variable is quality of life. Data collection was carried out by questionnaire. The analysis data uses multilevel analysis.Results: The results of the multilevel analysis that has been carried out in this study stated that the social capital and quality of life of the elderly (b=1.29; CI 95%= 1.12 to 1.47; p<0.001), directly influenced by age (b=0-1.16; CI 95%= -3.64 to 1.31; p= 0.035), gender (b=8.91; CI 95%= 7.21 to 10.62; p<0.001), education (b=10.27; CI 95% = 8.73 to 11.81; p<0.001).Conclusion: Social capital has a statistically significant positive influence on the quality of life of the elderly.

Factors Associated with Dyslipidemia among Workers: A Path Analysis Fenita Indriani; Sumardiyono; Bhisma Murti; Argyo Demartoto
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.05.02

Background: The results of the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey show that 39.5% of the Indonesian population aged ≥ 15 years old have abnormal total cholesterol levels. Dyslipidemia or plasma lipid abnormalities play a major role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis on the walls of blood vessels which is the cause of coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke. The purpose of the study was to analyze the factors that affect dyslipidemia in workers.Subjects and Method: This study uses an analytical observational design using a cross-sectional approach. The study was conducted at the Yogyakarta Labkesmas Center in October 2024 with a total of 150 worker study subjects. The sampling technique is non-probability sampling, namely total sampling. The independent variables in this study were BMI, glucose levels, stress, and depression while the dependent variables were total cholesterol levels. Data collection was carried out using secondary data and questionnaires, the data was analyzed by path analysis.Results: Each increase of one mg/dL of glucose level (b = 0.24; CI 95%= 0.09 to 0.39; p = 0.002) and one unit of depression (b = 0.16; CI 95%= 0.01 to 0.31; p= 0.043) will be followed by an increase in total cholesterol levels. Any increase in BMI through a mediator of glucose levels and stress through a mediator of depression will be followed by an increase in total cholesterol levels.Conclusion: Total cholesterol levels increase with increased glucose levels and depression levels. Total cholesterol levels are indirectly affected by BMI through glucose level mediators and stress levels through depression mediators.

Physical, Emotional, and Sexual Violence on the Risk of Depression in Young Adult Women Ayu Saidah; Argyo Demartoto; Bhisma Murti; Achmad Arman Subijanto; Revi Gamma Hatta Novika
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.02.05

Background: Depression due to dating violence is a serious problem that affects the mental health of many women, especially young adults. Dating violence, whether physical, emotional, or sexual, can interfere with psychological well-being and result in long-term consequences, one of which is depression. This study aims to analyze the relationship between experiences of dating violence and depression in victims, focusing on women aged 16 to 25 years.Subjects and Method: This study was a cross-sectional study conducted in Surakarta from October to December 2024. The study sample consisted of 200 female young adults in Surakarta City, selected through random sampling. The dependent variable was depression., Independent variables were physical violence, emotional violence, and sexual violence. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using path analysis on Stata 13.Results: The risk of depression was directly influenced by emotional violence (b=0.49; 95%CI=0.39 to 0.60; p<0.001) and sexual violence (b=0.21; 95%CI=0.09 to 0.32; p<0.001). Meanwhile, the indirect influence was physical violence (b=0.28; 95%CI=0.15 to 0.41; p<0.001) and sexual violence (b=0.25; 95%CI=0.11 to 0.37; p<0.001).Conclusion: Emotional violence and sexual violence directly affect the risk of depression. The indirect influence of the risk of depression is physical violence and sexual violence.

Mortality Risk in COVID-19 Patients with HIV-Comorbidity: Meta-Analysis Nindita Arum Veibiani; Bhisma Murti; Argyo Demartoto
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 7 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 or known as COVID-19 is a disease caused by severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Comorbidities that are risk factors for COVID-19 death include hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, COPD, HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus), kidney failure, and cancer. This study aims to estimate the magnitude of the risk of death in COVID-19 patients with comorbid HIV, with a meta-analysis of the primary studies conducted by the previous authors.Subjects and Method: This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis with the following PICO, population: COVID-19 patients. Intervention: HIV comorbidity. Comparison: without co-morbid HIV. Outcome: Mortality. The articles used in this study were obtained from four databases, namely PubMed, Google Scholar, Springerlink, and Science direct, using the search keys "HIV/AIDS" AND "Mortality" OR "death" AND "COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2. The included article is a full-text English language with a cohort study design from 2020 to 2021 and reports the adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) in a multivariate analysis. Article selection is done by using PRISMA flow diagram. Articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application.Results: A total of 9 cohort studies involving 3,397,186 COVID-19 patients from America, Europe, and Africa were selected for a systematic review and meta-analysis. The data collected showed that COVID-19 patients with HIV comorbidities had a mortality risk of 3.30 times compared to COVID-19 patients without HIV comorbidities (aOR = 3.30; 95% CI = 2.87 to 3.81; p<0.001).Conclusion: HIV increases mortality risk in COVID-19 patients. Keywords: HIV, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, mortality Correspondence:Nindita Arum Veibiani. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: nindita.veibiani@gmail.com. Mobile: 085800216969.

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