<![CDATA[The development of social media has provided people with easier access to obtain and disseminate information, but it has also created challenges through the increasing spread of hoaxes and disinformation. This condition demonstrates the importance of strengthening digital citizenship so that people are able to use digital spaces critically, ethically, and responsibly. This study aims to analyze the role of digital citizens in countering disinformation, identify the patterns and factors contributing to the spread of hoaxes on social media, and examine strategies for building community resilience against false information. This study employs a library research method with a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were obtained from relevant literature, including books, scientific journal articles, previous research findings, and academic documents, which were analyzed through selection, classification, comparison, and interpretation. The findings indicate that digital citizens play an important role in countering hoaxes through information verification, source credibility assessment, clarification, reporting false content, and ethical communication in digital spaces. The spread of hoaxes is influenced by low levels of digital literacy, social media algorithms, trust in social networks, political and economic interests, and confirmation bias. Strengthening digital literacy, critical thinking skills, and digital citizenship is therefore essential for building a more resilient society against disinformation.]]>
