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All Journal Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences.
Revi Mariska Ritonga
Program Studi Farmasi, Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Muslim Nusantara Al-Washliyah, Kota Medan, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Aktivitas antijamur hidrogel dari kitosancangkang kerang simping (Amusium Pleuronectes) terhadap Malassezia Furfur Revi Mariska Ritonga; Ridwanto Ridwanto; Haris Munandar Nasution; Rafita Yuniarti
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 9 Nomor 3 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v9i3.1866

Abstract

Amusium pleuronectes shell waste was investigated as a source of chitosan for a topical hydrogel with activity against Malassezia furfur. Chitosan was isolated by deproteinization, demineralization, depigmentation, and alkaline deacetylation, characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and incorporated into hydrogels at nominal concentrations of 2%, 4%, and 6%, with a chitosan-free base as control. Physical properties were assessed over 21 days, and antifungal activity was evaluated by agar-well diffusion. The recovered material represented 24.30% of the initial shell mass, and its estimated degree of deacetylation was approximately 77%. All formulations retained their appearance without visible phase separation. Across formulations and observation times, pH ranged from 4.55 to 6.09, spread diameter from 5.1 to 5.8 cm, adhesion from 1.11 to 1.61 s, and apparent viscosity from 31,310 to 38,180 cP; pH, adhesion, and viscosity declined during storage. Mean inhibition zones were 11.57 ± 0.21, 13.33 ± 0.15, and 15.00 ± 0.10 mm for the 2%, 4%, and 6% formulations, respectively (three readings each). The base produced no inhibition halo, whereas the reported ketoconazole comparator value was 21.3 mm. The 6% formulation showed the greatest in vitro inhibition among the chitosan hydrogels, while the changes in physical properties indicate a need for further formulation optimization.
Co-Authors Haris Munandar Nasution Rafita Yuniarti Ridwanto Ridwanto