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Fitri Khoiriyah
STIKes Nauli Husada
Dentistry Health Professions Nursing Public Health Veterinary

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Factors Associated with the Incidence of Chronic Energy Deficiency in Pregnant Women Fitri Khoiriyah; Meiyati Simatupang; Jenni Susi Sihite
Open Access Health Scientific Journal Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): August 2024
Publisher : Griya Eka Sejahtera

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55700/oahsj.v5i2.257

Abstract

Background: Chronic energy deficiency (CED) in pregnant women is a nutritional problem that can be related to maternal health and fetal growth. Identifying factors associated with CED is necessary to support maternal nutrition interventions. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between energy intake, protein intake, education, family income, and antenatal care with the incidence of CED in pregnant women.Methods: The study used a cross-sectional design in the Tukka Community Health Center (Puskesmas) working area, Central Tapanuli Regency, in 2024. A total of 120 pregnant women were involved through a total sampling technique. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed univariately and bivariately using the chi-square test with SPSS.Results: Energy intake, protein intake, and family income showed a statistically significant relationship with the incidence of CED (p < 0.05). Education (p = 0.177) and antenatal check-up (p = 0.131) did not show a statistically significant relationship in the study sample.Conclusion: Energy intake, protein intake, and family income are associated with the incidence of CED in pregnant women. Health services need to consider assessing adequate intake, providing nutritional counseling, and providing appropriate dietary support to pregnant women. These findings indicate an association and cannot be used to conclude a causal relationship.
Changes in Energy and Protein Intake After Local Food-Based Nutrition Education for Pregnant Women in Tukka Village Fitri Khoiriyah; Mei Yati Simatupang; Oktaviani Yanti Zega
Open Access Health Scientific Journal Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Griya Eka Sejahtera

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55700/oahsj.v6i2.261

Abstract

Background: Energy and protein intake during pregnancy is important for maternal health and fetal growth. Education using local food samples can help mothers implement nutritional recommendations in their daily consumption. This study aims to describe changes in energy and protein intake following local food-based nutrition education among pregnant women in Tukka Village, Central Tapanuli Regency.Methods: A pre-experimental study with a single-group before-after design was conducted in March 2025. A total of 30 pregnant women were recruited through total sampling. Education using leaflets or modules on energy and protein sources, portion sizes, meal frequency, and examples of local food-based menus was provided. Data collection used a questionnaire. Intake before and after the intervention is presented as the mean and standard deviation.Results: Most participants were aged 20–35 years (76.7%), had a high school education (46.7%), and were in their second trimester (43.3%). Mean energy intake increased from 1,645 ± 285 to 1,980 ± 270 kcal/day, with a difference of 335 kcal/day. Mean protein intake increased from 55.8 ± 12.4 to 69.7 ± 11.8 g/day, with a difference of 13.9 g/day.Conclusion: Reported energy and protein intakes were higher after local food-based nutrition education. The design without a control group limits causal conclusions. Controlled studies with standardized intake measurements are needed to confirm the effectiveness of the intervention and its impact on maternal nutritional status.
Effectiveness of Family-Based Nutritional Assistance in Preventing Chronic Energy Deficiency in Pregnant Women Friska Apriani Sihombing; Mei Yati Simatupang; Fitri Khoiriyah
Open Access Health Scientific Journal Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Griya Eka Sejahtera

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55700/oahsj.v6i2.262

Abstract

Background: Chronic energy deficiency during pregnancy requires interventions that support household dietary practices. This study evaluated changes in mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), nutrition knowledge, family support, and the reported proportion of women at risk after family-based nutrition support.Methods: A quasi-experimental nonequivalent control-group pretest–posttest study was conducted in Pasir Field, Central Tapanuli, Indonesia, in 2025. Sixty pregnant women were recruited through total sampling, with 30 participants per group. The intervention group received eight weeks of family-based nutrition support, while controls received routine care. Results were summarized descriptively.Results: Mean MUAC increased from 22.62 ± 0.82 to 23.78 ± 0.81 cm in the intervention group and from 23.02 ± 0.85 to 23.18 ± 0.90 cm in controls. Mean changes were 1.16 and 0.16 cm, respectively, yielding a descriptive between-group difference in changes of 1.00 cm. Intervention-group knowledge scores increased from 56.8 to 80.9, and family-support scores from 55.0 to 80.7. The reported at-risk proportion decreased from 83.3% to 30.0% in the intervention group and from 66.7% to 60.0% in controls.Conclusion: Family-based nutrition support showed more favorable descriptive changes in maternal nutritional indicators and family support. Establishing effectiveness requires verification of between-group analyses, adjustment for baseline differences, and control of confounding.
Co-Authors Friska Apriani Sihombing Jenni Susi Sihite Mei Yati Simatupang Meiyati Simatupang Oktaviani Yanti Zega