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All Journal Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Science and Technology Indonesia
Marlina, Resti
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics

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Characteristics of Environmentally Friendly Food Container Composite Made From Sorghum Bagasse and Citric Acid ismadi, ismadi; Kusumah, Sukma Surya; Subyakto, Subyakto; Subiyanto, Bambang; Suryanegara, Lisman; Marlina, Resti
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 9, No 2 (2020): December 2020 [Nationally Accredited - Sinta 2]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v9i02.27345

Abstract

The common food container product was made from plastic such as polypropylene, polystyrene, etc which has slowed to degrade hence affected to the environmental pollution and health disorder. Therefore, environmentally friendly food container composite is developed from sustainable resources such as sorghum bagasse and citric acid. The effects of sorghum species, sorghum particles and citric acid content on the composite properties were investigated. Local species of sorghum was used as raw material such as Super 2 in the manufacturing of food packaging.  The size and moisture content of the particles were passthrough on 40 mesh and 10%, respectively. The content of the particle was variated such as 10, 15, and 20% wt. Furthermore, citric acid was used as a binder with difference content such as 10, 20, and 30% wt.  Those raw materials were mixed with tapioca starch, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and glutaraldehyde. The mixing material was hot pressed at 180 ℃ for 15 minutes. The composite dimension was 12 cm x 10 cm x 3 mm. The physical and mechanical properties of the composite were carried out. Considering the properties of the composite, sorghum bagasse and citric acid are suitable as raw material of food container composite.
Synthesis and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Lignocellulosic Biomass: Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches and Mahogany Sawdust Arundina, Ria Yolanda; Permana, Indri; Togatorop, Ester Rimma Suryani; Ismadi, Ismadi; Kusumah, Sukma Surya; Budiman, Ismail; Subyakto, Subyakto; Marlina, Resti
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 10, No 2 (2021): December 2021 [Nationally Accredited - Sinta 2]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v10i2.33488

Abstract

Lignocellulosic biomass is a biological residue from the agricultural or forestry industry which is composed of polymeric cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and other extractive components. One of the products in the utilization of lignocellulosic biomass waste is activated carbon products. In this study, two types of lignocellulosic biomass waste were used, namely Empty Palm Oil Bunches (OPEFB) and Mahogany Sawdust (MS) to be converted into activated carbon using the hydrothermal-pyrolysis method. Potassium hydroxide (KOH) was used as an activating agent at high concentrations (50% w/w) to improve the adsorption mechanism in activated carbon material. Proximate analysis was carried out to obtain information related to yield, moisture content, and ash content. In addition, activated carbon samples were characterized using FTIR, XRD, and FESEM to observe the chemical bonds, structure, and morphology of activated carbon, respectively. The proximate analysis showed that the activated carbon sample had met the SNI 63-3730-1995 standard for technical activated carbon on the parameters of water content and ash content, while the FTIR spectrum showed the mechanism of biomass conversion from raw materials to activated carbon on a chemical bond approach. Furthermore, the XRD graph shows a reduction in the crystal size of the material from raw material to activated carbon material. Finally, the FESEM image shows a significant increase in the quality and quantity of pores on the carbon material before and after activation.
Cellulose Isolation and Characterization of Green Seaweed C. Lentillifera from Halmahera, Indonesia Mentari, Puji Rizana Ayu; Andreansyah, Ilham; Amanda, Putri; Marlina, Resti; Suharti, Suharti; Agustina, Siti; Syamani, Firda Aulya
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 12, No 2 (2023): December 2023 [Nationally Accredited Sinta 2]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v12i2.44578

Abstract

Caulerpa lentillifera or known as sea grapes is a type of green seaweed which is rich of nutritional components and widespread in the tropical regions in Asia, including Indonesia. Moreover, C. lentillifera contains of polysaccharides, such as cellulose which has the potential to various applications. In this study, C. lentillifera collected from Halmahera, Indonesia was determined for its chemical compositions (moisture, ash, extractives, hemicellulose, α-cellulose contents) and was extracted to obtain cellulose. Isolation of cellulose from C. lentillifera was done by soxhlet extracted using ethanol-benzene solvent to remove extractives, boiling to increase the amount of cellulose extracted, H2O2 bleaching to eliminate any remaining pigments and other contaminants, and freeze drying to get coarse powder of cellulose. The moisture content, ash, extractives, hemicellulose, α-cellulose of C. lentillifera were 11.94%, 31.62%, 11.53%, 35.57%, and 7.95%, respectively. The yield of cellulose obtained was 31.13% based on seaweed dry weight. FE-SEM (Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscopy) analysis of C. lentillifera showed colonies of diatoms in elliptical shapes. FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) measurements indicating cellulose purity after extraction process. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis resulted some peaks of salt crystals in C. lentillifera and cellulose of C. lentillifera in amorphous form. After extraction, the crystallinity index of cellulose obtained was 37.3%.
Synthesis and Characterization of TiO2/CaTiO3 Perovskite Composite Derived from Pinctada maxima Shell Waste Kurniawidi, Dian W.; Rahayu, Susi; Budianto, Arif; Saputra, Kormil; Agista, Wida Puteri; Suprayogi, Thatit; Marlina, Resti
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): July
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2025.10.3.924-942

Abstract

This study has succeeded in synthesizing and characterizing TiO2/CaTiO3 perovskite composites using calcium carbonate (CaCO3) from shellfish waste (Pinctada maxima). Synthesis was carried out through the coprecipitation method with variations in the molar ratio of CaCO3:TiO2 and calcination temperatures (700oC, 800oC, and 900oC). Characterization was carried out using FTIR, DTA-TG, XRD, SEM-EDS, BET and UV-Vis. The results of the analysis showed that the calcination temperature affected the powder color, crystal structure, thermal properties and particle size. The DTA-TG analysis shows that increasing the calcination temperature up to 900oC significantly reduces mass loss to 51.88%, with minimal thermal events, indicating the formation of a thermally stable and well-crystallized TiO2/CaTiO3 structure. At a temperature of 900oC, a more perfect CaTiO3 was formed with the whitest powder color, the anatase and brookite phases of TiO2 were still detected, while the calcite phase was still found at a temperature of 700oC. The morphology of the samples showed agglomeration with increasingly uniform particle sizes at higher calcination temperatures. Complementary BET analysis confirms that the composite possesses a mesoporous structure with a specific surface area of 11.42 m2/g and a pore size distribution of 3-5 nm, making it suitable for adsorption and photocatalytic applications. UV-Vis analysis showed an increase in the band gap value along with the increase in the TiO2 ratio. This is also confirmed by the presence of Urbach energy which tends to increase with increasing TiO2 ratio.
Co-Authors Agista, Wida Puteri Amanda, Putri Andreansyah, Ilham Arif Budianto Arundina, Ria Yolanda Bambang Subiyanto, Bambang Budiman, Ismail Ismadi Ismadi Jayawarsa, A.A. Ketut Kormil Saputra Kurniawidi, Dian W. Kusumah, Sukma Surya Mentari, Puji Rizana Ayu Permana, Indri Siti Agustina, Siti Subyakto Subyakto Suryanegara, Lisman Susi Rahayu Syamani, Firda Aulya Thathit Suprayogi Togatorop, Ester Rimma Suryani