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Isolasi dan Identifikasi Morfologi serta Biokimia Khamir Hasil Isolasi dari Buah Tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum) yang Berpotensi menghasilkan Bioetanol Anggrayeni, Yesti Tri; Wijanarka, W; Kusdiyantini, Endang
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 21, No 1, Tahun 2019
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Bioethanol can be obtained from the fermentation process by using microorganisms such as yeast. One of the factors that affect height low bioethanol is a kind of yeast, and therefore the isolation and identification of yeast need to be done in order to obtain isolates potentially producing bioetanol. Yeast can be found in various environments, especially rich sugar substrate. Yeast usually living in fruits like tomatoes. This research aims to isolation and identifies yeast from tomatoes and the growth of yeast isolates at 50% glucose concentration test. The method of isolation was performed by streak method with the four scratch quadrant technique on YGP solid media. Identification of macroscopic and microscopic morphology in colonies and cell of yeast. Biochemical identification of the growth in liquid media, the fermentation of sugars test (glucose, galactose, sucrose, maltose, lactose), as well as the growth of yeast,Â isolates in 50% glucose medium. Determination of bioethanol content is done by distillation process and the measured weight with a pycnometer. The result from isolation yeast on tomato fruits obtained nine isolates is Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, Y5, Y6, Y7, Y8, Y9. Based on the identification of the morphology, biochemistry, as well as the growth of yeast isolates testing on 50% glucose concentrations of selected isolates Y2 alleged genus Debaryomyces sp. and is able producing ethanol of 8.7% v/v.

Aktivitas Inhibitor Î±-Amilase Ekstrak Etanol Tanaman Brotowali (Tinospora crispa L.) Pujiyanto, Sri; Wijanarka, W; Raharjo, Budi; Anggraeni, Via
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 21, No 2, Tahun 2019
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Brotowali plant (Tinospora crispa L.) is a traditional Indonesian medicinal plant which has many benefits including for diabetes drugs. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic abnormality caused by an increase in blood sugar levels. The purpose of this study was to determine the activity of Î±-amylase inhibitors of Brotowali (T. crispa L.) ethanol extract of plants. Extraction is done by maceration followed by evaporation. The extract obtained was tested for Î±-amylase inhibitor activity. The Î±-amylase inhibition test is based on the breakdown of starch substrates into maltose and glucose which is then determined by spectrophotometer after administration of DNS. Tests are carried out on controls and samples. As a substrate is 0.5% starch solution in 100 ml of sterile aquades. The reaction mixture was incubated 25 Â° C for 10 minutes. The reaction is stopped by adding 2 ml of 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS). All the mixed solutions are then heated to 100 Â° C for 5 minutes and allowed to cool. The change in color of the solution is then measured for its absorbance at a wavelength of 540 nm. As a comparison used a control test that did not use extract samples. The results of Î±-amylase inhibitor activity test showed that ethanol extract with a concentration of 1000 Î¼g / mL had the highest inhibitory activity value of 95.06% compared to extract concentration of 500 Î¼g / mL, 250 Î¼g / mL, 125 Î¼g / mL and 62.5 Î¼g / mL. The results of testing the effect of substrate concentration showed that 0.5% starch concentration had the highest inhibitory value of 9.52% compared to 2%, 1% and 0.25% concentrations

Produksi Enzim Selulase Dari Bakteri Serratia marcescens KE-B6 Dengan Penambahan Sumber Karbon, Nitrogen dan Kalsium Pada Medium Produksi Septiani, Arom; Wijanarka, W; Rukmi, MG Isworo
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 19, No. 2, Tahun 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

The waste of cellulose in the agro-industry can be reduced by decomposing the cellulose polymer into glucose. This process was carried out by cellulase enzyme (EC 3.2.1.4) produced by cellulolytic bacteria. Bacteria required food as nutrition to survived their life, can be obtained through growth medium or enzyme production medium. Carbon, nitrogen and calcium belong to the essential nutrients contained in growth medium and enzyme production medium. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the addition of carbon, nitrogen and calcium source and the time of incubation on the production of cellulase enzyme from Seratia marcescens KE-B6 bacteria. This research used Completely Randomized Design (RAL) of Factorial Pattern with two factors. The first factor is the type of medium, the first medium is the standard medium (M1) and the second medium is enriched with carbon, nitrogen and calcium sources (M2), the second factor is the incubation time with 5 repetitions. The enzyme production is measured by the reducing sugar method. The data obtained were analyzed using Anova. The results showed that the addition of carbon, nitrogen, and calcium sources and incubation time did not affect the production of cellulase enzyme by Serratia marcescens KE-B6.Â Keywords: Cellulose, Cellulase enzyme, Serratia marcescens

Pengaruh Variasi Suhu Dan Waktu Inkubasi Terhadap Aktivitas Enzim Selulase Dari Bakteri Serratia marcescens Kurniawati, Laily; Kusdiyantini, Endang; Wijanarka, W
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 23, No 1, Tahun 2021
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.23.1.33-42

Enzymes are biocatalysts in living cells when cells metabolize. All living organisms are produced enzymes, both humans, animals, plants and microorganisms. One of the bacteria that has the potential to produce cellulose (EC 3.2.1.4) enzymes is Serratia marcescens. These bacteria can be isolated from water, soil and digestive tract. This research aims to find out the types of enzymes produced by S. Marcescens, to examine the effect of temperature and incubation time on selected enzyme activity. The type of enzyme test was qualitatively determined by S. marcescens growth on the amylolytic, cellulolytic, pectinolytic and chitinolytic selective medium based on the clear zone. This research was used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The first factor was the incubation time (T) which were 4 hours (T4), 8 hours (T8) and 12 hours (T12). The second factor was the treatment of incubation temperature (S) which were 40oC (S1), 50oC (S2) and 60oC (S3). Each treatment was repeated in 3 times. The data were obtained then analyzed using Anova (Î± = 0.05). If it is significantly different, furthermore proceed with the T test (BNT). The results showed that S. marcescens qualitatively produced only clear zones in the cellulolytic medium of 5.1 mm. The ANOVA results showed that incubation temperature (S), the interaction between incubation time (T) and incubation temperature (S) were did not have effect on cellulase activity, whereas incubation time (T) Â gives a significant effect on cellulase activity were obtained at the incubation time for 12 hours (T12) with a value of 0.27 U / mL

Isolasi dan Pengaruh Monosodium Glutamat terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Proteolitik Limbah Cair Tahu Cahyaningrum, Emi; Wijanarka, W; Lunggani, Arina Tri
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 23, No 2, Tahun 2021
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.23.2.84-90

The tofu industry in Indonesia is growing rapidly. Tofu liquid waste is usually discharged into the waters and causes water pollution. An efficient way to overcome this problem is to utilize tofu liquid waste. Tofu liquid waste contains proteolytic bacteria that are useful in industry. The increase in bacterial growth is done by adding substances, one of which is the addition of Monosodium Glutamate (MSG). MSG contains glutamate which plays a role in protein synthesis. This study aims to isolate proteolytic bacteria and determine the effect of MSG on the growth of proteolytic bacteria in tofu liquid waste. The research methods included isolation, purification, morphological characterization, calculation of the Proteolytic Index (IP), testing the effect of MSG concentration on growth and protease activity, and data analysis. The MSG concentration used was 0 gr/L; 0.5 gr/L; 1 g/L and 1.5 g/L. The design used was Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The results obtained four isolates with different morphological characteristics. The isolate that had the highest IP value was the fourth isolate of 3,206 and was used for the test. The effect of MSG on growth and protease activity was highest at a concentration of 1.5 g/L at 24 hours. The highest protease enzyme activity was 0.0756 U/mL. The results of the ANOVA analysis showed a significant effect (p<0.05) on the administration of MSG on the growth of the four proteolytic bacterial isolates of tofu wastewater

Pengaruh Vitamin B Kompleks Pada Produksi Senyawa Antimicrobial Peptides dari Pediococcus pentosaceus Serta Uji Aktivitasnya Terhadap Bacillus cereus dan Eschericia coli Febrianty, Debby Ananda; Wijanarka, W; Rukmi, Isworo
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 23, No 2, Tahun 2021
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.23.2.133-142

Both eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms can produce antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) which function as a self-defense mechanism against other harmful organisms in the same ecological niche. Pediococcus pentosaceus is a species of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) capable of producing AMPs in the form of bacteriocins and bacterocin-like inhibitory substances. The compounds it produces have received Generally Regarded as Safe status by the Food and Drug Association (FDA) and have potential as biological preservatives in the food sector. The production of these compounds can be influenced by environmental factors and growth medium of producing bacteria, so that optimization studies for the production of bacteriocin have been developed, in order to obtain optimal its activity. Vitamin B Complex is one of the growth factors needed by living things including bacteria to support their metabolism. This study aims to determine whether the addition of vitamin B complex affects the production and activity of AMPs from P. pentosaceus. Vitamin B Complex concentrations of 0 ppm, 0.1 ppm, 1 ppm and 10 ppm were added to the production medium of P. pentosaceus. Cell-free supernatants were harvested by centrifugation, then their activity was tested against Bacillus cereus and Eschericia coli using the Kirby Bauer method and analyzed using one way ANOVA parametric statistical test with a significance level of 0.05 and Duncan's post hoc test. The results showed that the addition of vitamin B complex was not significantly different to the activity of AMPs compounds, but in higher concentrations could reduce the activity of these compounds.

Isolasi Bakteri Endofit dari Tanaman Bangle (Zingiber cassumunar Roxb.) dan Uji Aktivitas Antibakterinya terhadap Bakteri Penyebab Penyakit Kulit Staphylococcus epidermidis dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa Wulansari, Anggistina; Aqlinia, Maulida; Wijanarka, W; Raharja, Budi
Berkala Bioteknologi Vol. 2 No. 2 November 2019
Publisher : Berkala Bioteknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (331.673 KB)

Data fromthe Indonesian Health Profile 2010 showed that skin disease was ranked third of the 10 most common diseases in outpatients in hospitals Indonesia. Staphylococcus epidermidisand Pseudomonas aeruginosaare pathogenic bacteria that can cause skin diseases. The bangle plant (Zingiber cassumunar Roxb.) is one of the traditional medicinal plants that is widely used to treat skin diseases and has side effects that are safer than chemical drugs. Endophytic bacteria can produce the same antibacterial bioactive compounds as their host plants, so there is no need to cut down the original plants to be taken as simplicia. The purpose of this study was to isolate endophytic bacteria from bangle plants and find out their antibacterial activity in inhibiting the growth of bacterial causes of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The method used to test antibacterial activity is the diffusion method to use paperdisk. The isolation results obtained 16 bacterial isolates from the rhizomes, roots, stems and leaves. The screening results obtained 3 potential endophytic bacterial isolates namely Da_2 isolates from the leaf part, Ba_2 from the stem part and Ri_2 from the rhizome part. The antibacterial activity of supernatant Ba_2 isolates showed the best effect compared to the supernatant of Da_2 and Ri_2 isolates. The diameter of the largest inhibition zone in the Ba_2 isolate against S. epidemidis of 26 mm which can be categorized very strongly where as in isolates of endophytic bacteria Ba_2 against P. aeruginosa of 13,99 mm which is categorized as strong.Keywords: Antibacteria, Dermatitis, Endophyte,Zingiber cassumunar

Skrining Aktivitas Antibakteri dan Identifikasi Molekuler Berdasarkan Gen 16S rRNA Isolat Aktinomiset Asal Pulau Enggano dan Bali Nadina, Rahmah Qisti; Pujiyanto, Sri; Wijanarka, W; Fahrurrozi, Fahrurrozi
Berkala Bioteknologi Vol. 2 No. 2 November 2019
Publisher : Berkala Bioteknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (549.742 KB)

Actinomycetes are a Gram positive bacteria who plays an important role in pharmaceutical industry because of its ability to produce an antibacterial compound. This study aims to select actynomycetes isolates that has antibacterial activity and to identify the isolates based on 16S rRNA gene squence. The actinomycetes isolates were inoculated using ISP-2 medium and cultured in SYP (starch, yeast, peptone) media for 13 days. The cultures were extracted using etyl acetate solvent and antibacterial activity was tested against Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coliusing agar diffusion method.Positive isolates were identified based on 16S rRNA gene sequence. The 16S rRNA gene from positive isolates was sequenced and analyzed with computerized help and was deposited at NCBI. The antibacterial activity test revealed 5 from 22 isolates had an antebacterial activity shown by the clear zone around the whatman filter paper on both tested bacteria. The identification revealed these five isolates were identified asStreptomyces mutabilis, Streptomyces sp, and Streptomyces griseorubens. This study shows these isolates from Enggano and Bali Island are potential as antibacteri producer. Keywords : actynomycetes, antibacterial activity, 16S rRNA

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