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Sarcasm in Nadine Courtney's All-American Muslim Girl Salsabila, Khirza; Djohar, Hasnul Insani
HUMANIKA Vol 30, No 2 (2023): December
Publisher : Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/humanika.v30i2.57544

This research examines how prejudice appears in Nadine Courtney’s All American Muslim Girl (2019) and investigates how the novel uses sarcasm to resist prejudice. This research engages with Elisabeth Camp's sarcasm theory and Gordon Willard Allport's concept of prejudice. Employing a qualitative research methodology, the research utilizes close textual analysis to dissect dialogues among characters as the primary data source. Based on the research findings, this research identifies two levels of prejudice within the novel All American Muslim Girl. The findings show that sarcasm is a useful technique for expressing opposition and resisting prejudice. By using biting and sarcastic words, it can effectively counter prejudice and stereotypes. In conclusion, through biting and satirical language, the characters adeptly contradicted stereotypes and resisted prejudice, emphasizing sarcasm's unique potential as an intelligent aesthetic and social strategy. This research underlines the importance of sarcasm in fostering insightful dialogue and promoting social change by countering prejudice in contemporary Muslimah or Muslim women’s literature.

INDIAN-AMERICANS IDENTITY IN “THIS BLESSED HOUSE” SHORT STORY Maulida, Lifia; Farkhan, Muhammad; Djohar, Hasnul Insani
PARADIGM: Journal of Language and Literary Studies Vol 5, No 1 (2022): Paradigm: Journal of Language and Literary Studies
Publisher : Department of English Literature, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/prdg.v5i1.13398

This research discusses the identity of indian immigrants especially the main characters, Sanjeev and Twinkle, in the short story “This Blessed House” by Jhumpa Lahiri. The theory used in this research is cultural studies theory by Stuart Hall and combining with character and characterization theory of fiction. This research focuses on the habits of an indian immgirants who lived in Connecticut, the United states, and also the factors that made the main characters have different identity. The husband has a stable identity and trying to maintain Indian culture while his wife acting like an American. As Twinkle shows that she loses her origin identity, which is indian, because she does not preserve her identity strongly and Sanjeev succeeds to carry his Indian identity to their household because Sanjeev has a strong Indian culture. Compared to Twinkle, Sanjeev was more recently living in America. So Twinkle has been exposed to American culture longer than Sanjeev.

Stigmatization of Muslim in Karim Miské’s Arab Jazz: an Orientalism Study Hidayah, Lutfi Nur; Djohar, Hasnul Insani
Journal of English Teaching, Applied Linguistics and Literatures (JETALL) Vol 7, No 1 (2023): JETALL VOLUME 7 NUMBER 1 2024
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jetall.v7i1.19042

Although Islam is the second largest religion in France, it is still a minority compared to the overall population. As in other Western countries, Muslims who are in the minority find it difficult to adapt to their surroundings. Apart from the significant cultural differences, mistreatment by the local population, such as isolation and neglect, is also a contributing factor. Muslims have long been the subject of ridicule and victims of the bad stigma of Western society, various slanders are directed at Muslim minorities there with the assumption that Muslim minorities in the West are very easy to be used as scapegoats for all the actions they have committed. Of the many previous studies that discuss how Muslim minorities struggle to survive in an environment that often discriminates against them because of differences in culture and appearance, researchers rarely or almost do not find research that discusses how Muslim minorities survive being scapegoated by Westerners in murder cases in the area where they live there. The researchers here want to focus on how Muslims face various discriminations, especially being scapegoated by Westerners in Karim Miské's Arab Jazz. By using a qualitative approach, the researchers collected and analyze the data using Said’s orientalism theory as the main theory, Goffman’s stigma theory and Bhabha’s mimicry as the supporting theory to classify the stigma and explain the resistance towards the Muslim stigmatization.

Muslimah Creativity, Piety, and Solidarity in Mohja Kahf’s Hagar Poems Djohar, Hasnul Insani; Oktaviano, Willy; Utami, Mira
NOBEL: Journal of Literature and Language Teaching Vol. 15 No. 1 (2024): APRIL
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/NOBEL.2024.15.1.105-118

This paper investigates how Kahf’s poetry collection, Hagar Poems (2016), discovers Muslim women or Muslimah leadership by exploring Muslimah leaders, such as Hagar (Hajar), Khadija, and Aisha to undermine reductionist views of Muslim women both in Orientalism and Anglo-American feminism. In doing so, Kahf uses the strategies of juxtaposition, humor, and irreverence by connecting Muslimah ancient leaders to her contemporary speakers who are crisscrossing Islamic traditions and American popular culture. By engaging with postcolonial and gender studies with the frameworks of leadership and Islamic studies, this paper investigates how Kahf’s women juxtapose ancient folkloric tales and American popular cultures, both to establish their multiple identities and leadership and to illuminate contemporary resonances of ancient Muslimah leaders in the eyes of subsequent generations. Indeed, the patterns of Muslimah leadership in Kahf’s poems are represented as engaging with the ideas of creativity, piety, and solidarity; and these patterns work to question the exclusion of Muslimah leadership in both gender and orientalist debates. Thus, Kahf’s Hagar Poems explores the representation of Muslim women from Islamic history who serve as role models, having displayed heroic characteristics through their leadership.

Homesickness in Dur E Aziz Amna's American Fever Attiba, Khoirotul; Djohar, Hasnul Insani; Savira, Putri; Salsabila, Yasmina Shafa
Muslim English Literature Vol 2, No 2 (2023): Muslim English Literature
Publisher : UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/mel.v2i2.30012

This study discusses the main sources of homesickness among the characters as the loss of family and culture, the unattainable dream of returning home, and the challenges of adapting to a new environment. The research reveals factors causing homesickness experienced by diaspora characters, as seen in the protagonist of Dur e Aziz Amna’s American Fever. The researchers analyze the issues of homesickness with diaspora literary perspectives. This study engages with diaspora studies, especially Stuart Hall's theory of cultural identity and diaspora. The result shows that diaspora individuals typically have expectations and admiration of their cherished homeland to overcome their homesickness. The cultural differences, the expectation for home, and the unfamiliarity with the home create a longing for the homeland's homesickness. The more the characters spend time in the United States, the more they realize how distant it is from what they had expected about the beauty of their homeland. Thus, they keep admiring their homelands and accept the differences and unfamiliarity to overcome their homesickness.

Women and Nature in Homeira Qaderi's Dancing in the Mosque: An Afghan Mother's Letter to Her Son Apriatin, Sri Nurul; Djohar, Hasnul Insani
Muslim English Literature Vol. 1 No. 1 (2022): Muslim English Literature
Publisher : UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/mel.v1i1.26446

This study explores the relationship between gender and nature in Homeira Qaderi’s Dancing in the Mosque: An Afghan Mother's Letter to Her Son (2020). By engaging with gender studies and ecofeminism, this study aims to evaluate the aesthetic strategies that the author uses to portray the impact of the patriarchal system on Afghanistan Muslim women in Qaderi’s memoir. This paper discovers how the protagonist, Homeira, is depicted as the victim of a male-dominated system in multiple aspects of her life. Indeed, the memoir depicts gender discrimination and gender stereotyping that affected Homeira's life as a marginalized person for decades. Furthermore, Homeira realizes that she should become a pioneer in empowering women to resist the patriarchal system in her country through many symbols, including the symbols of nature, as literary devices. Arguably, within the patriarchal ideology, several values of nature and women as the feminine aspect are seemingly used to oppress women because of the biological aspect of women as reproducing, nurturing, and breastfeeding. To challenge this female oppression, the author uses the symbol of nature, such as wings, birds, phoenix, and spiders, to depict how Homeira’s struggles to achieve her freedom and gender justice. Indeed, the author also uses the symbol of books and stories to reveal how Homeira struggles to achieve higher education. Thus, Qaderi’s memoir complicates the ideas of gender and nature to undermine the patriarchal system in her memoir set in Afghanistan and the US.

Islamic Values and Education in Sufiya Ahmed’s Secrets of the Henna Girl Chaliza, Annisa Nur; Djohar, Hasnul Insani
Muslim English Literature Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022): Muslim English Literature
Publisher : UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/mel.v1i2.27914

This research examines how Sufiya Ahmed’s Secrets of Henna Girl challenges patriarchal practices by depicting the female character as struggling to fight for their rights through Islamic values and education. By using qualitative methods and close textual analysis, this research examines how the novel opposes to patriarchal culture and the misconception of Islam as a religion that supports discrimination against women. Indeed, the novel uses literary devices to portray patriarchal culture with the following aspects: the female characters experience patriarchal abuse by depicting men as Tiger King represents powerful men. Secondly, the female characters deal with patriarchal system by depicting women as witches representing powerful women. Thirdly, women experienced patriarchal abuse are depicted through the metaphor of glass vases and sacrificed lambs. Fourthly, the characters are depicted as a drama queen if they pursue their educations and careers. Although this novel is seemingly depicted women as the victims of patriarchal system, they are able to resist this system by using Islamic tenets and values, especially the Quran and hadiths. Furthermore, it is found that even though the female characters receive so many patriarchal practices, the novel can depict them as resisting patriarchy through education and Islamic values. Thus, the novel uses Qur’an, hadith, and Islamic teachings as a way to resist the misconception of Islam as a religion that supports discrimination against women.

Homesickness in Dur E Aziz Amna's American Fever Attiba, Khoirotul; Djohar, Hasnul Insani; Savira, Putri; Salsabila, Yasmina Shafa
Muslim English Literature Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): Muslim English Literature
Publisher : UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/mel.v2i2.30012

This study discusses the main sources of homesickness among the characters as the loss of family and culture, the unattainable dream of returning home, and the challenges of adapting to a new environment. The research reveals factors causing homesickness experienced by diaspora characters, as seen in the protagonist of Dur e Aziz Amna’s American Fever. The researchers analyze the issues of homesickness with diaspora literary perspectives. This study engages with diaspora studies, especially Stuart Hall's theory of cultural identity and diaspora. The result shows that diaspora individuals typically have expectations and admiration of their cherished homeland to overcome their homesickness. The cultural differences, the expectation for home, and the unfamiliarity with the home create a longing for the homeland's homesickness. The more the characters spend time in the United States, the more they realize how distant it is from what they had expected about the beauty of their homeland. Thus, they keep admiring their homelands and accept the differences and unfamiliarity to overcome their homesickness.

Combating the War on Terror in Kamila Shamsie’s Home Fire (2017) Djohar, Hasnul Insani; Jayanti, Iin Dwi; Tayem, Nada
Muslim English Literature Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024): Muslim English Literature
Publisher : UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/mel.v3i1.30854

This paper investigates how Kamila Shamsie’s Home Fire (2017) resists the ideas of the War on Terror by using symbols, metaphors, and irony. This paper employs a qualitative method particularly close textual analysis. It engages with Bill Ascroft’s theory of postcolonialism to reveal the resistance of British Pakistanis to fight against the mantra of the War on Terror, which led to anti-Muslim racism in Britain. In doing so, Shamsie’s Home Fire undermines the ideology of the War on Terror by using literary devices mentioned previously and by representing how the three protagonists use essays and news to fight against neo-imperialist policies. Thus, Shamsie’s novel delves into the slogan of the War on Terror, using essays and news to challenge anti-Muslim racism in Great Britain, particularly in the aftermath of the 9/11 attack in the US. This novel reveals the connection between British colonialism and US imperialism in periods of global transnational capitalism rooted in white supremacy.

Motherhood and Trauma in Wartime: A Postcolonial Feminist Reading of a Golden Age Haris, Muhammad Naufal; Djohar, Hasnul Insani
Journal Corner of Education, Linguistics, and Literature Vol. 5 No. 001 (2025): Special Issues
Publisher : CV. Tripe Konsultan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54012/jcell.v5i001.538

This paper explored how Tahmima Anam’s A Golden Age reimagines women’s roles in wartime through the lens of postcolonial feminist theory. Centering on the character Rehana Haque, a mother navigating the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War, the analysis highlights how motherhood, emotional labor, and trauma become politicized forms of resistance. Drawing on theoretical insights from Chandra Talpade Mohanty, Gayatri Spivak, Veena Das, and others, the study demonstrates how Rehana’s domestic and relational actions challenge dominant, masculinist narratives of nationalism. The paper argues that Rehana’s maternal identity is a site of situated agency, where caregiving and emotional endurance serve as political acts that sustain revolutionary efforts. Furthermore, the novel critiques the symbolic ideal of the “mother of the nation,” replacing it with a complex portrayal of lived experience, grief, and resilience. By foregrounding the gendered dimensions of trauma and memory, this study contributes to feminist and postcolonial literary criticism and calls for a redefinition of heroism that includes the emotional and domestic labor of women during national struggles.

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