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All Journal JURNAL ENGGANO JURNAL METEOROLOGI DAN GEOFISIKA International Journal of Research in Community Services Indonesian Journal of Oceanography Jurnal Meteorologi dan Geofisika Bulletin of Geology
Anwar, Iwan Pramesti
Kelompok Keahlian/Keilmuan Oseanogrrafi Lingkungan Dan Terapan, Fakultas Ilmu Dan Teknologi Kebumian, Institut Teknologi Bandung
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Energy Engineering Environmental Science Physics Social Sciences Other

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ANALISIS KARAKTERISTIK ARUS LAUT DAN TRANSPOR MASSA AIR DI PERAIRAN SEKITAR PULAU ENGGANO DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL NUMERIK 3D Iwan Pramesti Anwar; Mukti Dono Wilopo; Aulia Try Atmojo
JURNAL ENGGANO Vol. 6 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31186/jenggano.6.2.%p

Abstract

GLORYS12V1 merupakan produk dari model numerik 3 dimensi fisika oseanografi dengan resolusi horizontal 1/12o x 1/12o (sekitar 8 km x 8 km) dan 50-layer terhadap kedalaman. Arus laut merupakan salah satu parameter dinamika oseanografi yang berhasil disimulasikan dengan baik oleh model tersebut. Arus laut terhadap kedalaman dapat digunakan untuk kajian tranpor volume. Dengan menggunakan GLORYS12V1 dapat dikaji arus permukaan dan transpor volume rata-rata bulanan di perairan sekitar Pulau Enggano dan sekitarnya selama tahun 2013. Kecepatan arus permukaan bervariasi antara 0-0,75 m/detik. Sementara itu, untuk arus terhadap kedalaman berkisar antara 0-1 m/detik dengan arah dan besar arus bervariasi terhadap kedalaman. Bahkan untuk bulan-bulan tertentu antara permukaan hingga kedalaman 50 m arah nya berbeda dengan kedalaman >50 m hingga dasar. Arus terhadap kedalaman di barat laut dengan tenggara Pulau Enggano memiliki perbedaan arah pada bulan-bulan musim peralihan seperti April dan November. Sementara untuk besarnya relatif sama yaitu pada kisaran 0-1 m/detik. Kemudian transpor volume terhadap kedalaman yang melalui perairan antara Pulau Enggano dengan daratan Sumatra berkisar antara -2 Sv sampai 2 Sv, (1 Sv=106 m3/detik). Nilai positif (negatif) menunjukan arah transport ke barat laut (tenggara). Transpor maksimum berada pada kedalaman 100-700 m pada bulan April-Mei dan Oktober-November menuju barat laut sedangkan bulan Februari-Maret dan Juni-Juli menuju tenggara. Perbedaan arah transpor terhadap kedalaman terjadi pada bulan Februari-Maret (musim barat) dan Juni-Juli (musim timur). Sedangkan pada musim peralihan I dan peralihan II transpor terhadap kedalaman arahnya cenderung seragam yaitu menuju tenggara. Korelasi antara transpor volume dengan kecepatan angin lokal menunjukan kuat searah dari permukaan hingga kedalaman 20 m. Selanjutnya, dari kedalaman 20-300 m korelasi tranpor volume dengan angin berlawanan. Terakhir, dari kedalaman 300 m hingga dasar korelasinya searah namun tidak signifikan. Hal tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa kecepatan arus dan transpor volume di Perairan Pulau Enggano dan sekitarnya dipengaruhi oleh kecepatan angin lokal untuk permukaan - 20 m dan pengaruh regional untuk kedalaman > 20 m. KATA KUNCI: Perairan Pulau Enggano, Arus Laut, Transpor VolumeABSTRACTGLORYS12V1 is a product of a 3-dimensional numerical model of oceanographic physics with a horizontal resolution of 1/12o x 1/12o (approximately 8 km x 8 km) and 50 layers to depth. Ocean currents are one of the parameters of oceanographic dynamics which the model has successfully simulated. Ocean currents to depth can be used for volume transport studies. Thus, by using GLORYS12V1, it is possible to study the average monthly surface currents and transport volumes in the waters around Enggano Island and its surroundings during 2013. The surface current velocity varies between 0-0.75 m/s. Meanwhile, current with depth ranged from 0-1 m/s with the direction and magnitude of the currents vary with depth. Even for certain months, the direction is different between the surface to a depth of 50 m, with a depth of > 50 m to the bottom. Currents to deep in the northwest and southeast of Enggano Island have different directions in the transitional season months, such as April and November. Meanwhile, the magnitude is relatively the same, namely in the range of 0-1 m/s. Then the transport volume to depth through the waters between Enggano Island and mainland Sumatra ranges from -2 Sv to 2 Sv, (1 Sv=106 m3/s). A positive (negative) value indicates the direction of transport to the northwest (southeast). Maximum transport is at a depth of 100-700 m in April-May and October-November towards the northwest while February-March and June-July towards the southeast. The difference in transport direction with depth occurs in February-March (west season) and June-July (eastern season). Meanwhile, in transition seasons I and II, the direction of transport towards depth tends to be uniform, namely towards the southeast. The correlation between volume transport and local wind speed shows the unidirectional strength from the surface to a depth of 20 m. Furthermore, from a depth of 20 m-300 m, the volume transport correlates with the opposite wind. Finally, from a depth of 300 m to the base, the correlation is unidirectional but not significant. This indicates that current velocity and volume transport in the waters of Enggano Island and its surroundings are influenced by local wind speeds for surface – 20 m and regional influences for depths > 20. KEYWORDS : Enggano Island’s waters, Sea current, Volume transport
SUHU PERMUKAAN DAN KANDUNGAN PANAS LAUT PERAIRAN INDONESIA DALAM SATU ABAD TERAKHIR Mutiara Rachmat Putri; Iwan Pramesti Anwar; Ayi Tarya; Idris Mandang
Jurnal Meteorologi dan Geofisika Vol 23, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan BMKG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (444.987 KB) | DOI: 10.31172/jmg.v23i2.841

Abstract

Histori kenaikan suhu permukaan laut (SPL) telah terjadi sejak revolusi industri dunia. Secara alamiah kejadian letusan gunung yang dahsyat dapat pula mempengaruhi suhu air laut hingga kedalaman laut tertentu. Suhu air laut ini sangat mempengaruhi kandungan panas laut, yang berperan penting dalam mengatur kondisi iklim yang terjadi di bumi. Kandungan panas laut di Perairan Indonesia dihitung menggunakan data temperatur berdasarkan data Met Office Hadley Observation “EN 4.1.1” yang merupakan hasil model numerik dan asimilasi data pengamatan, dengan resolusi ruang 1o x 1o dan rentang waktu bulanan dari tahun 1901-2015 atau selama 115 tahun. Kandungan panas laut dihitung di kedalaman 0-100 m dan total kedalaman perairan Indonesia. Kandungan panas laut permukaan di Indonesia dari tahun 1901-2015 mengalami kenaikan sebesar 2x1014 J, namun sebaliknya di kedalaman total turun sebesar -2x1014 J. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terjadi perubahan iklim dari interaksi laut udara di permukaan laut, yang ditunjukkan pula adanya trend kenaikan SPL dalam kurun waktu 115 tahun. Pengaruh dari Samudra Pasifik yang masuk melalui Sistem Arus Laut Indonesia diperkirakan menjadi penggerak utama kenaikan kandungan panas laut di Indonesia. Selama indeks Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) memiliki fase positif menyebabkan turunnya kandungan panas di Perairan Indonesia dan sebaliknya fase negatif PDO menyebabkan naiknya kandungan panas laut rata-rata.
SUHU PERMUKAAN DAN KANDUNGAN PANAS LAUT PERAIRAN INDONESIA DALAM SATU ABAD TERAKHIR Mutiara Rachmat Putri; Iwan Pramesti Anwar; Ayi Tarya; Idris Mandang
Jurnal Meteorologi dan Geofisika Vol. 23 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan BMKG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31172/jmg.v23i2.841

Abstract

Histori kenaikan suhu permukaan laut (SPL) telah terjadi sejak revolusi industri dunia. Secara alamiah kejadian letusan gunung yang dahsyat dapat pula mempengaruhi suhu air laut hingga kedalaman laut tertentu. Suhu air laut ini sangat mempengaruhi kandungan panas laut, yang berperan penting dalam mengatur kondisi iklim yang terjadi di bumi. Kandungan panas laut di Perairan Indonesia dihitung menggunakan data temperatur berdasarkan data Met Office Hadley Observation “EN 4.1.1” yang merupakan hasil model numerik dan asimilasi data pengamatan, dengan resolusi ruang 1o x 1o dan rentang waktu bulanan dari tahun 1901-2015 atau selama 115 tahun. Kandungan panas laut dihitung di kedalaman 0-100 m dan total kedalaman perairan Indonesia. Kandungan panas laut permukaan di Indonesia dari tahun 1901-2015 mengalami kenaikan sebesar 2x1014 J, namun sebaliknya di kedalaman total turun sebesar -2x1014 J. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terjadi perubahan iklim dari interaksi laut udara di permukaan laut, yang ditunjukkan pula adanya trend kenaikan SPL dalam kurun waktu 115 tahun. Pengaruh dari Samudra Pasifik yang masuk melalui Sistem Arus Laut Indonesia diperkirakan menjadi penggerak utama kenaikan kandungan panas laut di Indonesia. Selama indeks Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) memiliki fase positif menyebabkan turunnya kandungan panas di Perairan Indonesia dan sebaliknya fase negatif PDO menyebabkan naiknya kandungan panas laut rata-rata.
Analisis Parameter Laut-Atmosfer terhadap Anomali Tinggi Muka Air di Laut Jawa Anwar, Iwan Pramesti; Setiawan, Agus; Herho, Sandy H. S.; Atmojo, Aulia Try; Khadami, Faruq
Indonesian Journal of Oceanography Vol 6, No 4 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Oceanography
Publisher : University of Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/potensi.%Y.24645

Abstract

Kenaikan permukaan air laut merupakan ancaman serius di kawasan pesisir, khususnya di kota-kota pelabuhan seperti Jakarta, Semarang, dan Surabaya yang terletak di Laut Jawa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis interaksi antara anomali tinggi muka air laut dari data satelit Altimetri AVISO, suhu permukaan laut, dan faktor oseanografi serta atmosfer lainnya. Peningkatan suhu permukaan laut akibat variasi iklim berkontribusi pada ekspansi termal air laut, yang pada gilirannya meningkatkan rata-rata tinggi muka air laut. Dinamika perairan yang menyebabkan anomali tinggi muka air laut secara spasial, dipengaruhi oleh pola musim dan fenomena seperti ekman transport, teramati berperan penting dalam redistribusi suhu permukaan air laut. Puncak anomali tinggi muka air laut terjadi pada bulan Mei, dengan tinggi anomali mencapai +0,2 m, yang bersamaan dengan suhu air laut sebesar 32°C dan transport ekman ke arah selatan. Sehingga, secara spasial anomali tinggi muka air lebih tinggi di pantai utara Pulau Jawa. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa anomali tinggi muka air laut berkorelasi positif dengan suhu permukaan laut. Melalui analisis Principal Component Analysis (PCA), ditemukan bahwa dua komponen utama (F1 dan F2) menyumbang total 78,47% dari variabilitas data, dengan F1 menjelaskan 58,86% dan F2 menjelaskan 19,61%. Hubungan antara suhu permukaan laut dan anomali tinggi muka air laut tercermin pada vektor yang lebih panjang, menunjukkan pengaruh signifikan kedua variabel ini terhadap dinamika laut. Temuan penelitian ini memberikan wawasan penting untuk pengelolaan sumber daya kelautan dan strategi penanggulangan dampak variasi iklim yang lebih efektif di wilayah pesisir.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE 2018 KRAKATAU TSUNAMI GENERATED BY FLANK COLLAPSE AND ASESSMENT OF TSUNAMI HEIGHT IN PANDEGLANG REGENCY Latief, Hamzah; ISNAENI, KHOLILLAH YUDICIA; PUTRI, MUTIARA RACHMAT; FAIZIN, HAEKAL YUSRIL; DIASTOMO, HANIF; Anwar, Iwan Pramesti
Bulletin of Geology Vol 7 No 1 (2023): Bulletin of Geology
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu dan Teknologi Kebumian (FITB), Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/bull.geol.2023.7.1.4

Abstract

This study aims to reconstruct the tsunami event on December 22, 2018, due to the eruption of Anak Krakatau Volcano, which caused a flank collapse and generated an underwater landslide. Then this landslide caused a tsunami that impacted the coast of the Sunda Strait, especially on the coast of Pandeglang Regency. Based on satellite imagery, it is known that the landslide source came from the southwestern part of Anak Krakatau's wall moving down the former caldera wall of the 1883 Krakatau volcanic eruption. The mount grew again and was known as Anak Krakatau Volcano and appeared above sea level in 1929 and continued to grow. Subsequently, several eruptions spewed sediment deposits that had accumulated on the edges and foot of the mount. These sediments increased and became unstable, causing flank collapse and triggering underwater landslides. Several simulation scenarios have been carried out to obtain the best model that can represent the 2018 Anak Krakatau Tsunami with landslide parameters, namely: the volume of the landslide is 0.276 km3, the duration of propagation is 410 seconds, the inclination angle is 8.2°, and the length of the landslide trajectory is 3435 meters. The waveform generated as a tsunami source is in the form of wave peaks in the direction of the slide and wave valleys on the back of the slide. Furthermore, this wave propagated in all directions but primarily focused on the southwest, i.e., Panaitan Island and Pandeglang Regency. Tsunami simulations show that the tsunami reached: Panaitan Island and Pandeglang Regency at 58-60 minutes, Kota Agung (Lampung) at 42 minutes, and Ciwandan (Banten) at 46 minutes after the landslide with a tsunami height of 5.01m, 0.9 m, and 0.7 m respectively, with a maximum tsunami wave height of 18.6 m on Panaitan Island. Furthermore, it is known that five areas in Pandeglang Regency fall into the high tsunami hazard category with a tsunami height of more than 3 m, namely Panaitan Island, Ujungkulon District, Sumur, Panimbang, and Labuhan. By accurately knowing the distribution of tsunami height and estimating the time of arrival of the tsunami in the affected area and the inundation area, an early warning system and mitigation efforts can be planned, such as spatial planning and other actions. Key words: Anak Krakatau tsunami, numerical simulation, flank collapse, underwater landslide, Pandeglang Regency
Analyzing Benthic Distribution and Public Infrastructure to Support Tourism Zoning on Tunda Island Subiyanto; Abdurrahman, Umar; Khadami, Faruq; Anwar, Iwan Pramesti
International Journal of Research in Community Services Vol. 6 No. 3 (2025): International Journal of Research in Community Service (IJRCS)
Publisher : Research Collaboration Community (Rescollacom)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46336/ijrcs.v6i3.629

Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of benthic habitat distribution and public infrastructure on Tunda Island, aimed at developing effective tourism zoning strategies. By integrating high-resolution spatial data derived from field surveys and remote sensing technologies, including multispectral imagery and Geographic Information System (GIS) methodologies, the research delineates distinct zones optimal for diverse tourism activities. The findings indicate that the southern and southeastern parts of the island, characterized by sandy substrates and proximity to resorts and docks, are well-suited for intensive tourism. Conversely, the northern and northwestern regions, dominated by coral and rocky substrates, are proposed for conservation-oriented educational tourism due to their rich biodiversity. The research also highlights the potential of community-based tourism facilitated by existing public infrastructure such as schools and mosques, which supports local engagement in tourism development. The resultant zoning map serves as a vital tool for local authorities and stakeholders in Tunda Island, guiding sustainable tourism management practices that value ecological integrity and community involvement. This study underscores the importance of interdisciplinary approaches in ecological monitoring and tourism planning, contributing to the broader discourse on sustainable practices in small island contexts
Proyeksi Kenaikan Muka Air Laut dan Dampaknya berdasarkan skenario Shared Socioeconomic Pathways di Pulau Enggano tahun 2020-2150 Anwar, Iwan Pramesti; Suci, An Nisa Nurul; Wilopo, Mukti Dono; Atmojo, Aulia Try; Khadami, Faruq
JURNAL ENGGANO Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31186/jenggano.10.2.49-61

Abstract

Global climate change is causing significant impacts across various regions of the world, one of which is the rise in sea level in Pulau Enggano. Utilizing The NASA Sea Level Projection Tool and The Coastal Risk Screening Tools, this research successfully analyzes the projections of sea level rise and coastal inundation areas in Pulau Enggano. Seven Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP) scenarios for the years 2050, 2100, and 2150 are analyzed. The analysis results indicate significant risks: by 2050, the rise in sea level is expected to range from 0.05 m to 0.2 m, with inundated areas remaining limited, primarily affecting a small part of the Tanjung Laksaha nature reserve. The average rate of sea level increase during this period varies between 4 mm/year and 12 mm/year. In 2100, projections show that the inundated areas will expand, with optimistic scenarios like SSP1-1.9 estimating a rise of about 0.4 m, while pessimistic scenarios such as SSP5-8.5 could reach 0.89 m. This sea level rise indicates an increased risk of damage to infrastructure. Meanwhile, by 2150, nearly the entire northern and eastern coast of the island is expected to be submerged, with optimistic scenarios showing lower increases compared to pessimistic scenarios, which could exceed 2.5 m. These findings underscore the urgent need for adaptation and mitigation strategies to ensure the sustainability of Pulau Enggano in the future.   Keywords: Sea level rise, Climate Change, inundation map, Enggano Island
Co-Authors Abdurrahman, Umar Atmojo, Aulia Try Aulia Try Atmojo Ayi Tarya Diastomo, Hanif FAIZIN, HAEKAL YUSRIL Faruq Khadami Hamzah Latief Herho, Sandy H. S. Idris Mandang Isnaeni, Kholillah Yudicia Mukti Dono Wilopo Mutiara Rachmat Putri Mutiara Rachmat Putri Putri, Mutiara Rachmat Subiyanto Suci, An Nisa Nurul