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All Journal JURNAL ELEKTRONIK FAKULTAS SASTRA UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI JURNAL LPPM BIDANG EKOSOSBUDKUM Culturalistics: Journal of Cultural, Literary, and Linguistic Studies Tulisan Ilmiah Pariwisata (TULIP) International Review of Humanities Studies Paratext: Journal of Language and Literature
Senduk, Arter Jodi
Universitas Sam Ratulangi
Arts Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Library & Information Science Social Sciences

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CODE SWITCHING IN PUELLA YOUTUBE CHANNEL Bryan Kenny Macpal; Andriyani Marentek; Arter Jodi Senduk
Paratext: International Journal of Language and Literature Vol 2 No 1 (2026): Paratext: Journal of Language and Literature
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35796/pj.v2i1.66559

Abstract

This article, entitled “Code Switching in Puella YouTube Channel”, aims to identify, analyze, and describe the types of code switching and the reasons for their use in ten selected episodes of the Puella YouTube Channel. The study employs a descriptive qualitative method. Bullock and Toribio’s (2009) theory is used to classify types of code switching, while Holmes' (2013) theory is used to analyze the reasons. The findings show three types of code switching: 620 instances of intra-sentential switching, 392 instances of inter-sentential switching, and 131 instances of tag switching total of all is 1,143. The analysis of the reasons shows that 265 lines contain functions related to identity and relationships (50), status and formality (44), topic (49), quoting dialogue (19), affective function (46), rhetorical or metaphorical switching (42), and humor or playfulness (15). The results indicate that code switching in the Puella YouTube Channel is used not only for linguistic convenience but also to express social meaning and manage interpersonal communication.
THE ROLE OF WOMEN IN EDUCATION AS SEEN IN THE FILM MONA LISA SMILE DIRECTED ED BY MIKE NEWELL Delia Mamonto; Stephani Johana Sigarlaki; Arter J. Senduk
Paratext: International Journal of Language and Literature Vol 2 No 1 (2026): Paratext: Journal of Language and Literature
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35796/pj.v2i1.66898

Abstract

This research analyzes the role of women in education as represented in the film Mona Lisa Smile (2003) directed by Mike Newell. The study aims to identify the traditional roles imposed on women in the 1950s and to examine how these roles are constructed through cinematic representation. This research applies feminist theory, particularly Betty Friedan’s concept of The Feminine Mystique and Stephanie Coontz’s analysis of postwar domestic ideology, to explore how women’s education was directed toward marriage and domestic fulfillment rather than intellectual independence or professional careers. In addition, Mario Klarer’s film theory, especially the spatial and acoustic dimensions, is used to analyze how visual composition, classroom space, and sound elements reinforce gender expectations. This study employs a descriptive qualitative method, using dialogues and selected scenes as primary data supported by relevant academic sources. The findings reveal several traditional educational roles, including educated companion, intelligent homemaker, consumerism agent, pressure to abandon education for marriage, decline of professional ambition, and sex-directed curriculum. The research concludes that the film critiques restrictive gender norms while simultaneously presenting education as a potential space for women’s resistance, self-awareness, and empowerment.
Collective Memory: Moral and Cultural Values on The Songs of Makalelon-Makaaruyen: Oral Tradition of Tontemboan Minahasa Arter Jodi Senduk; Tatiana Stary Claudia; Buyung Ade Saputra
Culturalistics: Journal of Cultural, Literary, and Linguistic Studies Vol 9, No 2 (2025): Culturalistics: Journal of Cultural, Literary, and Linguistics Studies (December
Publisher : English Literature Study Program, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ca.v9i2.30048

Abstract

This article examines the oral tradition of Makalelon-Makaaruyen songs among the Tontemboan Minahasa people, a traditional sub-ethnic song form originating from the Minahasan community in Indonesia. Performed in Tontemboan, Manado Malay, and Indonesian, these songs serve as repositories of collective memory, preserving moral teachings and cultural values across generations. This study underscores the enduring role of these songs in upholding moral and cultural principles, collective memory, and cultural continuity, emphasizing the importance of oral tradition in sustaining identity and values among the Tontemboan Minahasa. Functioning as a medium of cultural transmission, the songs embody prayers, petitions, social virtues, and expressions of love for the homeland. Rooted in the Tontemboan sub-ethnic heritage, Makalelon-Makaaruyen songs encapsulate the community’s shared identity and historical consciousness, passed down orally through generations. The collective memory they preserve strengthens social bonds and mirrors the Minahasa people’s cultural worldview through Moral and Cultural Values conveyed, Sociocultural Context and Usage, and Social and Cultural Functions. This article demonstrates how these oral traditions serve as a living heritage that reinforces Minahasa cultural resilience as one among other collective memory of cultural expressions that heartedfully symbolizes and expresses, “Pakutuan Wo Pakalowiren/Pakalowiden”.  
Co-Authors Andriyani Marentek Bryan Kenny Macpal Buyung Ade Saputra Delia Mamonto Jansen, Frieda Th. KODONG, FENTJE LASUT, FRANSISKUS ANGELO MANDANG, REFINA GABRIELA MARENTEK, ANDRIYANI Muhmmad Hasan Basri NUSA, BELSASAR RIAN PADATI, ANENDA PUTRI PAMANTUNG, RINA P. RATTU, JULTJE A.J. Saputra, Buyung Ade Stephani Johana Sigarlaki TAMBAYONG, SONYA FORTUNA TAMBURIAN, NATANIA MEGIE Tatiana Stary Claudia Tesalonika Patras WANTASEN, ISNAWATI