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All Journal Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Tropical Plantation Journal
Ernayunita, Ernayunita
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Sequence-Structure Comparative and Network-Based Prediction of Drought Gene Candidate Regulator in Elaeis guineensis Permatasari, Galuh Wening; Putranto, Riza Arief; Mardhika, Larasati Dena; Aksa, Annisa Aulia; Setiawati, Yuli; Minarsih, Hayati; Riyadi, Imron; Ernayunita, Ernayunita
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 9, No 3 (2024): September
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.90808

Abstract

Drought poses a significant threat to global food security, particularly impacting crops like oil palm. Selecting genes for genome editing to enhance drought tolerance presents formidable challenges. To ensure that the target gene is chosen correctly and results in the desired character, a pilot study is necessary to determine the target gene for knockout. Two genes drought-related, AtBRL3 and AtOST2, were scrutinized in this context. Aligned with the Elaeis guineensis genome, their neighbouring proteins and gene ontology were analysed to identify potential targets for genome editing. AtBRL3, identified as BRL1 (XP_010913986.1) in E. guineensis, exhibited 58.48% identity and 100% coverage. It interacts with 12 nodes, including BIR1, BRI1, and AT2G20050, crucial for signalling pathways and cellular responses. Molecular function analysis revealed kinase activity. AtOST2 showed high similarity to plasma membrane ATPase/HA1 (XP_010913679.1) in E. guineensis, with 87.46% identity and 100% query cover. It correlated with 14 genes associated with ABA stimulus, stomatal movement, and hormone response. EgBRL1 and EgHA1, resembling AtBRL3 and AtOST2, respectively, emerge as promising targets for developing drought-tolerant oil palm cultivars through gene editing. Nonetheless, further validation through in vitro gRNA target selection and in vivo conversion of OST2/BRL3-containing plasmids in oil palm calluses is indispensable to demonstrate their efficacy in conferring novel drought resistance traits. 
Identifikasi Mikroorganisme Kontaminan Pada Kultur Jaringan Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Ilham, Muhammad; Ernayunita, Ernayunita; Yuli Rahmadi, Hernawan
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 33 No 1 (2025): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v33i1.279

Abstract

Salah satu kendala kultur jaringan kelapa sawit yaitu adanya risiko kontaminasi mikroorganisme pada setiap prosesnya. Kontaminasi mikroorganisme pada proses kultur dapat menghambat pertumbuhan dan perkembangan eksplan bahkan kegagalan tumbuh. Jenis – jenis kontaminasi yang sering ditemukan dalam kultur jaringan adalah bakteri dan jamur. Mikroorganisme kontaminan dapat tumbuh dengan baik pada media kultur jaringan karena terdapat kandungan nutrisi didalamnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis kontaminasi mikroorganisme pada kultur jaringan kelapa sawit sehingga dapat ditentukan pengendalian kontaminasi yang sesuai dan tepat sasaran. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode purposive samping yang meliputi kriteria sampel, seleksi sampel, verifikasi sampel yang selanjutnya dilakukan isolasi, pemurnian, serta identifikasi dan pengamatan mikroskopik/makroskopik. Hasil penelitian menunjukan dua genus teridentifikasi dari isolat fungi yaitu Aspergillus sp. dan Penicillium sp. melalui pengamatan mikroskop dengan perbesaran 1000x. Selain itu, isolat bakteri teridentifikasi 4 isolat Gram negatif dan 1 isolat Gram positif melalui uji gram menggunakan KOH 3%. Kelimpahan tertinggi isolat bakteri terdapat pada sampel 3 dengan nilai 2,9 x 105 CFU/mL. Morfologi mikroskopik teridentifikasi bulat (coccus), batang (basil) dan spiral. Pengendalian mikroorganisme dilakukan dengan penggunaan antibiotik yaitu Tetracycline, Ciprofloxacin, dan Kanamycin serta penggunaan antifungal yaitu fluconazole dan ketoconazole. Pencegahan mikroorganisme dilakukan dengan sterilisasi alat dan bahan, pemilihan zat sterilan, teknik sterilisasi, kondisi ruang kultur yang bersih, pemantauan dan pemisahan kultur terkontaminasi secara berkala.
Root Formation Response of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) to Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) under In Vitro Condition Ilham, Muhammad; Ernayunita, Ernayunita; Rahmadi, Hernawan Yuli
Tropical Plantation Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2025): TROPICAL PLANTATION JOURNAL
Publisher : Akademi Komunitas Perkebunan Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56125/tpj.v4i2.51

Abstract

The root system of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is a critical component for plant growth. Roots play essential roles in water and mineral absorption, providing structural support, storing energy, and facilitating interactions between plants and microorganisms. In tissue culture, root initiation is one of the key parameters for the successful formation of plantlets. This study aims to analyze the response of growth regulators in inducing roots and increasing the percentage of root formation in oil palm plantlets in vitro using 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The methods included plant material preparation, root growth medium preparation, treatment media preparation, inoculation and incubation, and data analysis. The experimental design employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with nine treatments and one control, each repeated seven times, resulting in 70 experimental units. The data were analyzed using ANOVA, followed by further testing with DMRT at a 5% significance level. The results showed that NAA and IBA positively influenced root formation in oil palm plantlets. A single NAA treatment effectively stimulated root elongation and reduced the time required for root emergence. The combination treatment of 1 mg/L NAA + 2 mg/L IBA produced a higher number of roots in the plantlets.
Respon Morfologi Bibit Kelapa Sawit Terhadap Pemberian Pupuk Fadli Pangaribuan, Ikhwan; Diah Setiowati, Retno; Wening, Sri; Rahma Pratiwi, Dian; Novandi Ginting, Eko; Mardiana, Cut; Ernayunita, Ernayunita
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 33 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v33i2.294

Abstract

Kelapa sawit memerlukan pasokan nutrisi yang seimbang dan cukup untuk mencapai hasil yang optimal. Unsur-unsur seperti nitrogen (N) dan kalium (K) adalah makronutrien yang paling penting dibutuhkan oleh tanaman. Biaya aplikasi pupuk relatif tinggi, yang menimbulkan peluang dan tantangan dalam merakit bahan tanaman yang efisien dalam pemanfaatan nutrisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati respons berbagai populasi tanaman kelapa sawit terhadap perlakuan aplikasi pupuk. Penelitian ini disusun menggunakan rancangan split-split plot dengan tiga faktor: jenis pupuk [nitrogen (N1) dan kalium (N2)], dosis pupuk [0% (P0), 100% (P1), 75% (P2), dan 50% (P3) dari dosis yang dianjurkan], dan bahan tanaman [populasi 1-6 (V1-V6)], diulang sebanyak enam kali. Perlakuan dengan rata-rata tinggi tanaman tertinggi diamati pada P2, dimana pupuk diaplikasikan sebesar 75% dari dosis yang dianjurkan. Sebaliknya, kombinasi jenis pupuk dan dosis terbaik diperoleh dari N1, yang mengacu pada tanaman yang diperlakukan dengan 75% pupuk nitrogen yang dianjurkan. Berdasarkan populasi yang digunakan, populasi V1 menunjukkan rata-rata tinggi tanaman terendah, berbeda signifikan dari populasi lainnya. Ketika mengamati populasi, rata-rata jumlah daun populasi V2 dan V6 berbeda signifikan dari yang lain dan memiliki rata-rata tertinggi. Namun, ketika mengamati interaksi dengan jenis pupuk, interaksi N2V6 yang melibatkan populasi enam yang diperlakukan dengan pupuk kalium menunjukkan rata-rata jumlah daun tertinggi dan berbeda signifikan dari interaksi lainnya. Mengenai diameter batang, populasi V3, V2, V4, dan V6 memiliki rata-rata diameter batang terbesar dan berbeda signifikan dari V5 dan V1. Kombinasi perlakuan N2P2V6 (populasi enam yang diperlakukan dengan 75% pupuk kalium) dan N1P3V2 (populasi dua yang diperlakukan dengan 50% pupuk nitrogen) memiliki rata-rata diameter batang terbesar, masing-masing 8,14 cm dan 8,07 cm, dan berbeda signifikan dari 46 interaksi lainnya. Di sisi lain, rata-rata diameter batang terkecil ditemukan pada tanaman dengan interaksi N2P3V1, yang berukuran 5,33 cm, dan berbeda signifikan dari 47 interaksi lainnya.
Anatomical Structure of Young Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Leaves for Callogenesis Initiation Ilham, Muhammad; Ernayunita, Ernayunita
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.142.763-769

Abstract

Plant anatomy, a key area within biology, examines the structure and organization of plant organs and tissues. It underpins various disciplines such as physiology, ecology, taxonomy, and evolutionary biology. Anatomical data are typically obtained using the paraffin embedding, which facilitates detailed microscopic observations. In oil palm (Elaies guineensis Jacq.) tissue culture, young leaves are commonly used as explants in callogenesis inducing undifferentiated cell growth. The study aimed to describe anatomical characteristics of young oil palm leaves, analyze the correlation between anatomical traits across different leaf positions, and examine anatomical changes during callogenesis. Leaf samples were collected from positions -4, -5, -6, -7 and -8, processed using paraffin embedding technique, and analyzed microscopically. The percentages of callogenesis were also calculated for each leaf position. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT), and correlation analysis was performed in R Studio. The anatomical features included the adaxial and abaxial epidermis, cuticle, hypodermis, mesophyll (palisade and spongy parenchyma), vascular bundles (phloem and xylem), stomata, and sclerencyma. The correlations between mesophyll and leaf thickness were very strong (r= 0.97, p>0.05), indicating that as mesophyll tissue thickness increases, the overall leaf thickness also increases. Notably, leaves at position -8 exhibited the highest rate callogenesis, reaching 204%.
Co-Authors Aksa, Annisa Aulia Diah Setiowati, Retno Fadli Pangaribuan, Ikhwan Hayati Minarsih Imron Riyadi Mardhika, Larasati Dena Mardiana, Cut Muhammad Ilham Novandi Ginting, Eko PERMATASARI, Galuh Wening PUTRANTO, Riza Arief Rahma Pratiwi, Dian Rahmadi, Hernawan Yuli Sri Wening Yuli Rahmadi, Hernawan Yuli Setiawati, Yuli