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All Journal HAYATI Journal of Biosciences
Sitompul, Rahmadi
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences

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Apis cerana Fabricius, 1793 in Sumatra: Haplotype Variations of Mitochondrial DNA and the Molecular Relationship with the Asian Honey Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Simanjuntak, Juniarto Gautama; Priawandiputra, Windra; Raffiudin, Rika; Shullia, Nurul Insani; Jauharlina, Jauharlina; Pradana, Mahardika Gama; Meilin, Araz; Jasmi, Jasmi; Pujiastuti, Yulia; Lestari, Puji; Ilyasov, Rustem; Sitompul, Rahmadi; Atmowidi, Tri
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 4 (2024): July 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.4.768-780

Abstract

Honey bee Apis cerana is widely distributed in Asia and the Indonesian archipelago, including Sumatra. We studied the molecular variations of A. cerana using cytochrome c oxidase subunits 1 and 2 genes (cox1 and cox2) and the cox1/cox2 intergenic spacers (igs) in several altitudes in the six provinces of Sumatra. We explored the haplotype distributions of those three mtDNA markers for A. cerana in the low-, mid-, and highlands of Sumatra. We also analyzed their relationship with A. cerana in Sundaland and Asia using those markers. Our study revealed 12 new haplotypes of A. cerana cox1 in Sumatra, while nine and eight new haplotypes for cox2 and igs, respectively. Apis cerana in North Sumatra, Lampung, and South Sumatra had the three highest haplotype variations. Most of the specific haplotypes of inter-colony A. cerana from Sumatra were found in the lowlands, while most were in the highlands for intra-colony variations. We found low gene flow among populations of A. cerana in Sumatra. One haplotype, Sumatra4 cox2 from North Sumatra, was the same as Java3 haplotype, presumably due to anthropogenic impact. The molecular phylogenetic tree of A. cerana in the Sundaland revealed that A. cerana from Sumatra has a close relationship to those of Borneo compared to Java.
Melissopalynological Analysis Revealed a Higher Pollen Diversity in Stingless Bees than in Honey Bees Sayusti, Tiara; Raffiudin, Rika; Djuita, Nina Ratna; Perwitasari-Farajallah, Dyah; Batubara, Irmanida; Priawandiputra, Windra; Sitompul, Rahmadi; Jahnk, Svea Lina; Behling, Hermann
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 1 (2026): January 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.1.196-203

Abstract

Identifying floral resources used by honey bees and stingless bees is essential for sustainable beekeeping and understanding pollination ecology. This study compared the diversity of floral resources utilized by the honey bee Apis cerana and stingless bees Geniotrigona thoracica and Heterotrigona itama based on pollen in honey. Bee colonies were in the same Flora Nauli Beekeeping area, Pematang Siantar, North Sumatra, Indonesia, ensuring equal access to similar surrounding floral resources. Honey samples were collected, and pollen grains were extracted, acetolysed, and analyzed by counting 1,200 grains to determine frequency classes. Pollen diversity was calculated using the Shannon–Wiener index (H′). Stingless bee honey contained more diverse pollen than A. cerana, which only contained pollen from the Arecaceae family. Heterotrigona itama and G. thoracica honey contained pollen from 20 and 11 plant families, respectively. Each species had a distinct predominant pollen type (>45%): Cocos nucifera (A. cerana), Sapotaceae type (G. thoracica), and Casuarinaceae type (H. itama). A higher pollen diversity index was also observed in H. itama (1.05-1.83) than in G. thoracica (0.34–1.64) and A. cerana (0.66). These results indicate that stingless bees are more generalist than honey bees, highlighting their ecological role in supporting pollination networks in tropical agroecosystems.
Co-Authors Araz Meilin Behling, Hermann DYAH PERWITASARI -FARAJALLAH Ilyasov, Rustem Irmanida Batubara Jahnk, Svea Lina Jasmi Jasmi Jauharlina Jauharlina Nina Ratna Djuita Nurul Insani Shullia Pradana, Mahardika Gama PUJI LESTARI RIKA RAFFIUDIN Sayusti, Tiara Simanjuntak, Juniarto Gautama Tri Atmowidi WINDRA PRIAWANDIPUTRA, WINDRA YULIA PUJIASTUTI