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SITOLOGI DAN TIPE REPRODUKSI Pteris multifida Poir. (PTERIDACEAE) Hastuti, Diah Virsa; Praptosuwiryo, Titien Ngatinem; Djuita, Nina Ratna
Buletin Kebun Raya Vol 14, No 1 (2011): Buletin Kebun Raya Vol. 14 (1) Januari 2011
Publisher : Center for Plant Conservation Bogor Botanic Garden, Indonesian Institute of Sciences

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Cytological observations have been carried out by several researchers in South China, Japan, Ceylon, Hongkong, Himalaya and Java. The results from various regions showed that P. multifida had a fairly high genetic variation, namely diploid, triploid and tetraploid types. Therefore cytological and reproductive study on P. multifida from its geographical distribution areas need to be done. The objectives of this research were to observe the somatic chromosome number and reproductive type of P. multifida, and to recognize the relationship between morphological variation and its ploidy level as well as stomatal index. Plants were collected from several localities in Bogor. Ploidy level was determined by observing somatic chromosome number by using squash methods. Reproductive type was determined by counting spore number in each sporangium. Morphological characters examined were the stipe, lamina, pinnae, veins, and indusium. Observations of stomata and epidermis of leaves were done by making an incision paradermal leaf. Pteris multifida has two ploidy level and reproduction type, namely apogamous triploid (2n = 87) and sexual tetraploid (2n = 116). The two ploidy levels could not be distinguished based on morphological characteristics, but they can be differentiated by their epidermal cells number. Apogamous triploid has fewer number of epidermal cells, the sexual tetraploid has a greater number of epidermis.

SITOLOGI DAN TIPE REPRODUKSI Pteris multifida Poir. (PTERIDACEAE) Hastuti, Diah Virsa; Praptosuwiryo, Titien Ngatinem; Djuita, Nina Ratna
Buletin Kebun Raya Vol 14, No 1 (2011): Buletin Kebun Raya Vol. 14 (1) January 2011
Publisher : Center for Plant Conservation Bogor Botanic Garden, Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Cytological observations have been carried out by several researchers in South China, Japan, Ceylon, Hongkong, Himalaya and Java. The results from various regions showed that P. multifida had a fairly high genetic variation, namely diploid, triploid and tetraploid types. Therefore cytological and reproductive study on P. multifida from its geographical distribution areas need to be done. The objectives of this research were to observe the somatic chromosome number and reproductive type of P. multifida, and to recognize the relationship between morphological variation and its ploidy level as well as stomatal index. Plants were collected from several localities in Bogor. Ploidy level was determined by observing somatic chromosome number by using squash methods. Reproductive type was determined by counting spore number in each sporangium. Morphological characters examined were the stipe, lamina, pinnae, veins, and indusium. Observations of stomata and epidermis of leaves were done by making an incision paradermal leaf. Pteris multifida has two ploidy level and reproduction type, namely apogamous triploid (2n = 87) and sexual tetraploid (2n = 116). The two ploidy levels could not be distinguished based on morphological characteristics, but they can be differentiated by their epidermal cells number. Apogamous triploid has fewer number of epidermal cells, the sexual tetraploid has a greater number of epidermis.

Evaluation of Pulasan (Nephelium ramboutan-ake) Genetic Diversity in Bogor, West Java, Using Microsatellite Markers Puhili, Amelia Luisyane; Chikmawati, Tatik; Djuita, Nina Ratna
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 6, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.06.03.09

Pulasan (Nephelium ramboutan-ake (Labill.) Leenh) fruit is highly similar to rambutan rapiah (Nephelium lappaceum) fruit with ovate shape, sweet and sour fresh taste, but it has a thick rind. The diversity of pulasan is little informed including in Bogor. The objective of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity of pulasan from Bogor revealed by microsatellite marker. The DNA of 63 individuals from 10 populations of pulasan were extracted using CTAB method and amplified using two primer sets, LMLY6 (GA)9(CA)2(GA)4 dan LMLY12 (CT)11. DNA amplification product was visualized and arranged in a matrix of binary data then analyzed the value of the number of different alleles (Na), the number of effective alleles (Ne), Shannon information index (I), heterozygosity (He), and the percentage of polymorphism (PLP). The results of the analysis showed the highest genetic diversity was found in North Bogor (He=0.313). The genetic diversity within a population (61%) was higher than that among populations (39%). A dendrogram was constructed using the Unweighted Pair Group Method with arithmetic Mean (UPGMA). The similarity index ranged from 52 to 100% that means there are close relationships among individuals. Cluster analyses grouped some individuals originated from different locations in the same group. The levels of heterozygosity within a population was determined by the history of each individual in a population.

Kultur in vitro pisang (Musa paradisiaca L.) cv. Kepok Merah untuk mikropropagasi cepat [In vitro culture of banana (Musa paradisiaca) cv. Kepok Merah for rapid micropropagation] Efah FITRAMALA; Eva KHAERUNNISA; Nina Ratna Djuita Ratna DJUITA; Hadi SUNARSO; Diah RATNADEWI
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 84, No 2 (2016): Desember 2016
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Banana (Musa paradisiaca L) cv. Kepok Merah has a high commercial value as it is used in food industries such as banana chip. Besides, Kepok Merah contains high B-complex vitamins that serve in energy metabolism and in the development of infant brain. The establishment of industrial plantations of this plant has been restricted by the lack of planting materials. This research aimed at ameliorating the capacity of plantlets multiplication up to rooting of this banana in a rapid way through in vitro multiplication techniques. Murashige and Skoog (MS) and Woody Plant (WP) media were used as the basic media. For the initiation stage, the media was fortified with 0.2 mg/L IAA and two levels of BA at 3 and 5 mg/L. For shoot multiplication, the concentrations of IAA as well as BA were increased. For rooting, 1 mg/L NAA or IBA was applied. The observations demonstrated that for shoots initiation, both basic media performed good results when enriched with 0.2 mg/L IAA and 5 mg/L BA. The highest rate of shoots multiplication at 6 – 17 shoots per explant, was obtained on MS medium added with 0.5 mg/L IAA and 5 mg/L BA. NAA at 1 mg/L in MS medium produced more rooted plantlets, 3 – 16 roots per plantlet, than those of other treatments. [Keywords: Musa paradisiaca cv. Kepok Merah, in vitro micropropagation, scalps.]AbstrakPisang (Musa paradisiaca L.) kultivar Kepok Merah memiliki nilai komersial yang cukup tinggi yaitu sebagai bahan dalam industri pembuatan keripik pisang. Selain itu, pisang Kepok Merah memiliki kandungan vitamin B kompleks cukup tinggi untuk membantu produksi energi dan pembentukan sel-sel otak pada bayi. Pertanaman pisang ini dalam skala industri terkendala oleh kurangnya ketersediaan sumber benih. Teknik kultur jaringan diharapkan dapat menghasilkan benih secara massal dalam waktu yang relatif singkat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan keberhasilan multiplikasi tunas in vitro hingga pengakaran tanaman pisang Kepok Merah secara cepat. Pada tahap inisiasi tunas digunakan media dasar Murashige and Skoog (MS) dan Woody Plant (WP), ke dalam media dasar tersebut ditambahkan IAA 0,2 mg/L dan 2 taraf BA yaitu 3 dan 5 mg/L. Multiplikasi tunas dilakukan pada media dasar yang sama namun dengan taraf konsentrasi IAA serta BA yang ditingkatkan. Tahap perakaran menggunakan media dasar MS dan WP dengan auksin NAA 1 mg/L atau IBA 1 mg/L. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa untuk inisiasi tunas, media MS dan WP yang diperkaya dengan IAA 0,2 mg/L dan BA 5 mg/L sama baiknya. Untuk multiplikasi tunas, media MS dengan IAA 0,5 mg/L yang dikombinasikan dengan BA 5 mg/L memberikan jumlah tunas paling banyak, yaitu 6 – 17 tunas per eksplan, dan pertumbuhannyapun lebih baik. Pemberian NAA 1 mg/L pada media MS dapat memberikan lebih banyak tunas yang berakar, dengan jumlah akar 3 – 16 per planlet. [Kata kunci: Musa paradisiaca cv. Kepok Merah, mikropropagasi in vitro, nodul meristematik.]

KEBERAGAMAN GENETIK KERABAT RAMBUTAN LIAR (NEPHELIUM SPP.) DI KABUPATEN SANGGAU, KALIMANTAN BARAT BERDASARKAN MARKA SSR DAN ISSR Christyne SPLS Napitu; Tatik Chikmawati; Nina Ratna Djuita
Floribunda Vol. 5 No. 4 (2016)
Publisher : PTTI

Christyne SPLS Napitu, Tatik Chikmawati & Nina Ratna Djuita. 2016. Genetic Diversity of Wild Rambutans (Nephelium spp.) in Sanggau Regency, West Kalimantan Based on SSR and ISSR Markers. Floribunda 5(4): 115–125. — This study aimed to determine the genetic diversity of wild rambutans from Sanggau Regency (West Kalimantan) based on SSR and ISSR markers. Plant materials were collected from five subdistricts: Bonti, Jangkang, Parindu, Mukok and Kapuas, in Sanggau Regency. There were four species of wild rambutans with five vatieties, namely N. cuspidatum var. cuspidatum, N. cuspidatum var. eriopetalum, N. cuspidatum var. robustum, N. lappaceum var. lappaceum, N. lappaceum var. xanthioides, N. rubescens and N. uncinatum found in the research site. The highest genetic diversity from the samples based on SSR markers was found in Jangkang (He=0.27) and the highest genetic diversity based on ISSR was found in Bonti (He=0.18). Cluster analysis using Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) method and coefficient Simple Matching (SM) based on SSR and ISSR showed that there were high similarity among species of wild rambutans in Sanggau Regency, West Kalimantan with similarity index ranged 0.5–1.0. Keywords: Genetic diversity, ISSR, Nephelium, SSR, wild rambutans. Christyne SPLS Napitu, Tatik Chikmawati & Nina Ratna Djuita. 2016. Keberagaman Genetik Kerabat Rambutan Liar (Nephelium spp.) di Kabupaten Sanggau, Kalimantan Barat Berdasarkan Marka SSR dan ISSR. Floribunda 5(4): 115–125. — Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui keberagaman genetik rambutan liar yang berasal dari Kabupaten Sanggau (Kalimantan Barat) berdasarkan marka SSR dan ISSR. Pengambilan sampel diperoleh dari 5 Kecamatan: Bonti, Jangkang, Parindu, Mukok dan Kapuas, di Kabupaten Sanggau. Empat jenis rambutan liar beserta lima varietasnya yaitu N. cuspidatum var. cuspidatum, N. cuspidatum var. eriopetalum, N. cuspidatum var. robustum, N. lappaceum var. lappaceum, N. lappaceum var. xanthioides, N. rubescens dan N. uncinatum ditemukan di lokasi penelitian. Keberagaman genetik dengan nilai heterozigositas tertinggi berdasarkan marka SSR terdapat di Jangkang (He=0,27) dan berdasarkan marka ISSR terdapat di Bonti (He=0,18). Hasil analisis kelompok menggunakan metode Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) dan koefisien indeks similaritas Simple Matching (SM) berdasarkan data SSR dan ISSR menunjukkan adanya tingkat kemiripan yang tinggi antara jenis rambutan liar di Kabupaten Sanggau, Kalimantan Barat dengan nilai koefisien kemiripan 0,5–1,0.Kata kunci: Keberagaman genetik, ISSR, Nephelium, SSR, rambutan liar.

PENGGUNAAN ANALISIS PEUBAH GANDA DALAM TAKSONOMI NUMERIK : CONTOH KASUS 2 KULTIVAR KEDELAI DAN KETURUNANNYA (F2) Nina Ratna Djuita; Muhammad Jusuf
Floribunda Vol. 3 No. 1-2 (2006)
Publisher : PTTI

Nina Ratna Djuita & Muhammad Jusuf. 2006. The use of Multivariate Analysis in Numerical Taxonomy : Case of Two, Soybean Cultivars and Their Generation (F2). Floribunda 3(1): 10-18. --- Multivariate analysis was applied to the morphological data of Slamet and Nokon Sawon cultivars and their generation (F2). This research was intended to compare multivariate analysis namely principal component analysis and disciminant analysis to two cultivars above and their generation. The first analysis resulted 2 and 7 principal components of covariance and correlation matrix for original data while data transformed revealed 5 and 8 principal components of covariance and correlation matrix respectively. Based on discriminant analysis, Nokon and Sawon’s cultivar can be successfully classified as a single group different from the rest.

KEANEKARAGAMAN LUMUT EPIFIT PADA GYMNOSPERMAE DI KEBUN RAYA BOGOR Fibo Adhitya; Nunik Sri Ariyanti; Nina Ratna Djuita
Floribunda Vol. 4 No. 8 (2014)
Publisher : PTTI

Since researchs on diversity of epiphytic Bryophytes are more common observed on Angiospermae than those on Gymnospermae, this study was conducted to observe diversity of epiphytic Bryophytes on Gymnospermae in BBG. The Bryophytes samples were collected from Gymnosperms trees in Blok I which is Cycadaceae familly and those in Blok II which are the familly of Pinaceae, Araucariaceae, Gnetaceae dan Podocarpaceae. Only the trees have diameter ≥ 20 cm of trunk were sampled. Bryophytes were collected from the trunk base at 0–200 cm above the ground, at four cardinal direction (north, south, west, and east). In total 18 species of epiphytic Bryophytes were found, included 12 genera and 7 families. The family which had the highest number of species was Lejeuneaceae. The most common species on Gymnosperm trees in the Botanical Garden were Lejeunea tuberculosa and Octoblepharum albidum. Both of them were found at 6 trees of 13 total tree samples. The species were found more frequently at west (2,1%) and north (1,8%) part than east and south part of the host trees. They more frequently inhabit the trunk base on 0–100 cm than 100–200 cm.

DISTRIBUSI KAPULASAN (NEPHELIUM RAMBOUTAN-AKE (LABILL.) LEENH.) DI PULAU JAWA DAN HUBUNGAN KEKERABATAN MORFOLOGINYA Nina Ratna Djuita; Alex Hartana; Tatik Chikmawati; Dorly Dorly
Floribunda Vol. 5 No. 4 (2016)
Publisher : PTTI

Nina Ratna Djuita, Alex Hartana, Tatik Chikmawati & Dorly. 2016. Distribution of pulasan [Nephelium ramboutan-ake (Labill.) Leenh] in Java and Relationship of Their Morphology. Floribunda 5(4): 129–138. — Distribution of pulasan in Java is not known yet. The purposes of this study were to provide information about the locations of pulasan trees in Java, and to analyze relationship of this species based on morphological characters. Pulasan exploration was carried out in four provinces in Java encompassed West Java, Central Java, East Java, and Yogyakarta Special Region. Morphological characteristics of pulasan were observed, then the relationships were analyze using NTSys pc 2.02 program. Result showed that most of pulasan located in West Java, especially in the area of Bogor. Based on the dendrogram, it was known that the use of ve-getative dan generative characters could distinguish males and hermaphrodite pulasan trees, while the use of vegetative characters only, could not differentiate the type of pulasan trees. Pulasan trees from different areas can be grouped in the same cluster because of the similarity of their morphological traits.Keywords: Kapulasan, morphological characters, dendrogram, Sapindaceae. Nina Ratna Djuita, Alex Hartana, Tatik Chikmawati & Dorly. 2016. Distribusi Kapulasan [Nephelium ramboutan-ake (Labill.) Leenh.] di Pulau Jawa dan Hubungan Kekerabatan Morfologinya. Floribunda 5(4): 129–138. — Persebaran kapulasan di Pulau Jawa belum diketahui dengan pasti. Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan informasi tentang lokasi-lokasi yang masih mempunyai pohon kapulasan di Pulau Jawa, dan menganalisis hubungan kekerabatannya berdasarkan ciri morfologi. Eksplorasi kapulasan dilakukan di empat provinsi di Pulau Jawa yaitu Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur, dan Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Tanaman hasil eksplorasi diamati ciri morfologinya, kemudian dianalisis hubungan kekerabatannya dengan menggunakan program NTSys pc 2.02. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar kapulasan terdapat di Jawa Barat terutama di daerah Bogor. Berdasarkan dendrogram yang dihasilkan, diketahui bahwa penggunaan ciri vegetatif dan generatif dapat membedakan kapulasan jantan dan hermafrodit, sedangkan penggunaan ciri vegetatif saja, tidak dapat membedakan kedua tipe tanaman tersebut. Tanaman kapulasan dari daerah yang berbeda dapat mengelompok dalam satu grup yang sama karena adanya keserupaan dalam ciri-ciri morfologinya.Kata kunci: Kapulasan, karakter morfologi, dendrogram, Sapindaceae.

ANATOMI DAUN RAMBUTAN (NEPHELIUM LAPPACEUM L.) DAN KERABATNYA Qothrunnada - Sungkar; Tatik - Chikmawati; Nina Ratna Djuita
Floribunda Vol. 5 No. 6 (2017)
Publisher : PTTI

Qothrunnada Sungkar, Tatik Chikmawati & Nina Ratna Djuita. 2017. Leaf Anatomy of Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) and Its Relatives. Floribunda 5(6): 192–199. — Rambutan belongs to the Sapindaceae family that has closely related to longan and lychee. The observation on leaf anatomy of rambutan, longan, and lychee was conducted to provide information about leaf anatomy of Sapindaceae’s members. The anatomical features of leaf paradermal and transversal sections were examinated on four varieties of rambutan namely binjai, rapiah, sikoneng, and aceh lengkeng; and two closely related families, longan and lychee. All rambutan cultivars and lychee had the same stomata type: cyclocytic, while stomata in longan was surrounded by six subsidiary cells. Epidermal cells of rambutan and lychee leaves have polygonal shape with flat side, whereas epidermal cell of longan has polygonal shapes with notched. Based on transversal sections, rambutan, longan, and lychee have bifacial type, but they are differed in the number of palisade layer and the shape of palisade cellls. Leaf anatomical characters could be used to distinguish between rambutan and its closed relatives, longan and lychee; but it could not be used to differentiate among rambutan’s cultivars.Keywords: longan, lychee, rambutan, Sapindaceae, stomata type.Qothrunnada Sungkar, Tatik Chikmawati & Nina Ratna Djuita. 2017. Anatomi Daun Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) dan Kerabatnya. Floribunda 5(6): 192–199. — Rambutan merupakan tumbuhan yang termasuk ke dalam suku Sapindaceae dan masih berkerabat dekat dengan lengkeng dan leci. Pengamatan tentang anatomi daun Sapindaceae masih jarang dilakukan, sehingga penelitian ini perlu dilakukan untuk memberikan informasi mengenai anatomi daun beberapa anggota Sapindaceae. Pengamatan ciri anatomi dari sayatan paradermal dan transversal dilakukan terhadap empat kultivar rambutan yaitu rambutan binjai, rapiah, sikoneng, dan aceh lengkeng, serta dua kerabat dekatnya yaitu lengkeng dan leci. Hasil sayatan paradermal memperlihatkan bahwa stomata tidak ditemukan di permukaan atas daun rambutan, lengkeng, dan leci. Stomata pada daun rambutan dan leci adalah stomata dengan tipe siklositik, sedangkan stomata pada lengkeng dikelilingi oleh enam sel tetangga. Epidermis pada daun rambutan dan leci berbentuk poligonal dengan sisi rata, sedangkan sel epidermis pada daun lengkeng berbentuk poligonal dengan sisi berlekuk. Sayatan transversal memperlihatkan bahwa daun rambutan, lengkeng, dan leci bertipe bifasial. Ketiga jenis berbeda pada jumlah lapisan palisade dan bentuk sel palisade. Ciri anatomi daun dapat digunakan untuk membedakan rambutan dari kerabat dekatnya, leci dan lengkeng; tetapi tidak dapat digunakan untuk membedakan antara kultivar rambutan.Kata kunci: lengkeng, leci, rambutan, Sapindaceae, tipe stomata.

KEANEKARAGAMAN GENETIK KAPULASAN [NEPHELIUM RAMBOUTAN-AKE (LABILL.) LEENH.] DI JAWA BERDASARKAN MARKA SSR DAN ISSR Nina Ratna Djuita; Alex Hartana; Tatik Chikmawati; Dorly Dorly
Floribunda Vol. 6 No. 4 (2020)
Publisher : PTTI

Nina Ratna Djuita, Alex Hartana, Tatik Chikmawati, Dorly. 2020. Genetic Diversity of Pulasan [Nephelium ramboutan-ake (Labill.) Leenh.] of Java Based on SSR and ISSR Markers. Floribunda 6(4): 117–126. — Pulasan is one of the potential local fruits to be developed. This study aimed to analyze the genetic diversity of pulasan of Java using Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) and Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers and to obtain information whether primers of the markers could be used to distinguish male and her-maphrodite plants. The results showed that two primers in the SSR markers and seven primers in the ISSR markers produced polymorphic bands. The genomic DNA of the pulasan amplified with SSR markers produced bands 140–500 bp, while those from the ISSR markers were 150–1500 bp. The population of pulasan in Babakan Madang has the highest genetic diversity, while that of Patean is the lowest. Genetic variation of pulasan based on SSR and ISSR markers in the population and among populations have different compositions. Variation in the population is 72% while among the population is 28%. Primers of LML Y6 and LML Y12 from SSR markers and primers of ISSR 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 cannot be used to distinguish male and hermaphrodite pulasan plants. Nina Ratna Djuita, Alex Hartana, Tatik Chikmawati, Dorly. 2020. Keanekaragaman Genetik Kapulasan [Nephelium ramboutan-ake (Labill.) Leenh.] di Jawa Berdasarkan Marka SSR dan ISSR. Floribunda 6(4): 117–126. — Kapulasan merupakan salah satu buah lokal yang potensial untuk dikembangkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keanekaragaman genetik kapulasan di Jawa dengan menggunakan marka Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) dan Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) serta untuk mendapatkan informasi apakah primer dari marka tersebut dapat dipakai untuk membedakan tumbuhan jantan dan hermafrodit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dua primer pada marka SSR dan tujuh primer pada marka ISSR menghasilkan pita polimorfik. DNA genom kapulasan yang diamplifikasi dengan marka SSR menghasilkan pita-pita dengan ukuran 110–500 bp, sedangkan dari marka ISSR berukuran 150–1500 bp. Populasi kapulasan di Babakan Madang mempunyai keanekaragaman genetik paling tinggi, sedangkan populasi di Patean paling rendah. Variasi genetik kapulasan berdasarkan marka SSR dan ISSR di dalam populasi dan di antara populasi mempunyai komposisi yang berbeda. Variasi di dalam populasi sebesar 72 % sedangkan di antara populasi sebesar 28%. Primer LML Y6 dan LML Y12 dari marka SSR dan primer ISSR 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 tidak dapat digunakan untuk membedakan tumbuhan kapulasan jantan dan hermafrodit.

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