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All Journal Abdimas Talenta : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Silva Tropika Jurnal Sylva Lestari International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Global Forest Journal
Sutiawan, Jajang
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Control & Systems Engineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Social Sciences

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Efek Perlakuan Panas Terhadap Perubahan Warna Bambu Sembilang (Dendrocalamus giganteus): Effect of Heat Treatment to Color Change on Sembilang Bamboo (Dendrocalamus giganteus) Nurhanifah, Nurhanifah; Anggiriani, Siska; Sutiawan, Jajang
Jurnal Silva Tropika Vol. 7 No. 1 (2023): Jurnal Silva Tropika
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/jurnalsilvatropika.v7i1.23759

Abstract

ABSTRACT Bamboo can be used as an alternative raw material to replace wood. Bamboo is a fast-growing plant that requires quality improvement. One type of bamboo that has not been utilized optimally is sembilang bamboo. Quality improvement can be done through heat modification. Heat treatment can improve the mechanical properties of a material but can cause discoloration. This study aimed to determine the effect of heat treatment on the discoloration of sembilang bamboo. This research was conducted by giving sembilang bamboo heat treatment at 180°C for 3 hours and 6 hours. The results obtained were sembilang bamboo, after heat treatment for 3 hours and 6 hours became darker than the control. The longer the heating time, the greater the value of the color change.   Keywords: color change, heat treatment, sembilang bamboo   ABSTRAK Bambu dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan baku alternatif pengganti kayu. Bambu termasuk tanaman cepat tumbuh yang memerlukan peningkatan kualitas. Salah satu jenis bambu yang belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal adalah bambu sembilang. Peningkatan kualitas dapat dilakukan dengan cara modifikasi panas. Perlakuan panas dapat meningkatkan sifat mekanis suatu bahan namun dapat menyebabkan perubahan warna. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efek perlakuan panas terhadap perubahan warna bambu sembilang. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan memberikan perlakuan panas pada bambu sembilang dengan suhu 180°C selama 3 jam dan 6 jam. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah bambu sembilang setelah perlakuan panas selama 3 jam dan 6 jam menjadi lebih gelap dibandingkan kontrolnya. Semakin lama waktu pemanasan maka nilai perubahan warnanya semakin besar.   Kata kunci: bambu sembilang, perlakuan panas, perubahan warna
Sorghum biomass: A sustainable alternative for particleboard production - A mini review Sutiawan, Ikmal; Sutiawan, Jajang; Surya Kusumah, Sukma; Kartikawati, Aprilia; Martha, Resa; Miftah Rahman, Mohamad
Global Forest Journal Vol. 3 No. 02 (2025): Global Forest Journal
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/gfj.v3i02.19506

Abstract

particleboard production, offering an eco-friendly alternative to conventionalwood-based composites. This mini-review synthesizes recent research on thechemical, physical, mechanical, and durability properties of particleboards madefrom sorghum residues, including bagasse, stalks, and leaves. Quantitativefindings show that sorghum particleboards can achieve densities ranging from0.56 to 1.25 g/cm³, modulus of rupture (MOR) up to 34.1 MPa, modulus ofelasticity (MOE) up to 5270 MPa, and internal bond (IB) strength up to 1.92 MPa,meeting the JIS A5908:2003 Type 8 standard in several cases. Moisture content(MC) and thickness swelling (TS) can be optimized to meet dimensional stabilityrequirements through pre-treatment, adhesive formulation, and pressingconditions. Chemically, sorghum biomass has moderate to high cellulose (30–46%) and hemicellulose (21–34%) contents, with lower lignin and ash levels thantypical wood, favoring bonding and composite integrity. Synthetic adhesives (UF,PF, pMDI) and natural alternatives (citric acid, maleic acid, sucrose) have beenexplored, with several formulations showing improved water resistance andbiodegradation resistance. Enhanced durability, including termite and fungalresistance, has been observed, particularly in bio-based adhesive boards.However, challenges remain in scaling production and standardizing raw materialquality. Future research should prioritize optimizing production methods andimproving sorghum-based particleboards' mechanical and durability properties,enabling their use in a wider range of applications.
Automatic Wood Cutting Technology and Marketing Digitalization in Wood Processing Businesses in Marindal 1 Village, Patumbak District, Deli Serdang Regency Hasibuan, Azhari; Sutiawan, Jajang
ABDIMAS TALENTA: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol. 8 No. 1 (2023): ABDIMAS TALENTA: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/abdimastalenta.v8i1.10144

Abstract

Marindal 1 Village is one of the villages located in Patumbak District, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province with an area of ​​810 Ha. Administratively, Marindal 1 Village consists of 12 hamlets and has a population of about 37,000 people. A group of people who are members of the wood processing business are engaged in the business of making furniture such as making frames, windows, and doors. The equipment used in cutting and splitting wood is assembled equipment that is prone to work accidents. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has also had an impact on decreasing the market share of the wood processing business. Therefore, a solution is needed in the form of an automatic wood-cutting spindle machine to prevent work accidents as well as training and assistance in the digitalization process of wood processing businesses so that they are better known by the community outside Marindal 1 Village in the hope of increasing sales turnover. The method used in this service consists of 2, namely the provision of a spindle moulder machine and the socialization of assistance in making digital marketing to partners. The output of this service is in the form of publications in national journals, YouTube videos, print and electronic media, and IPR from service videos.
Pengaruh Perlakuan Microwave terhadap Karakteristik Kayu Randu (Ceiba pentandra (L) Gaertn.: The Influence of Microwave Treatment on The Characteristics of Randu (Ceiba pentandra (L) Gaertn.) Wood Anggiriani, Siska; Nurhanifah, Nurhanifah; Sutiawan, Jajang
Jurnal Silva Tropika Vol. 6 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Silva Tropika
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/jsilvtrop.v6i2.23765

Abstract

ABSTRACT Randu (Ceiba pentandra (L) Gaertn.) wood is one of the fast-growing species which has low density. Wood modification by microwave (MW) treatment were conducted to improve its quality. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of microwave treatment on the characteristics (physical properties, wood discoloration, and wettability) of Randu wood. Microwave treatment for 0.5 and 1 minute were applied for Randu wood. The evaluation of wood discoloration, wettability, and physical properties include moisture content, specific gravity, swelling, and anti-swelling efficiency (ASE) were measured.  Wood discoloration and wettability of untreated and treated sample were measured. The results showed that microwave treatment was reduce the swelling, wettability and cause discoloration. Microwave treatment not significantly affected moisture content and specific gravity of treated wood. Microwave treatment increased contact angle than untreated, and 0.5 minutes microwave treatment caused significant discoloration than 1 minutes microwave treatment and untreated sample. The MW treatment indicated to increase the hydrophobicity of Randu wood.   Keywords: discoloration, microwave, randu, wettability.   ABSTRAK Kayu randu (Ceiba pentandra (L) Gaertn.) merupakan salah satu jenis kayu cepat tumbuh yang memiliki kerapatan rendah. Modifikasi kayu dengan perlakuan microwave (MW) dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kualitasnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh perlakuan microwave terhadap karakteristik (sifat fisik, perubahan warna kayu, dan keterbasahan) kayu Randu. Perlakuan microwave selama 0.5 dan 1 menit diaplikasikan pada kayu randu. Pengujian yang dilakukan yaitu perubahan warna kayu, keterbasahan, dan sifat fisis yang meliputi kadar air, berat jenis, pengembangan, dan anti-swelling efficiency (ASE). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan microwave mengurangi pengembangan, keterbasahan dan menyebabkan perubahan warna. Perlakuan microwave tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar air dan berat jenis kayu. Perlakuan gelombang mikro meningkatkan sudut kontak dibanding kontrol, dan perlakuan microwave 0.5 menit menyebabkan perubahan warna yang signifikan dibanding microwave 1 menit dan tanpa perlakuan. Perlakuan MW dapat meningkatkan hidrofobisitas kayu randu.  Katakunci: keterbasahan, microwave, randu, perubahan warna.
Pemanfaatan Maltodextrin Singkong untuk Perekat Ramah Lingkungan dalam Pembuatan Papan Partikel dari Bagas Sorgum (Utilization of Cassava Maltodextrin for Eco-friendly Adhesive in the Manufacturing of Sorghum Bagasse Particleboard) Sutiawan, Jajang; Hermawan, Dede; Kusumah, Sukma Surya; Widyaningrum, Bernadeta Ayu; Sukara, Endang
Jurnal Sylva Lestari Vol. 8 No. 2 (2020): May
Publisher : Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jsl28144-154

Abstract

The development of natural adhesives derived from non-fossil resources is very important for the future. This research aimed to develop natural adhesive from maltodextrin and compare it with other natural adhesives such as citric acid and malic acid for particleboard production. The effect of the adhesive raw materials on the physical and mechanical properties of the particleboards was investigated. The sweet sorghum and those natural adhesives were used in the manufacturing of particleboard. The resin content of the natural adhesive was 20 wt% base on air-dried particles. The dimension and density target of the boards were 30 x 30 x 0.9 cm3 and 0.8 g/cm3, respectively. The particleboards were prepared by hot pressing at 200°C for 10 min. The physical and mechanical properties of particleboards were evaluated based on Japanese Industrial Standard for particleboard (JIS A 5908-2003). The results showed that the density, moisture content, modulus of elasticity, and modulus of rupture met the requirements of the JIS A 5908-2003 standard, while the thickness swelling, water absorption, and internal bond did not meet the standard requirements. The results of FTIR analysis indicated the establishment of ester linkages due to the reaction between the natural adhesive and sorghum bagasse that contributed to the excellent physical and mechanical properties of the particleboard. Keywords: cassava, maltodextrin, natural adhesive, particleboard, sweet sorghum
Enhancing Solid Fuel Potential of Water Hyacinth: A Study on Chemical Modification Through Composting and Demineralization Mustagfirin, Mustagfirin; Hermawan, Dede; Nawawi, Deded Sarip; Kusumah, Sukma Surya; Ismayati, Maya; Sutiawan, Jajang; Ningrum, Riska Surya
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Accepted Articles
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2025.61468

Abstract

Rapid growth makes water hyacinth (WH) an exceptional biomass resource, but its low calorific value and elevated ash content hinder its application as a sustainable green energy source. This study aims to enhance the quality of water hyacinth as a solid fuel by increasing lignin content through composting and decreasing ash content by demineralization. The composting period for water hyacinth was modified to 4, 7, 11, and 15 days, followed by a demineralization process employing two solvents: water and 5% nitric acid (HNO₃). Proximate, ultimate, and chemical studies were conducted on water hyacinth before and following treatment to ascertain its specific alterations. This study indicates that after 15 days of composting, the lignin fraction increased from 10.01% to 15.14%. Demineralization employing a combination of water and nitric acid can substantially reduce ash content (19.4%). The demineralization of raw materials during composting is more efficacious in diminishing ash content than the demineralization of raw materials before composting. The most significant reduction was 46.17%, observed in the 11-day WH composting, where the ash content decreased from 22% to 11.84%. According to the results, modified WH is a viable raw material for solid fuel due to its enhanced lignin content and reduced ash level.
Co-Authors Anggiriani, Siska Dede Hermawan Deded Sarip Nawawi Endang Sukara Hasibuan, Azhari Ismayati, Maya Kartikawati, Aprilia Kusumah, Sukma Surya Martha, Resa Miftah Rahman, Mohamad Mustagfirin Mustagfirin Ningrum, Riska Surya Nurhanifah Nurhanifah Surya Kusumah, Sukma Sutiawan, Ikmal Widyaningrum, Bernadeta Ayu