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All Journal Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) International Journal of Renewable Energy Development
Rahardjo, Irawan
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Control & Systems Engineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering

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PROSPEK PEMANFAATAN BAHAN BAKAR BATUBARA CAIR (BBBC) UNTUK MENDUKUNG DIVERSIFIKASI ENERGI Rahardjo, Irawan
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 4, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (287.519 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v4i1.1542

Abstract

A study of energy diversification in Indonesia and the how role of coalliquefaction if implemented w conducted. Liquified brown coal fuel (LBCF) is apotential alternative energy for substituting crude oil, which is processed toproduce synthetic fuel from coal. In addition, the government policy on reducingoil dependency makes the liquified brown coal fuel an option which must berealized soon. This paper reveals that LBCF is very prospective in order tosupport energy diversification program. In 2014 LBCF from Berau plant wouldsubstitute Balikpapan oil refinery throughput as much as 20% or about 57.99 PJ.It increases to 42.5% or 173.96 PJ in 2020. LPG produced as side product ofliquefaction plant could be used to support LPG supplied by LPG plant Aral andBadak and Balikpapan oil refinery. The amount of the substitution is increasingup to 56% in 2018, or at a rate of 19.52% per year.Kata kunci: coal liquefaction, diversification, liquid petroleum gas
Renewable energy in sustainable cities: Challenges and opportunities by the case study of Nusantara Capital City (IKN) Yudiartono, Yudiartono; Santosa, Joko; Fitriana, Ira; Wijaya, Prima Trie; Rahardjo, Irawan; Abdul Wahid, La Ode Muhammad; Siregar, Erwin; Hesty, Nurry Widya; Fithri, Silvy Rahmah; Sugiyono, Agus
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 13, No 6 (2024): November 2024
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2024.60390

Abstract

This study explores strategies for optimizing energy consumption in Indonesia's New Capital City (IKN) to achieve net zero emissions by 2045, focusing on energy efficiency, sustainable mobility, and renewable energy through the Low Emissions Analysis Platform (LEAP) model. Sustainable cars, such as renewable-energy-powered electric and green hydrogen-powered vehicles, can reduce energy consumption by 43% in 2045 and 33% in 2060, respectively, compared to BAU. GHG emissions per capita will drop 70% in 2045 and 63% in 2060. In NZE scenario, IKN can reach 100% green energy by 2045 with a 4.4 GW solar power plant, a 0.92 GWh BESS, and a full load hour capability of 4 hours. By 2045, 1.1 GW of hydropower and 143 MW of wind power are expected to be utilized. In 2060, hydropower will be 2.8 GW, wind power will be 184 MW, and solar power will be 8 GW with 1.6 GWh of BESS. Lack of legislation, technical expertise, high prices, inadequate grid infrastructure, and renewables shortfalls restrict Indonesia's BESS. Solar installation criteria, subsidies, and off-grid project incentives can all help ease BESS use. Forecasts predict 0.53 GW of rooftop solar PV capacity by 2045 and 3.35 GW by 2060. Net metering and solar tariffs boost rooftop solar system profitability. One ton of green hydrogen production requires 55.7 MWh from a solar power plant. Solar power plant capacity will rise to 0.49 GW by 2045, producing 19,359 tons of green hydrogen, and almost quintuple to 89,594 tons by 2060. Hydrogen generation, storage, transit, and distribution require specific infrastructure due to high capital costs and a lack of networks, yet interest in them is growing.
Co-Authors Abdul Wahid, La Ode Muhammad Agus Sugiyono Erwin Siregar Fithri, Silvy Rahmah fitriana, ira Hesty, Nurry Widya Joko Santosa, Joko Wijaya, Prima Trie yudiartono, yudiartono