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All Journal Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan indonesia The Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health Jurnal Kesehatan Vokasional Journal of Public Health Research and Community Health Development (JPH RECODE) Jurnal Keselamatan Kesehatan Kerja dan Lingkungan Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional (National Public Health Journal)
Putro, Edi Karyono
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Computer Science & IT Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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CHEMICAL HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT IN THE METALLURGY DEPARTMENT OF A MINING COMPANY, INDONESIA : A CASE STUDY Savira, Yenni Miranda; Susanto, Arif; Listiarini, Aprilia; Yochu, Wiliam Engelbert; Putro, Edi Karyono; Santoso, Danny Rosalinawati; Willmot, John Charles; Johan, Anita
Journal of Public Health Research and Community Health Development Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023): March
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan, Kedokteran dan Ilmu Alam (FIKKIA), Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jphrecode.v6i2.23367

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: Miners are routinely exposed to various hazardous chemicals entering the body through inhalation, dermal, and ingestion. Although, likely, the long-term health impacts of certain chemicals will only become evident in years to come, the utilization of hazardous chemicals will continue to increase in the coming years, leading to a higher disease burden. Therefore, effective controls for the sound management of chemicals at the workplace shall be implemented. Purpose: This study aimed to assess the chemicals used and analyze the health risks related to the use of the chemicals in the flotation process. Methods: This study was a descriptive case study conducted in Indonesia's gold and copper mining company. We ran the assessment using the Chemical Health Risk Assessment method published by the Department of Safety and Health, Malaysia, Year 2018. The chemicals analyzed were limited to the reagents used in the flotation process in the metallurgy department, which have two possible exposure, inhalation, and dermal routes. Results: The results show three out of seven chemicals have the potential to expose workers through inhalation, which is categorized under medium risk, where xanthate has the highest risk rating (RR=12), which potentially causes health effects related to acute toxicity, specific target organs, and reproductive toxicity. Meanwhile, five out of seven chemicals have the potential to expose workers through dermal, where three chemicals fell into the high-risk category: promoter, frother, and lime (H2), and two chemicals fell into the moderate-risk category: xanthate and solutrix (M2). Adverse health effects from chemical exposures to dermal include irritation, corrosion, and sensitization. Conclusion: The reagents used in the flotation plant exhibited a significant health risk of inhalation and dermal contact with hazardous chemical exposure. The company shall evaluate the hazard and risk from the hazardous chemicals used in the flotation plant and implement adequate controls, considering elimination, substitution, engineering, administrative, and personal protective equipment (PPE) controls to minimize the workers' inhalation and dermal exposure.
Karakterisasi, Analisis Risiko Kesehatan dan Multiple-Path Particle Dosimetry (MPPD) Model Akibat Paparan Uap Las pada Pekerja Bengkel Pengelasan Susanto, Arif; Yudhiantara, Muhamad Rizky; Putro, Edi Karyono; Kara, Prayoga; Hidayah, Nurulia
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 23, No 3 (2024): Oktober 2024
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.23.3.349-361

Abstract

Latar belakang: Pengelasan di industri pengolahan bijih mineral menimbulkan risiko kesehatan bagi pekerja akibat paparan uap las yang mengandung logam berbahaya seperti krom, mangan, tembaga, dan besi. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi risiko kesehatan pekerja di sebuah bengkel las dengan menganalisis data paparan personal dan karakteristik unsur logam spesifik dalam uap las selama periode 2021-2024.Metode: Multi-Path Particulate Dosimetry (MPPD) digunakan untuk menganalisis deposisi partikel di saluran pernapasan pekerja dan pengukuran kadar logam pada uap las menggunakan metode NIOSH 7300 menggunakan instrumen ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma). Analisis risiko dilakukan untuk menilai potensi peningkatan risiko kesehatan, baik karsinogenik maupun non-karsinogenik.Hasil: Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pekerja terpapar uap las dengan konsentrasi logam berbahaya yang tinggi, terutama krom, mangan, dan besi. Nilai risiko karsinogenik (ECR) untuk krom mencapai puncaknya pada tahun 2022 dengan nilai 7,8x10-5, sementara nilai risiko non-karsinogenik logam  mangan mencapai nilai tertinggi pada tahun yang sama dengan HQ sebesar 1568 tertinggi selama empat tahun terakhir, mengindikasikan terjadinya peningkatan risiko kesehatan. Simulasi model MPPD menunjukkan laju deposisi partikel total fume yang cukup tinggi pada tahun 2022, menunjukkan laju deposisi partikel total fume sebesar 0,097 μg/menit dan deposisi partikel total fume per area mencapai 1,27.10-4μg/m2 selama periode pengamatan. Tingginya tingkat paparan dan deposisi partikel ini mengindikasikan risiko tinggi terjadinya penyakit saluran pernafasan, termasuk penyakit paru obstruksi kronis (PPOK) hingga kanker paru. Analisis risiko lebih lanjut mengkonfirmasi hubungan antara paparan  krom dan mangan dengan peningkatan risiko kanker dan efek kesehatan non-kanker. Untuk mengurangi risiko kesehatan pekerja, disarankan penerapan pengendalian teknik seperti perbaikan sistem ventilasi lokal yang efektif, seperti penggunaan fume extractor atau fume hood, serta penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) pernafasan berupa respirator dan pemeriksaan kesehatan berkala juga perlu dilakukan..Simpulan: Pekerja pengelasan di industri pengolahan bijih mineral menghadapi risiko kesehatan yang tinggi akibat paparan uap las mengandung logam berbahaya. Perlu adanya tindakan pengendalian risiko yang komprehensif untuk melindungi kesehatan pekerja. ABSTRACTTittle: Characterization, Health Risk Analysis, and Multiple-Path Particle Dosimetry (MPPD) Model Due to Welding Fume Exposure in Welding Workshop WorkersIntroduction: Welding in the mineral ore processing industry poses significant health risks to workers due to exposure to welding fumes containing hazardous metals such as chromium, manganese, copper, and iron. This study evaluated the health risks of workers in a welding workshop by analyzing personal exposure data and the characteristics of specific metallic elements in welding fumes over the period 2021-2024.Methods: Multi-Path Particulate Dosimetry (MPPD) was used to analyze particle deposition in the respiratory tract of workers, and the metal content in welding fumes was measured using the NIOSH 7300 method with an Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) instrument. Risk assessment was conducted to evaluate the potential increase in both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks.Results: The study showed that workers were exposed to high concentrations of hazardous metals in welding fumes, particularly chromium and manganese. Excess carcinogenic risk (ECR) for chromium peaked in 2022 with a value of 7.8x10-5, while the non-carcinogenic risk (HQ) for manganese reached its highest value in the same year at 1568, indicating an increased health risk. MPPD model simulations showed a significant rate of total fume particle deposition in 2022, with a deposition rate of 0.097 μg/min and a deposition area of 1.27x10-4 μg/m². These high exposure and particle deposition levels indicate a high risk of respiratory diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer. Further risk analysis confirmed the association between exposure to chromium and manganese and an increased risk of cancer and non-cancerous health effects. To reduce worker health risks, it is recommended to implement engineering controls such as improved local ventilation systems, such as using fume extractors or fume hoods, as well as the use of respiratory personal protective equipment (PPE) and regular medical check-up.Conclusion: Welders in the mineral ore processing industry face significant health risks due to exposure to welding fumes containing hazardous metals. Comprehensive risk control measures are needed to protect workers' health.
Risk Assessment of Respirable Dust Exposure to Workers in the Mineral Ore Processing Industry Susanto, Arif; Putro, Edi Karyono; Kusnadi, Saskia Nur Fadhilah; Santoso, Danny Rosalinawati Mak'dika; Manuel, Anthony Androful
The Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health Vol. 13 No. 1 (2024): The Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijosh.v13i1.2024.109-115

Abstract

Introduction: The mineral ore processing industry is a sector that can generate pollutants in the form of dust during the production, commonly known as respirable dust. This dust can enter the upper respiratory tract and lungs, thereby causing health problems to employees working in the mineral ore processing industry. This study aims to investigate health risks associated with exposure to dust in the mineral ore processing industry. Methods: Environmental Health Risk Analysis (EHRA) was used to assess dust exposure over the previous three years, following the NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods (NMAM) 0600 for dust sampling measurement. Results: Seven locations with high dust emissions were considered for this study. The results of the respirable dust sampling showed that the concentrations in the previous three years ranged from 1,823 to 6,109 mg/m3, followed by a decrease in the following year to 0.049 to 2,715 mg/m3. Meanwhile, in the final year, the concentration of respirable dust ranged from 0.094 to 1.341 mg/m3. The calculated risk quotient (RQ) value for the previous three years remained below 1, indicating safety. Conclusion: Athough respirable dust was considered safe in the previous year, it is important to constantly control exposure due to continued high levels and the possibility of future increases
COVID-19 Prevention and Control: Mining Industry Responses to the Pandemic Susanto, Arif; Khaliwa, Agra Mohamad; Iqbal, Muhamad Razif; Putro, Edi Karyono; Abdilah, Asep Dian
Kesmas Vol. 17, No. 5
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The rapidly growing global Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic crisis affects the labor-intensive mining industry. The industry is characterized by high worker mobility and 24-hour operations; thus, this continuous, mobile workforce increases the transmission risk of COVID-19 and has been a challenge for the mining industry during the pandemic. PT X, one of the largest mineral mining locations in Mimika District, Central Papua Province, Indonesia, was challenged to face the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. Therefore, this qualitative study aimed to analyze the COVID-19 handling efforts by PT X Concentrating Division using a descriptive-analytical method to describe the completion of PT X. The assessment aimed to examine nine critical factors formulated by the International Labour Organization and evaluated as practical steps to prevent and mitigate the virus spread in the division. Furthermore, an analysis was conducted on data related to COVID-19 handling. The results showed that the nine critical factors had an average value of 89.41%. These results indicated that the pandemic handling efforts in the division had been implemented well.
Penilian Risiko Paparan Debu Silika Terhadap Pekerja di Industri Pengolahan Bijih Mineral Putro, Edi Karyono; Kusnadi, Saskia Nur Fadhilah; Susanto, Arif; Zannah, Miftahul; Mahalisa, Rizky; Manuel, Anthony Andorful
Jurnal Kesehatan Vokasional Vol 9, No 1 (2024): February
Publisher : Sekolah Vokasi Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jkesvo.87667

Abstract

Latar   Belakang: Proses industri bijih mineral menghasilkan debu silika yang berbahaya bagi kesehatan pekerja. Komposisinya bersifat karsinogenik dan dapat melebihi Nilai Ambang Batas (NAB).Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis risiko paparan debu silika terhadap tiga jenis sistem rotasi kerja di industri pengolahan bijih mineral. Metode: Metode yang digunakan adalah metodologi kuantitatif Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (ARKL) dengan menghitung nilai Excess Cancer Risk (ECR) sesuai dengan kondisi jalur paparan, agen risiko, serta sistem rotasi kerja. Analisis dilakukan pada paparan debu silika tahun 2020 dan 2021. Pengambilan sampel debu silika dilakukan dengan pengukuran yang ditetapkan oleh OSHA-ID142.Hasil: Konsentrasi debu silika pada proses industri bijih mineral melebihi NAB. Pada tahun 2020,paparan debu silika berkisar antara 0.41-2.99 μg/m3, tetapi menurun pada 2021 menjadi 0.05-1.16 μg/m3. Baik pada tahun 2020 maupun 2021, perhitungan ECR berada dalam rentang aman yang ditetapkan oleh United States of Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). Hasil perhitungan ECR di bawah 10-4 untuk ketiga sistem rotasi kerja di semua lokasi pengukuran.Kesimpulan: Konsentrasi debu silika di atas NAB tetapi evaluasi ARKL menunjukkan adanya risiko karsinogenik terhadap tiga jenis rotasi kerja yang berada di bawah batas aman, sehingga hal ini tidak membahayakan pekerja. Industri bijih mineral perlu terus meningkatkan pengendalian debu untuk mengurangi konsentrasi debu silika di bawah NAB.
Penilaian Status Kualitas Air Baku untuk Air Minum di Area Concentrating Division PT Freeport Indonesia Susanto, Arif; Zannah, Miftahul; Putro, Edi Karyono; Manuel, Anthony Andorful; Yochu, Wiliam Engelberth; Mahlisa, Rizky
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 25 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : BRIN Publishing (Penerbit BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/jtl.2024.3561

Abstract

The quality of drinking water necessitated by workers is determined by raw water quality acquired from surface runoff. It shall qualify the Government of Indonesiaꞌs regulation on quality requirements. This research aims to analyze raw water quality used as the primary source of potable water by using The Pollution Index (PI) and Storage & Retrieval (STORET) method. Analysis results of the raw water quality using IP and STORET methods, respectively, scores at 0.612 and 0. This raw water classification meets the required quality metrics since all physical, chemical, and microbiological parameters score below threshold limit values. Based on the STORET method, this raw water is classified as an A category. The raw water quality shall always be assured of being polluted or contaminated. One of the paramount indicators to ensure this quality is to implement laboratory examination and daily inspection routinely toward parameters of physical, chemical, and microbiological presence in the water. Examination results that exceed the thresholds indicate the presence of pollution in the water and shall be immediately rectified. Abstrak Kualitas air minum yang dibutuhkan oleh pekerja ditentukan oleh kualitas air baku yang diperoleh dari surface runoff. Kualitas air baku ini harus memenuhi syarat kualitas yang ditetapkan oleh Pemerintah Republik Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kualitas air baku yang dipergunakan sebagai sumber air minum dengan menggunakan metode Indeks Pencemaran (IP) dan Storage and Retrieval (STORET). Hasil analisis kualitas air baku dengan metode IP dan STORET masing-masing memiliki skor 0,612 dan 0. Klasifikasi air baku dikategorikan memenuhi baku mutu karena semua parameter fisikia, kimia, maupun mikrobiologi memiliki nilai di bawah baku mutu. Klasifikasi air baku ini berdasarkan metode STORET memiliki kategori A. Air baku tersebut harus selalu dipastikan kualitasnya agar tidak tercemar maupun terkontaminasi. Hal yang perlu dipastikan yaitu menerapkan pengujian laboratorium serta pemeriksaan harian secara rutin terhadap kandungan parameter fisika, kimia, dan mikrobiologinya. Hasil pengujian yang melebihi baku mutu mengindikasikan adanya cemaran pada air baku tersebut sehingga harus segera dilakukan tindakan perbaikan.
Interaksi Pengendara dan Pengguna Jalan pada Keselamatan Pekerja di Area Industri Pengolahan Bijih Mineral Susanto, Arif; Putro, Edi Karyono
Jurnal Keselamatan Kesehatan Kerja dan Lingkungan Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): Januari - Juni 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jk3l.5.1.48-57.2024

Abstract

Interaksi kendaraan bergerak (pengendara) dan pengguna jalan (pedestrian) memberikan dampak signifikan terhadap peningkatan angka kecelakaan kerja di area Divisi Concentrating PT Freeport Indonesia (PTFI). Penelitian bertujuan untuk menginterpretasikan kerangka konseptual implementasi keselamatan pekerja pada interaksi pengendara dan pedestrian. Penelitian deskriptif ini merupakan penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan interpretatif. Interprestasi dikembangkan dengan menggunakan data yang ditemukan di lokasi penelitian, yaitu di area industri pengolahan bijih mineral. Penelitian dilakukan pada Januari sampai Februari 2024. Metode observasi digunakan sebagai teknik pengambilan data. Hasil penelitian didapati bahwa dari tiga aspek terkait interaksi pengendara dan pedestrian masih fokus pada faktor jalan/lingkungan dan faktor kendaraan. Pada faktor manusia, kecelakaan kerja yang terjadi akibat interaksi pengendara dan pedestrian paling banyak diakibatkan oleh kelalaian manusia (human error). Upaya pencegahan kecelakaan kerja akibat interaksi pengendara dengan pedestrian, maka disarankan untuk dapat dilakukan audit keselamatan jalan.
Co-Authors Abdilah, Asep Dian Aprilia Listiarini, Aprilia Arif Susanto Hidayah, Nurulia Iqbal, Muhamad Razif Johan, Anita Kara, Prayoga Khaliwa, Agra Mohamad Kusnadi, Saskia Nur Fadhilah Mahalisa, Rizky Mahlisa, Rizky Manuel, Anthony Andorful Manuel, Anthony Androful Santoso, Danny Rosalinawati Santoso, Danny Rosalinawati Mak'dika Savira, Yenni Miranda Willmot, John Charles Yochu, Wiliam Engelbert Yochu, Wiliam Engelberth Yudhiantara, Muhamad Rizky Zannah, Miftahul