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KINETICS OF VEGETABLE WASTE DECOMPOSITION USING FISH VISCERA EXTRACT AND BANANA PSEUDOSTEM IN THE COMPOSTING PROCESS Purnamasari, Syafta Indah; Rachmanto, Tuhu Agung
Lingkar: Journal of Environmental Engineering Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): LINGKAR : Journal of Environmental Engineering
Publisher : Department of Environmental Engineering (Prodi Teknik Lingkungan), Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, UIN Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh

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Abstract

This study investigated the effectiveness of the Takakura bin method for composting household vegetable waste using Fish Offal MOL and Banana Stem MOL as bioactivators. The Takakura method is a simple, aerobic composting technique that utilizes locally available materials—such as fermented microbial solutions and organic matter—to accelerate decomposition under controlled conditions, producing compost safely within a confined bin. The Carbon-to-Nitrogen ratio (C/N), a key indicator of compost maturity, represents the balance between carbon (energy source for microbes) and nitrogen (essential for microbial growth). Optimal composting typically occurs when the C/N ratio decreases from around 25–30:1 to below 20:1, indicating efficient organic matter breakdown. Results showed that compost pH remained between 6.0–7.5 and temperature between 25–30°C, ideal for mesophilic microbial activity. Both MOL treatments enhanced microbial diversity—Bacillus spp. dominated as primary decomposers, while Lactobacillus spp. in Fish Offal MOL helped lower pH and inhibit pathogens. The composting efficiency improved significantly, with faster C/N reduction, greater weight loss, and shorter maturation time. The Fish Offal and Banana Stem MOL bioactivators achieved over 80–90% efficiency in accelerating decomposition, producing mature compost with dark color, earthy odor, and fine texture. These findings confirm that the Takakura bin method, enhanced with MOL bioactivators, provides a highly efficient and eco-friendly solution for household organic waste management.
Perencanaan Tempat Pengolahan Sampah 3R (Reduce Reuse Recycle) di Kecamatan Kesamben Kabupaten Jombang Nanda Henik Pratiwi; Yayok Suryo Purnomo; Rachmanto, Tuhu Agung; Juliardi A.R, Naniek Ratni
Al-Ard: Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan Vol. 8 No. 1 (2022): September
Publisher : Department of Environmental engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Islamic State University Sunan Ampel Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29080/alard.v8i1.1513

Abstract

The increase in the amount of waste coupled with the lack of waste management facilities, as well as the lack of knowledge and public awareness in managing waste causes the accumulation of waste to have an impact on environmental pollution. In the Kesamben sub-district, Jombang, there is no waste management facility, so people choose to do open burning, throw garbage on the side of the road, and even throw garbage directly into the river. From these problems, a TPS 3R was planned in Kesamben District. In planning the TPS 3R, population data and population projections, waste generation data, waste composition, waste generation projections and local area HSPK are required. Data collection on waste generation and composition was carried out by sampling at residents' homes. The results of the sampling obtained the weight of waste generation of 0.1393 kg/person/day with a waste volume of 0.0022 m3/person/day. The composition of the waste consists of organic waste, plastic, paper, cloth/textile, glass, Styrofoam, and diapers. With the percentage of waste composition, respectively, namely 64.55%; 19.7%; 8.49%; 1.71%; 0.41%; 0.75%; and 4.38%. From this data, a TPS 3R building is planned which can process waste up to a volume of 164.55 m3/day. Consists of a reception room, sorting room, inorganic waste storage room, plastic waste processing unit, organic waste processing unit, liquid organic fertilizer storage room, residual waste storage room, and supporting facilities. From the planning that has been done, it takes a budget plan of Rp2.052.524.176,35.
Kinetika Hidrolisis Selulosa Menjadi Glukosa Pada Limbah Kulit Nanas (Ananas comosus) Menggunakan Enzim Selulase Annidya, Putri Azmi; Rachmanto, Tuhu Agung; Novembrianto, Rizka
Journal of Natural Sciences Vol 6, No 3 (2025): Journal of Natural Sciences November
Publisher : Mahesa Research Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34007/jonas.v6i3.1033

Abstract

Pineapple peel waste (Ananas comosus) is a source of organic waste with high lignocellulose content that has the potential to be utilized through a bioconversion process into glucose. This study aims to determine the Michaelis–Menten kinetic equation of cellulose hydrolysis into glucose using cellulase enzymes and analyze the effect of substrate concentration (1–5% w/v) and hydrolysis time (60–180 minutes) on the reaction rate. The research stages include delignification using 5% NaOH at 80ºC and enzymatic hydrolysis with 10% cellulase at pH 5 and 50ºC. Glucose levels were measured using a Brix refractometer through a standard glucose solution calibration method. The results showed an increase in glucose concentration over time and substrate concentration, with the highest conversion of 91.5% at 5% substrate. Kinetic analysis using the Michaelis–Menten equation yielded an average reaction rate constant (k) of 0.3328 min⁻¹, with the highest k of 0.3828 min⁻¹ and the highest Michaelis–Menten constant ( ) of 2.357 mg·L⁻¹ at a substrate concentration of 5%. A significant increase in  from 0.2403 (1%) to 2.357 (5%) indicates a decrease in enzyme affinity due to substrate saturation. Therefore, a concentration of 5% is considered the optimal condition for the cellulose hydrolysis process, confirming the potential of pineapple peel waste as an efficient substrate source.
Pengaruh Desain Impeller terhadap Perilaku Hidrodinamika dan Efisiensi Penyisihan TSS serta Kekeruhan pada Proses Koagulasi Flokulasi Maharani, Cahya Nova Putri; Rachmanto, Tuhu Agung
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Januari 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

Domestic wastewater pollution remains a significant environmental issue in Indonesia, characterized by high levels of Total Suspended Solids (TSS) and turbidity that exceed quality standards. One of the effective treatment methods is the coagulation flocculation process, which involves the addition of chemical coagulants, such as Poly Aluminium Chloride (PAC). This study aims to analyze the influence of hydrodynamic variables, including the presence of baffles, impeller types (paddle, turbine, and propeller), and impeller installation height, on flow patterns, floc formation, and the removal efficiency of TSS and turbidity. Experiments were conducted using a laboratory scale tank with impeller positions varied at 30–50% of the impeller diameter from the bottom of the tank. The results showed that the flow pattern within the tank was significantly affected by the impeller design and installation height, while the presence of baffles with small dimensions tended to accelerate floc breakage. The optimum condition was achieved using a turbine with four flat blades and a vaned disc, installed at a height of 3.0 cm from the tank bottom without baffles, resulting in TSS and turbidity removal efficiencies of up to 91.67% and 83.27%, respectively. This study highlights the critical role of hydrodynamic variables in enhancing the effectiveness of the coagulation flocculation process for domestic wastewater treatment.
Analisis Dampak Lingkungan Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca Menggunakan Metode Life Cycle Assessment di Perusahaan Penyedia Layanan dan Perakitan Sistem Turbocharger Suhada, Aisyah Ramadhanti; Murti, Restu Hikmah Ayu; Rachmanto, Tuhu Agung; Wibisana, Hendrata; Rosariawari, Firra
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Januari 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the industrial sector have a significant impact on global climate change. To assess the overall environmental impact, an analysis capable of mapping emissions from various operational activities is required. This study aims to analyze GHG emissions in a manufacturing company that focuses on turbocharger system assembly and services using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method. The analysis was conducted with reference to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines and openLCA software, with the scope of research covering the transportation and energy sectors within the company. The inventory results show that the energy sector is the main contributor to emissions, with the largest impact category being climate change (GWP 100a). Next, a scenario analysis was conducted, namely real conditions, the use of solar panels, the use of diesel fuel, and a mixture. A comparison of the scenarios showed that the use of renewable energy in the form of solar panels could significantly reduce GHG emissions compared to the current conditions. This study confirms that the application of LCA can provide a quantitative picture of the potential environmental impact and serve as a scientific basis for formulating GHG emission management strategies in the industrial sector.
Analisis Pengaruh Debit dan Dosis FeSO4 Terhadap Penghilangan Cr6+ Pada Sistem Pengolahan Air Limbah Industri Pertambangan Nikel Wibowo, Reonald Adhi; Rachmanto, Tuhu Agung
Environmental Engineering Journal ITATS Vol 6, No 1 (2026): Environmental Engineering Journal ITATS
Publisher : Teknik Lingkungan, Institut Teknologi Adhi Tama Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31284/j.envitats.2026.v6i1.8420

Abstract

This study aims to analyse the relationship between flow rate and FeSO₄ dosage on the amount of Cr⁶⁺ load treated in a nickel mining wastewater treatment system. Data was obtained from seven Sediment Ponds (SDPs) operating in the mining area. The parameters analysed included flow rate (m³/day), actual FeSO₄ dosage (kg/day), and influent and effluent Cr⁶⁺ loads (kg/day). The treated Cr⁶⁺ load was calculated from the difference between the influent and effluent loads at each SDP. Correlation and regression analyses were used to examine the operational trends between variables. The results showed that the flow rate had a linear relationship with the treated Cr⁶⁺ load because the load parameter was mathematically dependent on the flow rate. The FeSO₄ dosage showed a strong positive relationship with the treated Cr⁶⁺ load, reflecting the operational adjustment between coagulant requirements and pollutant load. These findings provide a technical overview that the proportional adjustment of flow rate and chemical dosage is an important aspect in the effectiveness of the Cr⁶⁺ reduction process in mine wastewater treatment systems.
Analysis of the Settling Ponds Effectiveness in Reducing the Quality of Bauxite Ore Mining Wastewater: Analisis Efektivitas Settling Pond dalam Menurunkan Mutu Air Limbah Tambang Bijih Bauksit Sairuddin, Rudy Mohammad; Rachmanto, Tuhu Agung; Maulana, Akmal Dzikri
JATI EMAS (Jurnal Aplikasi Teknik dan Pengabdian Masyarakat) Vol. 10 No. 2 (2026): Jati Emas (Jurnal Aplikasi Teknik dan Pengabdian Masyarakat)
Publisher : DPD Jatim Perkumpulan Dosen Indonesia Semesta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36339/je.v10i2.509

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Settling Pond (SP) system in reducing the pollutant load of bauxite ore mining wastewater and formulate technical recommendations for optimizing its performance. The evaluation was conducted through analysis of water quality parameters (Total Suspended Solid/TSS, pH, Fe, and Mn) and hydraulic characteristics using Reynolds (Re) and Froude (Fr) numbers. The SP system studied consisted of 10 units with four compartments involving gravity sedimentation processes and the addition of coagulant chemicals. The results of the study showed that the TSS removal efficiency reached 94%, with a decrease in concentration from 1,200 mg/L at the inlet to 120 mg/L at the outlet. Hydraulic conditions showed laminar flow (Re < 500) and subcritical (Fr < 1) which supported the optimal sedimentation process. The effluent quality met environmental quality standards according to applicable regulations. This study confirms that the SP system plays an important role as a water pollution control technology in bauxite mining activities. Optimization of residence time, coagulant dosage adjustment, and routine maintenance are recommended to continuously improve system performance.
KINETIKA REAKSI PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENS PADA PROSES FERMENTASI AIR LINDI Firmansyah, Ghany; Rachmanto, Tuhu Agung; Novembrianto , Rizka
BIOLOVA Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Volume 7 Nomor 1 Maret Tahun 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/biolova.v7i1.10548

Abstract

Abstrak: Air lindi merupakan limbah cair hasil dekomposisi sampah di Tempat Pemrosesan Akhir (TPA) yang berpotensi mencemari lingkungan karena kandungan bahan organik dan logam beratnya yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinetika pertumbuhan bakteri Pseudomonas fluorescens serta karakteristik fisik hasil fermentasi air lindi. Proses fermentasi dilakukan secara aerob selama 8 hari dengan variasi volume inokulum bakteri 5 mL, 7 mL, dan 10 mL dalam 100 mL air lindi. Parameter yang diamati meliputi pH, suhu, konsentrasi C-organik, dan jumlah koloni bakteri. Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan pertumbuhan bakteri secara signifikan pada fase logaritmik dengan pola linear hubungan antara ln(CA0/CA) dan ln(CC/CC0). Nilai koefisien determinasi (R²) mendekati 1, yang mengindikasikan kesesuaian dengan model kinetika pertumbuhan. Selain itu, terjadi penurunan kandungan C-organik dan logam berat, serta perubahan karakteristik fisik air lindi yang menunjukkan peningkatan kualitas hasil fermentasi. Dengan demikian, fermentasi air lindi menggunakan Pseudomonas fluorescens berpotensi mengurangi dampak pencemaran dan meningkatkan nilai guna air lindi sebagai hasil olahan ramah lingkungan. Abstract: Leachate is a liquid waste generated from the decomposition of solid waste in landfill sites, which has the potential to pollute the environment due to its high content of organic matter and heavy metals. This study aims to analyze the growth kinetics of Pseudomonas fluorescens and the physical characteristics of leachate after the fermentation process. The fermentation was carried out aerobically for 8 days with variations of bacterial inoculum volumes of 5 mL, 7 mL, and 10 mL in 100 mL of leachate. The observed parameters included pH, temperature, C-organic concentration, and bacterial colony count. The results showed a significant increase in bacterial growth during the logarithmic phase, following a linear relationship between ln(CA0/CA) and ln(CC/CC0). The determination coefficient (R²) values were close to 1, indicating good conformity with the microbial growth kinetics model. In addition, there was a reduction in C-organic and heavy metal contents, as well as changes in the physical characteristics of the leachate, indicating improved quality of the fermentation product. Therefore, leachate fermentation using Pseudomonas fluorescens has the potential to reduce environmental pollution and enhance the usability of leachate as an environmentally friendly processed product.