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All Journal CURRENT INTERNAL MEDICINE RESEARCH AND PRACTICE SURABAYA JOURNAL Biomedika
Utama, I Made Susila
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Comorbid Diseases and Outcomes of Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients Admitted to an Indonesian Intensive Care Unit from May to October 2021 Siahaan, Katrin Wilentina; Somia, I Ketut Agus; Utama, I Made Susila; Dian, Ni Made Dewi; Gayatri, Anak Agung Ayu Yuli; Purnamasidhi, Cokorda Agung Wahyu; Merati, Ketut Tuti Parwati
Current Internal Medicine Research and Practice Surabaya Journal Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): CURRENT INTERNAL MEDICINE RESEARCH AND PRACTICE SURABAYA JOURNAL
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/cimrj.v5i2.54859

Abstract

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2). The spread of COVID-19 has become a worldwide health threat, with 583,038,110 cases and a death toll of 6,416,023. This study attempted to determine the relationship of age, sex, and comorbid diseases with the outcomes of critically ill COVID-19 patients at Prof. Dr. IGNG Ngoerah Central General Hospital, Denpasar, Indonesia. Methods: This analytic study employed a retrospective approach, analyzing secondary data from medical records using a purposive sampling method. The research included univariate analysis, bivariate analysis using the chi-square test, and multivariate analysis using a general linear model performed with the assistance of IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 23.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, N.Y., USA). A statistical analysis result with a p-value of less than 0.05 was deemed significant. Results: A total of 264 critically ill COVID-19 patients were hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit of Prof. Dr. IGNG Ngoerah Central General Hospital from May to October 2021. Comorbid diseases were present in 215 patients. The comorbid diseases that had the greatest impact on increasing mortality were diabetes mellitus, hypertension, kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease (p=0.000–0.006, 95% CI). Conclusion: Age and sex do not have any significant relationship with the outcomes of critically ill COVID-19 patients. Meanwhile, comorbid diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and renal and cardiovascular diseases, pose a significant impact on the mortality rate of critically ill COVID-19 patients.   Highlights: 1. This study investigated patients who were critically ill with COVID-19 to determine the relationship between age, sex, comorbidities, and patient outcomes. 2. The findings of this study may provide additional data on the impact of comorbidities on the severity of COVID-19, which can be valuable to prevent mortality due to the infection.
External Validation of AI-powered GeNose C19 to Diagnose Volatile Organic Compounds in COVID-19 Patients Tested at Udayana University Academic Hospital Purnamasidhi, Cokorda Agung Wahyu; Darwinata, Agus Eka; Utama, I Made Susila; Merati, Ketut Tuti Parwati; Harkitasari, Saktivi; Junior, Darren; Diksha, I Gusti Ngurah Ariestha Satya; Suteja, Richard Christian
Biomedika Vol 16, No 2 (2024): Biomedika Agustus 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v16i2.3940

Abstract

In search for potential alternatives to RT-PCR, Gadjah Mada University developed GeNose C19 which was deemed to have high sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV. The objective of this study is to contribute to the development of GeNose C19 by means of external validation conducted in Udayana University Academic Hospital, Bali. This was a cross-sectional study conducted on adults above 17 years old. Demographic variables, symptoms, vaccination status, GeNose C19 results, and RT-PCR results were measured. We analyzed the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV using respective appropriate formulas and the impact of other variables gathered towards accuracy by means of Chi-squared test, Mann-Whitney U test and independent-samples T test. The results showed that the subjects included in this study were 50.8% female and had a mean (IQR) age of 23.0 (21.0-27.5) years old. Only three subjects (2.5%) showed COVID-19-related symptoms such as cough (1.7%), flu (0.8%), fever (0.8%), and headache (0.8%). GeNose C19 yields a sensitivity of 83.1%, a specificity of 73.6%, PPV of 79.4%, and NPV of 78.0%. There were no variables that significantly affect the accuracy of GeNose C19. Further study is still required to validate GeNose C19’s performance in different environmental conditions and multiple different races.
Co-Authors Agus Eka Darwinata Cokorda Agung Wahyu Purnamasidhi Dian, Ni Made Dewi Diksha, I Gusti Ngurah Ariestha Satya Gayatri, Anak Agung Ayu Yuli I Ketut Agus Somia Junior, Darren Ketut Tuti Parwati Merati Saktivi Harkitasari, Saktivi Siahaan, Katrin Wilentina Suteja, Richard Christian