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All Journal TEKNIK Rekayasa Mesin Angkasa: Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Teknologi Journal of Health Science and Prevention Jurnal Teknik Mesin Indonesia International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Technologies and Applications (MECHTA) Journal of Mechanical Design and Testing (JMDT) ASEAN Journal for Science and Engineering in Materials J-Proteksion : Jurnal Kajian Ilmiah dan Teknologi Teknik Mesin
Muhammad Akhsin Muflikhun
Universitas Gadjah Mada
Aerospace Engineering Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Energy Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Nursing Public Health

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Journal : ASEAN Journal for Science and Engineering in Materials

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Fabrication of Synthetic Lumbar Vertebrae by a Combination of FDM 3D-Printing and PU Foam Casting from Two Injection Techniques for Surgical Training Triawan, Farid; Khoiriyah, Nisa; Asriyanti, A.; Utomo, Muhammad Satrio; Saptaji, Kushendarsyah; Fernandez, Nikolas Krisma Hadi; Muflikhun, Muhammad Akhsin
ASEAN Journal for Science and Engineering in Materials Vol 5, No 1 (2026): (ONLINE FIRST) AJSEM: Volume 5, Issue 1, March 2026
Publisher : Bumi Publikasi Nusantara

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Abstract

This study aims to introduce a rapid and precise fabrication technique of lumbar vertebrae model that mimics the cortical and cancellous parts of the bone using polylactic acid (PLA) and polyurethane (PU) foam, respectively. An FDM 3D-printing using PLA filament was utilized to fabricate the cortical part, then PU foam was molded into the printed cortical to form the cancellous part. The fabricated model was examined by comparing its dimensions with the stereolithography (STL) model. Sequentially, density measurement, compressive test, and microstructure observation were performed to evaluate the specimen characteristics. The results showed that the dimensions of the vertebrae model agreed well with the STL model, with a discrepancy of less than 4%. The fabricated PU samples exhibited a density in the range of 476–557 kg/m³, elastic moduli of 3.99–7.17 MPa, and a pore size of 136.66–179.80 µm, which are lower than the properties of human bone. Despite that, the PU samples maintain their compressive strength of 0.329–0.589 MPa, which is within the range of cancellous human bone.
Co-Authors Adhi Tri Setiono Aditya, Muhammad Randi Nur Akhmad Tito Fismatika Akhmad Tito Fismatika Akmal Irfan Majid Anindhita Yudha Cahyaningtyas Anindhita Yudha Cahyaningtyas Ardi Wiranata Ariyadi, Hifni Muchtar Ariyadi, Hifni Mukhtar Asriyanti, A. Budi Arifvianto Cahyaningtyas, Anindhita Yudha Christiana Arin Proborini Chua, Alvin Y. Darmawan, Muhammad Rakhadzaky Indra Divlan Audie Sentanu Estiningtyas Estiningtyas Estiningtyas Estiningtyas, Estiningtyas Fathurrohman , Nur Kholis Fernandez, Nikolas Krisma Hadi Gunawan, N. P. Herianto Herianto Jayan Sentanuhady Khoiriyah, Nisa Kushendarsyah Saptaji Kusni, Muhammad Muslim Mahardika Nugraha, Ariyana Dwiputra Nugroho, Alvin Dio Prashida, W. Putro, Ardi Jati Nugroho Raditya, T. Y. Rashyid, Muhammad Ibnu Rohadi Satrio Budi Utomo, Rohadi Satrio S Suyitno Santos, Gil Nonato C. Saputra , Imam Saputro, W. Seno Darmanto Shanaswara , Adhira Azhari Tanbar, Fefria Triawan, Farid Utomo, Faris Fadhil Utomo, Muhammad Satrio Vitayanti Fattah Wibisono, Muhammad Maheswara