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Immune Response toward Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection Ikram Hasanuddin, Abdi Dzul; Roswita, Nanang; Virnanda Amu, Ivan
Green Medical Journal Vol 2 No 2 August (2020): Green Medical Journal
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/gmj.v2i2.47

Abstract

Understanding the human immune response toward Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is important for controlling its infection. Its transmission through the air consists of "droplets nuclei" containing TB bacilli. After initial infection, the human body will provide diverse immune responses and will determine different clinico-histopathologic finding. This response starts from innate immunity that consists of phagocytosis by distal alveolar macrophages or nasal microfold cells, then will be continued by dendritic cells to be transferred to mediastinal lymph nodes to induced adaptive immune responses. This response is mediated by cells through IFN- γ signaling which will enhance phagocytosis. If this response is effective, there will be a latent infection with an initial histopathological finding of caseosa granulomas and predominantly followed by chronic granulomas. In a few cases, it can be reactivated via the IL-10 activation pathway and exogenous factors, it will induce a great adaptive immune reaction and provide more severe clinico-histopathological manifestation. The existence of the human body's immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, etiher innate or adaptive immunity will determine the clinical course and pathology that will occur.
Stress Level And Hemodialysis Duration Of Patients With Chronic Kidney Failure Undergoing Hemodialysis Soeli, Yuniar M.; Amu, Ivan Virnanda; Sune, Ziah Anisa
Jurnal Aisyah : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Vol 6 (2021): Special Issue GINC
Publisher : Universitas Aisyah Pringsewu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1391.609 KB) | DOI: 10.30604/jika.v6iS1.773

Abstract

Kidney failure is a chronic and irreversible impaired kidney function. End-stage kidney disease requires therapy, namely hemodialysis using a dialysis machine, in which the process takes a long time. Such a duration of therapy can lead to anxiety and stress to the patient. The study aims to determine the relationship between stress level and hemodialysis duration among patients with chronic kidney failure who underwent hemodialysis at Toto Kabila Regional Public Hospital.This research employed a cross-sectional method involving patients suffering from kidney failure and undergoing hemodialysis as the population. Further, the sample consisted of 29 respondents with a total sampling technique. The results showed that one respondent (3.4%) experienced normal stress, eight respondents (27.6%) had mild stress, 15 respondents (51.7%) got moderate stress, and five respondents (17.2%) experienced severe stress. In addition, two respondents underwent hemodialysis therapy for less than 6 months, and 27 respondents (93.1%) were under the therapy for more than 6 months.All in all, stress level relates to hemodialysis therapy of patients with chronic kidney failure who undergo hemodialysis in the aforementioned hospital. The p-value was 0.021 less than 0.05, indicating that Ha is accepted. It is suggested that people think positively and composedly during circumstances to live a better life.