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All Journal Warisan: Journal of History and Cultural Heritage Polyscopia
Harifin, Harifin
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Religion Arts Humanities Social Sciences Other

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Analisis Sejarah Penyebab Awal Konflik antara Amerika Serikat dan Iran Purba, Jesika Indah Sari; Harifin, Harifin; Simamora, Shintya; Nazwa, M. Dirham; Br Perangin-angin, Desta Riani; br Sembiring, Santa Hoky
Polyscopia Vol. 1 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Medan Resource Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57251/polyscopia.v1i3.1367

Abstract

The conflict between the United States and Iran is one of the most prominent and complex geopolitical issues in the world. This research aims to analyze the initial causes of the conflict between the two countries from a historical perspective. It begins in the early 20th century with the increasing Western interest in Iranian oil and covers the fall of Prime Minister Mohammad Mossadegh in 1953 through a CIA-backed coup, which was a pivotal moment affecting bilateral relations. The study also examines the 1979 Iranian Revolution, which ended the US-backed Shah's regime and marked the start of open hostility. Using historical research methods and document analysis, the study identifies economic, political, and ideological factors that contributed to the escalation of the conflict. The findings show that a combination of foreign intervention, economic interests, and domestic political changes in Iran have played a crucial role in shaping the hostility between the United States and Iran. These insights provide a deeper understanding of the root causes underlying the ongoing conflict.
The Impact of the Ethical Policy on the Development of Education in Early 20th Century Indonesia Marpaung, Adrian; Harifin, Harifin; Zebua, Irvan; Sinaga, Rosmaida
Warisan: Journal of History and Cultural Heritage Vol 5, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Mahesa Research Center (PT. Mahesa Global Publishing)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34007/warisan.v5i2.2389

Abstract

This study examines the impact of the Ethical Policy on the development of education in early 20th-century Indonesia, focusing on the Dutch colonial government's efforts to improve the social and economic conditions of the indigenous population. The research explores how the Ethical Policy influenced the colonial education system and brought about significant changes in educational access for indigenous communities. Using a historical analysis approach, the study draws from primary sources, such as colonial policy documents, and secondary sources that analyze the societal impact of education policies. The findings reveal that while the Ethical Policy increased educational opportunities, these were mainly accessible to the elite class, limiting broader educational access among the indigenous population. However, the policy inadvertently set the stage for an intellectual awakening that spurred anti-colonial resistance. The study concludes that the Ethical Policy, while aimed at the welfare of the indigenous people, primarily benefited the elite, inadvertently fostering nationalistic sentiment among educated Indonesians.
Co-Authors Br Perangin-angin, Desta Riani br Sembiring, Santa Hoky Marpaung, Adrian Nazwa, M. Dirham Purba, Jesika Indah Sari Rosmaida Sinaga Simamora, Shintya Zebua, Irvan