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Validity test of POCT (Point of Care Testing) method on blood glucose examination using whole blood samples, serum, and EDTA plasma Kafesa, Ally; Noviyanti, Santi; Nurdin, Nurdin; Sutomi, Muhammad Alwi
Asian Journal of Health and Applied Sciences Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022): Asian Journal of Health and Applied Sciences (AJHAS)
Publisher : Lighthouse Publishing

Medical laboratory services can support disease diagnosis or monitor patient recovery. The reality of the POCT method has been widely used by clinical laboratories. The tool is not only used for screening but is also used to check the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. This research aims to determine the validity of the POCT method on whole blood, serum, and plasma EDTA samples on blood glucose tests. The research method of this study used the descriptive-analytical method using the POCT method on blood glucose tests using three different types of samples, whole blood, serum, and plasma EDTA. Precision tests were accepted on normal and pathological serum samples with CV% of 2.02% and 2.27%. The accuracy test was accepted on a normal and pathological serum with TE% values of 8.54% and 6.03%. The linearity test is accepted on serum–plasma EDTA samples with an r2 value of 0.998. The sigma values are in the unacceptable area. The use of the POCT tool for blood glucose examination has a valid performance value. The deviation of the examination results is influenced by pre-analytical errors such as sampling and processing samples so that the total error obtained is higher than the total allowed error. The POCT tool can be used for all types of samples.

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR KOMORBID PENYAKIT DIABETES MELITUS TIPE-II BERDASARKAN PARAMETER HBA1C Kristin, Wulan; Kafesa, Ally
JKM (Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat) Cendekia Utama Vol 12, No 1 (2024): JKM (Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat) Cendekia Utama
Publisher : STIKES Cendekia Utama Kudus

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31596/jkm.v12i1.2080

Diabetes mellitus (DM) adalah salah satu penyakit metabolik yang memiliki karakteristik kadar gula darah yang tinggi karena kelainan sekresi insulin, kelainan kerja insulin atau gabungan dari keduanya. Pemeriksaan kadar HbA1c dan tingkat keparahan RD serta hubungannya dengan faktor-faktor demografis seperti usia dan jenis kelamin. Tanda-tanda kerusakan kapiler retina pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 1 dan tipe 2 termasuk penglihatan kabur, mrlihat bintik-bintik hitam, dan penglihatan yang memburuk di malam hari. Pada penderita diabetes mellitus tipe 2, kendali glukosa darah yang tidak terkontrol dengan baik, durasi diabetes yang lama, tekanan darah tinggi (hipertensi), riwayat merokok, dan kadar kolesterol yang tidak seimbang adalah beberapa faktor yang dapat meningkatkan kemungkinan komplikasi retinopati diabetik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor komorbid penyakit diabetes melitus tipe II berdasarkan parameter HbA1c. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan literatur review dari beberapa jurnal nasional dan internasional. Hasil penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan antara kadar HbA1c dengan retinopati diabetik dan menunjukkan adanya korelasi yang tinggi terhadap kadar HbA1c pada retinopati diabetik. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa hubungan antara kadar HbA1c dan tingkat keparahan retinopati diabetik proliferatif (PDR), yang merupakan komplikasi mata yang paling parah ditemukan.

Molecular identification of the bacterium acute conjunctivitis by the method of sequensing gen 16S rRNA Murtafi'ah, Ni'matul; Kafesa, Ally; Wahid, Aziz Ansori
JURNAL INDONESIA DARI ILMU LABORATORIUM MEDIS DAN TEKNOLOGI Vol 6 No 1 (2024): Advancements in Biomedical Research: Insights from Medical Laboratory and Technol
Publisher : Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33086/ijmlst.v6i1.5207

Conjunctivitis is the most common eye disease, characterized by contextual inflammation, which can be caused by bacteria. The diagnosis of conjunctivitis is established based various factors, including the patients’s medical history, onset of eye symptoms, non-ocular symptoms, previous disease history, family medical history, allergies, and physical examination of the eyes, which may include assessments of visual acuity and vision field. Some cases of conjunctivitis require laboratory examinations to confirm the diagnosis. These may include cytological examination with Giemsa staining, Chlamydia Diagnostic Test, Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) or Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and microbiological tests. Microbiological examination helps identify the bacteria responsible for conjunctivitis and aids in treatment by prescribing antibiotics to suppress the growth of the infecting bacteria. While identification tests are not routinely performed, researchers often seek to determine the specific type of bacteria causing conjunctivitis infections, which may require several laboratory tests. Bacterial virulence plays a significant role, with genetic mutations potentially leading to severe infections of varying severity. Virulence genes encode proteins that express pathogenic properties. The species responsible for conjunctivitis can be definitively identified definitively through microbiological examination, utilizing methods such as the 16S Ribosomal RNA Sequencing (rRNA) technique, known for its accuracy and speed. This study aims to analyze the results of rRNA sequencing in cases of acute bacterial conjunctivitis caused by 16S rRNA genotyping. The research employed an exploratory metholodolot, with the results analyzed using the The Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) tracking program database on the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) website. The findings revealed that Sphingomonas paucimobilis encoded the 16S rRNA using Universal Primary 27 F and 1492 R, obtained in a sequence size of 1351bp. The isolate demonstrated similarities to Sphingomonas paucimobilis.

Variasi Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Tumbuhan dengan Kandungan Senyawa Tanin terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus Nabil, Lulu; Kafesa, Ally
MAHESA : Malahayati Health Student Journal Vol 4, No 5 (2024): Volume 4 Nomor 5 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/mahesa.v4i5.14687

ABSTRACT Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogenic bacteria that causes various health problems. This research focuses on variations in the antibacterial activity of plant ethanol extracts containing tannin compounds against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. To determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extracts from plants with tannin compounds. The extraction method using ethanol aims to extract active compounds containing tannin which are known to have antibacterial properties. The results of the research showed that the average inhibition zone on each leaf had an inhibition zone diameter of 6.4 mm with a medium category for bacteria. Green Betel Leaves have the largest inhibition zone diameter, namely 26.3mm. The ethanol extract of each leaf contains tannin compounds and has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus, Antibacterial, Ethanol ABSTRAK Staphylococcus aureus merupakan bakteri patogen yang menimbulkan berbagai masalah kesehatan. Penelitian ini fokus pada variasi aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak etanol tumbuhan yang mengandung senyawa tanin terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Untuk mengetahui aktifitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol dari tumbuhan dengan senyawa tanin. Metode ekstraksi menggunakan etanol bertujuan untuk mengekstrak senyawa aktif dengan kandungan tanin yang dikenal memiliki sifat antibakteri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata zona hambat pada masing masing daun memiliki diameter zona hambat yaitu 6.4 mm dengan kategori sedang pada bakteri. Daun Sirih Hijau memiliki diameter zona hambat paling besar yaitu 26,3mm. Ekstrak etanol pada masing masing daun yang memiliki senyawa tanin dan memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Kata Kunci: Staphylococcus Aureus, Antibakteri, Etanol

Kajian Kandidiasis dari Berbagai Sampel Klinis Laboratorium (Urine, Feses, dan Darah) Sari, Laila; Kafesa, Ally
MAHESA : Malahayati Health Student Journal Vol 4, No 11 (2024): Volume 4 Nomor 11 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/mahesa.v4i11.16264

ABSTRACT Candida fungal infection is a group of normal microorganisms in the body. Candida sp. is well adapted to the body (pH, temperature, osmotic pressure, etc.) which is used to avoid the body's defense system, thus changing the saprophytic nature into a pathogen that damages body tissue. To detect Candida sp. infection can be done by examining laboratory clinical samples using urine, feces and blood. This research study to find out how Candida sp. can be found in these clinical samples. The review of scientific articles is descriptive using the cross sectional method. The results of this research study Candida sp. has predisposing factors that trigger its growth, such as age and gender, hygiene, use of antibiotic drugs, increased estrogen hormones. Candidiasis easily infects people with Diabetes Mellitus, Tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), and transmission through health services. The Candida species most commonly found in urine clinical samples reaching 63% and feces samples reaching 65.6% were C. albicans species. Meanwhile, the most common species found in clinical blood samples reaching 62.8% was C. non-albicans species. Conclusion: Candida sp. can be found in laboratory clinical samples based on the conditions and predisposing factors in an individual. Keywords: Candidemia, Candidiasis, Laboratory Clinical Samples ABSTRAK Infeksi jamur Candida merupakan sekelompok mikroorganisme normal dalam tubuh. Candida sp. mudah beradaptasi dengan baik pada tubuh (pH, suhu, tekanan osmotik, dan lain – lain) yang dimanfaatkan untuk terhindar dari sistem pertahanan tubuh, sehingga berubah sifat saprofit menjadi patogen yang merusak jaringan tubuh. Untuk mendeteksi infeksi Candida sp. dapat dilakukan dengan pemeriksaan sampel klinis laboratorium menggunakan urine, feses dan darah. Pada kajian penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana Candida sp. dapat ditemukan dalam sampel klinis tersebut. Kajian artikel ilmiah adalah deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode cross sectional. Hasil kajian penelitian ini Candida sp. memiliki faktor – faktor predisposisi yang memicu pertumbuhannya, seperti usia dan jenis kelamin, higienitas, penggunaan obat antibiotik, peningkatan hormon estrogen. Kandidiasis dengan mudah menginfeksi penderita Diabetes Mellitus, Tuberkulosis, HIV/AIDS, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), dan penularan melalui pelayanan kesehatan. Spesies Candida yang paling banyak ditemukan di dalam sampel klinis urine mencapai 63% dan sampel feses mencapai 65,6% adalah spesies C. albicans. Sedangkan, spesies yang paling banyak ditemukan pada sampel klinis darah mencapai 62,8% adalah spesies C. non-albicans. Candida sp. dapat ditemukan pada sampel klinis laboratorium berdasarkan kondisi dan faktor predisposisi pada suatu individu. Kata Kunci: Kandidemia, Kandidiasis, Sampel Klinis Laboratorium

Analisis Stabilitas Glukosa, Trigliserida Dan Albumin Pada Pooled Serum Diona, Adara Aurelia; Kafesa, Ally
MAHESA : Malahayati Health Student Journal Vol 4, No 11 (2024): Volume 4 Nomor 11 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/mahesa.v4i11.16205

ABSTRACT The use of pooled sera made from leftover patient samples is one alternative to reduce laboratory quality control costs. Researchers aim to determine the stability of pooled serum as a control material for the parameters glucose, triglycerides and albumin. descriptive research with literature review method. The data source used is secondary data. The main source of article search by SINTA- Science and Technology. Analysis of the results used in this study is an analytical method. Month 1 CV glucose levels using pooled serum 5.31%, on commercial serum 7.91%. Month 2 pooled serum 4.87%, commercial serum 6.9%. Month 3 CV pooled serum 2.33%, commercial serum 4.61%. Month 1 CV of triglyceride using pooled serum 1.84%, commercial serum 3.47%. Month 2 pooled serum 1.63%, commercial serum 3.71%. Month 3 CV pooled serum 1.79%, commercial serum 3.30%. Month 1 CV results of albumin levels using pooled serum 5.66%, commercial serum 5.69%. Month 2 CV pooled serum 4.46% and commercial serum 6.32%. Month 3 CV on pooled serum 4.85%, commercial 5.72%. Based on the results of the examination of glucose, triglyceride and albumin levels using pooled serum stored at -20 oC, the results were quite stable in the parameters of triglycerides and albumin. Keywords: Albumin, Glucose, Pooled Serum, Stability, Triglycerides ABSTRAK Pemakaian pooled serum yang terbuat dari sisa sampel pasien merupakan salah satu alternatif untuk mengurangi biaya pengendalian mutu laboratorium. Peneliti bertujuan mengetahui kestabilan pooled serum sebagai bahan kontrol pada parameter glukosa, trigliserida dan albumin. Penelitian desktiptif menggunakan metode literature review. Sumber data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder. Sumber pencarian artikel utama oleh SINTA- Science and Technology. Analisis data yang digunakan pada penelitian menggunakan metode analitik. CV bulan1 kadar glukosa menggunakan pooled serum 5.31 %, pada serum komersial 7.91%. Bulan 2 pooled serum 4.87 %, serum komersial 6.9%. Bulan 3 CV pooled serum 2.33 % , serum komersial 4.61 %. Bulan 1 CV trigliserida menggunakan pooled serum 1.84%, serum komersial 3.47%. Bulan ke 2 pooled serum 1.63%, serum komersial 3.71%. Bulan 3 CV pooled serum 1.79%, serum komersial 3.30%. Hasil CV bulan 1 kadar albumin menggunakan pooled serum 5.66%, serum komersial sebesar 5.69%. Bulan ke 2 CV pooled serum 4.46% dan serum komersial 6,32%. Bulan ke 3 CV pada pooled serum 4.85% ,komersial 5.72%. Berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan kadar glukosa, trigliserida dan albumin menggunakan pooled serum yang disimpan pada suhu -20oC menunjukkan hasil yang cukup stabil pada parameter trigliserida dan albumin. Kata Kunci: Albumin, Glukosa, Pooled Serum, Stabilitas, Trigliserida

Kajian Penanganan Hepatitis B Berdasarkan Perilaku dan Pemeriksaan Molekuler Lestari, Gita Dwi; Kafesa, Ally
MAHESA : Malahayati Health Student Journal Vol 4, No 11 (2024): Volume 4 Nomor 11 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/mahesa.v4i11.16069

ABSTRACT Hepatitis B is still a major global health problem, chronic hepatitis B can cause cirrhosis and liver cancer. Hepatitis B transmission can be transmitted vertically (from mother to child) or horizontally (from one person to another). Hepatitis B has a genome in the form of a circular double helix of DNA with a length of around 3020-3320 nucleotides. This research aims to study Hepatitis B treatment based on behavior and molecular examination. This research is a type of descriptive research, through literature searches from various national and international journals. The articles used are from 2018 to 2023. The results of the study show that good cognitive knowledge about Hepatitis B will be associated with good behavior towards prevention so that it can reduce the incidence of Hepatitis B, men (84%) and blood type A (41) . %) are more often infected with the hepatitis B virus, pregnant women with reactive HBsAg have good knowledge (83%), the status of children with reactive HBsAg (7.5%), meaning that there is still failure in passive immunization. The conclusion of this research is that treating hepatitis B will be easier based on the characteristics of the virus using a genetic approach. Measurement of HBV DNA levels is carried out using PCR, HBV DNA can be done qualitatively, directly quantitatively, and analyzing mutant HBV DNA. Keywords: Behavior, Hepatitis B, Molecular Examination ABSTRAK Hepatitis B masih menjadi masalah kesehatan global yang utama, hepatitis B kronis dapat menyebabkan sirosis dan kanker hati. Transmisi hepatitis B dapat menyebar secara vertikal (dari ibu ke anak) atau horizontal (dari satu individu ke individu lain). Hepatitis B memiliki genom berupa DNA heliks ganda melingkar dengan panjang sekitar 3020-3320 nukleotida. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari penanganan Hepatitis B berdasarkan perilaku dan pemeriksaan molekuler. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif, melalui penelusuran literatur dari berbagai jurnal nasional dan internasional. Artikel yang digunakan adalah dari tahun 2018 hingga tahun 2023. Hasil penelitian menunjukan laki laki (84%) dan golongan darah A (41%) lebih banyak terinfeksi virus hepatitis B, ibu hamil yang HBsAg-reaktif memiliki pengetahuan yang baik (83%), status HBsAg anak sebanyak (7,5%) reaktif, artinya masih terdapat kegagalan dalam imuisasi pasif. Kadar AST (72%) dan ALT (49%) meningkat dan kadar Albumin (56%) rendah pada pasien hepatitis B. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini yaitu pengetahuan yang baik akan berhubungan dengan perilaku yang baik terhadap pencegahan serta penularan virus Hepatitis B. Penanganan hepatitis B akan lebih mudah berdasarkan karakteristik virus dengan pendekatan genetik, Pengukuran kadar HBV DNA dilakukan dengan menggunakan PCR, HBV DNA dapat dilakukan secara kualitatif, direk kuantitatif, dan menganalisis HBV DNA mutan. Kata Kunci: Hepatitis B, Pemeriksaan Molekuler, Perilaku

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