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STUDI KAJIAN LAJU PERTUMBUHAN PENERIMAAN NEGARA DI SEKTOR PAJAK Sulaiman, Ady; Efendi, Bakhtiar
JURNAL ILMIAH EDUNOMIKA Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023): EDUNOMIKA
Publisher : ITB AAS Indonesia Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29040/jie.v7i2.10094

Abstract

In national development efforts, taxes are one of the important things that become a large and strategic source of revenue for the state, which is useful in increasing the growth of the country's economy to create prosperity and welfare for society and the state. Thus taxes become one of the sources of state revenue that has high potential. This study aims to determine the growth rate of realization of state revenue, the growth rate of realization of luxury goods value-added tax, and international trade tax. This study uses secondary data from 2017 to 2018 obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics and the Directorate General of Taxes. The research method uses the growth rate calculation formula. The results showed that the growth rate of realization of state revenue in the tax sector has a unidirectional relationship with the realization of luxury goods value-added tax and international trade tax. If there is an increase in the growth rate of realization of luxury tax and the international The context of the application of luxury tax and international trade tax is expected to reflect horizontal and vertical equity in every tax collection, including other VAT collection. In order to reflect fairness, the collection of tax on the sale of luxury goods and international trade tax on international trade is expected to reflect horizontal and vertical equity in every tax collection, including the collection of other VAT.
PERAN EKONOMI DIGITAL DALAM MENDORONG PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI NASIONAL Lubis, Krismonica; Efendi, Bakhtiar
JURNAL ILMIAH EDUNOMIKA Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023): EDUNOMIKA
Publisher : ITB AAS Indonesia Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29040/jie.v7i2.10196

Abstract

Indonesia's digital economy has very promising prospects if managed well because its growth exceeds Indonesia's economic growth. Indonesia is experiencing an overall increase in the digital economy in finance, health, tourism, industry, education, and so on. This has an effect on increasing the national economy. This research is descriptive qualitative research with a literature study research method through literature study. The results of the study state that the potential of the digital economy greatly affects national economic growth, making Indonesia the largest market share of the digital economy. The existence of the digital economy is strongly felt by the community, thus forcing related parties to design new strategies by adopting digitalization, which is dominated by innovations in technology, information, communication, and the increasing development of internet networks. To achieve the success of the digital economy, the support of a workforce / human resources with special skills in technology is also one of the important basic pillars, the innovation ecosystem is also important to revive the digital economy, as well as public services, digital economy, and good governance and digital strategy.
PENGARUH EKSPOR TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI INDONESIA Jannah, Ayu Roudhatul; Efendi, Bakhtiar
JURNAL ILMIAH EDUNOMIKA Vol. 8 No. 4 (2024): EDUNOMIKA
Publisher : ITB AAS Indonesia Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29040/jie.v8i4.15477

Abstract

Export is the simplest form of international trade and is a strategy in marketing production abroad. This study aims to determine the effect of exports on economic growth with a mediating variable, namely the exchange rate. This research method is a research method with a quantitative approach supported by secondary data sourced from the Central Bureau of Statistics and the World Bank (World Bank) with a research time of 2009 to 2023. The research data analysis technique used is path analysis. The results explain that exports influence economic growth. Exports as a driving force for GDP, where exports can expand markets, can encourage the flow of capital, and will generate foreign exchange. When exports increase, economic growth also increases and vice versa if exports decrease, economic growth decreases. And the exchange rate can be a mediating variable of the indirect effect of the export variable on the economic growth variable. This means that exports can be a factor that can influence directly without the mediation of other variables. The higher the real exchange rate, the more it will encourage exports and others and be able to affect Indonesia's economic growth.
The Effectiveness Of Green Macroprudential Policies In Encouraging Sustainable Financing In Indonesia Septiawan, Iqbal; Sari, Wahyu Indah; Efendi, Bakhtiar
Journal of Management, Economic, and Accounting Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Universitas Dehasen Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37676/jmea.v5i2.1266

Abstract

This study examines the effectiveness of Green Macroprudential Policy (GMP) in encouraging sustainable financing in Indonesia. Using panel data from three state-owned banks (Bank Mandiri, BRI, and BNI) over the period 2015–2024, this study employs a Fixed Effect Model (FEM) to analyze the impact of internal banking factors (Non-Performing Loans and Return on Assets), macroeconomic variables (BI7DRR, GDP growth, and inflation), and a GMP dummy variable on green financing. The empirical results indicate that the GMP dummy variable has a positive and statistically significant effect on sustainable financing, confirming the effectiveness of green macroprudential incentives introduced by Bank Indonesia since 2021. Furthermore, GDP growth positively influences green financing, while inflation and policy interest rates exert a negative effect. These findings highlight the critical role of macroprudential green policies in supporting sustainable finance while maintaining financial stability. The study provides empirical evidence to support policy coordination between central banks and financial regulators in promoting green economic transformation.
Kajian Perdagangan Internasional dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi: Peran Strategis Nilai Tukar dan Inflasi di Indonesia Siswanto, Rezki Apri Zulharji; Rangkuty, Dewi Mahrani; Efendi, Bakhtiar
Journal of Economics Research and Policy Studies Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Economics Research and Policy Studies
Publisher : Nur Science Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53088/jerps.v6i1.2154

Abstract

In the era of economic globalization, international trade has become a key factor in shaping a country’s economic growth dynamics. Through export and import activities, a country can expand its markets, improve production efficiency, and obtain goods and services that cannot be produced domestically at optimal levels. This study was conducted to examine the effects of exports, imports, and international trade policies, assess the impact of exchange rates and inflation, and examine the role of tax policies in Indonesia’s economic growth. The study covers the period from 1995 to 2024 and employs a quantitative research approach, using multiple linear regression. The variables tested include exports, imports, tariffs, import duties, exchange rates, inflation, and taxes relative to GDP. Research data were sourced from various providers, including the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), Bank Indonesia, and the World Bank. The results indicate that exchange rates and inflation have a significant negative impact, while the other variables are not statistically significant when analyzed individually. These findings underscore the importance of macroeconomic stability and the synergy of trade, monetary, and fiscal policies in supporting sustainable economic growth.