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All Journal Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn) Profesi Pendidikan Dasar
Zain, Farah Mohamad
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Humanities Education Library & Information Science Mathematics Social Sciences Other

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The development of augmented reality framework to enhance students’ motivation Zain, Farah Mohamad; Kasim, Marini; Rahman, Faizahani Ab; Yaakob, Mohd Faiz Mohd
Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn) Vol 20, No 1: February 2026
Publisher : Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/edulearn.v20i1.21294

Abstract

Previous studies have shown that augmented reality (AR) is an interactive teaching aids that can improve students’ learning motivation. Many studies have discussed AR technology but there are scarce studies on developing AR framework and guideline for teachers. Therefore, the objective of this research is to study the need to develop an AR framework to enhance motivation among students based on Gagne’s nine events of instruction and self-determination theory (SDT). This research employs the design and development research (DDR) method with a blend of quantitative and qualitative in which data was collected via a closed and open questionnaire. The respondents of this research are 35 teachers who are teaching technology course in Kedah, chosen through purposive sampling. The findings revealed the need to develop an AR framework by taking into consideration five main constructs, namely motivation, technology skills, instructional design, AR development tools and types of AR applications. Hence, AR developed using this framework has the potential to enhance student motivation and create effective AR learning experiences for students.
‘HydroAR’: An Innovative Augmented Reality Learning Media for Water Cycle Material in Elementary School Rochmah, Eliya; Jannah, Widia Nur; Rahayu, Fanny Septiani; Yulianawati, Dewi; Zain, Farah Mohamad; Islamulmuflikhun, Alifsyam
Profesi Pendidikan Dasar Vol. 12, No. 3, December 2025
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/ppd.v12i3.11719

Abstract

The water cycle is a fundamental science topic in primary education; however, its abstract and dynamic processes are often difficult for students to understand, highlighting the need for interactive learning media that can visualize concepts clearly. The primary objective of this study was to develop and evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of HydroAR, an AR-based learning medium, in improving primary students’ understanding and interest in the water cycle. Utilising the 4D Research and Development (R&D) model comprising the Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate stages. The research involved a limited-scale pilot study with 22 students and one teacher, followed by a wider dissemination trial involving 30 students in Cirebon Regency. Data were collected via material and media expert questionnaires, alongside teacher and student response surveys, and were subsequently analysed using both quantitative and qualitative methods. HydroAR was successfully developed with interactive visualizations that made abstract concepts clearer and more engaging. Expert evaluations rated it as very feasible. Student usability results showed acceptable SUS scores of 83.18% and 85.58%. The implementation increased learning interest and improved water cycle understanding, indicating AR’s potential to support interactive teaching and effective science concept visualization.
Co-Authors Islamulmuflikhun, Alifsyam Kasim, Marini Rahayu, Fanny Septiani Rahman, Faizahani Ab Rochmah, Eliya Widia Nur Jannah, Widia Nur YAAKOB, MOHD FAIZ MOHD Yulianawati, Dewi