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PROLIFERATION OF OIL PALM (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) EMBRYOGENIC CALLUS WITH REPEATED SUBCULTURES IN LIQUID MEDIUM Karyanti, Karyanti; Tajuddin, Teuku; Khairiyah, Hayat; Purwoko, Devit; Sukarnih, Tati; Rahmadara, Gemilang; Hanifah, Nurul Fitri; Rudiyana, Yayan; Kitagawa, Sayuri; Mira, Farida Rosana; Saga, Hirohisa
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2021): June 2021
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

The availability of high-quality seeds is now a necessity. This is due to a government program to replace oil palm trees in smallholder plantations with high quality seeds. An efficient protocol to produce a large number of embryos is needed. To increase the number of embryogenic callus production, the callus proliferation experiment was carried out through suspension culture. This study aimed to examine the proliferation ability of embryogenic callus from three different oil palm clones, in several repeated subcultures. Liquid MS media added with 1 ppm 2.4-D and 0.1 ppm NAA were used. Embryogenic callus was weighed by 0.1 - 0.2 g, transferred into the liquid media, shaking at 60-80 rpm and 27 ÂºC for 8 weeks without light. Continues subcultures were repeated up to 7 times. The results showed that the growth rate of embryogenic callus increased in the third and fourth subcultures and then decreased in subsequent subcultures. It also revealed that the entire embryogenic callus from the first subculture up to seventh subculture still has the ability to regenerate into new plants. These results indicate that oil palm embryogenic callus can be proliferated by suspension culture with a limit up to the fourth subculture. Ketersediaan benih kelapa sawit berkualitas saat ini merupakan kebutuhan karena adanya program pemerintah untuk menggantikan tanaman sawit di kebun-kebun petani. Salah satu cara vegetatif yang dapat dilakukan adalah meningkatkan jumlah kalus embriogenik yang dihasilkan melalui pengembangan kultur suspensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji kemampuan proliferasi kalus embriogenik dari tiga klon kelapa sawit, pada beberapa kali subkultur yang berulang. Media cair MS dengan penambahan 1 ppm 2,4-D dan 0,1 ppm NAA digunakan untuk memperbanyak 0,1â€“0,2 g kalus embriogenik, dikocok pada 60-80 rpm dan suhu 27 ÂºC tanpa cahaya selama 8 minggu. Subkultur berulang dilakukan hingga 7 kali. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan proliferasi kalus dipengaruhi oleh genotip tanaman induk. Rata-rata kalus embriogenik dapat meningkat pada subkultur ke-3 dan ke-4 dan semakin menurun pada subkultur selanjutnya. Kalus embriogenik hasil proliferasi subkultur pertama hingga ke-7 dapat tumbuh menjadi calon tanaman baru. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa kalus embriogenik kelapa sawit dapat diperbanyak dengan kultur suspensi pada batas sampai subkultur ke-4.

Identification of Gene Candidates in Diterpenoid Biosynthesis of Curcuma longa: An mRNA Sequencing Approach: Identification of Gene Candidates in Diterpenoid Fadhullah, Hafizh; Purwoko, Devit; Zulaeha, Siti; Hanifah, Nurul Fitri; Hartuti, Endah Dwi; Rahmadara, Gemilang; Safarrida, Anna; Reninta, Rikania; Evawati, Evawati; Roza, Irwan; Tajuddin, Teuku
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2024): In Press
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.03.08

Curcuma longa is a medicinal plant renowned for its therapeutic properties and potential treatment of cancer. This study focused on the biosynthesis of diterpenoids in the rhizome and leaves of C. longa. The genes responsible for producing these medicinal compounds were analyzed using BLASTx, Gene Ontology (GO) annotation, differential expression, and homology. The substantial dataset was obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), comprising 151,730,334 clean reads and 167,264 transcripts for the analysis. The results of the BLASTx analysis were as follows: NR yielded 65.93%, Swiss-Prot yielded 44.52%, and COG yielded 17.35%. Subsequently, GO annotation was performed using Blast2GO, resulting in an annotation rate of 56.79%. Differential expression analysis revealed a total of 636 genes that were significantly differentiated between the rhizome and leaves. The homology analysis resulted in 11 proteins associated with diterpenoid biosynthesis and nine proteins related to CYP450. Approximately three class I proteins were highly expressed in the rhizome. Additionally, seven CYP450 enzymes from the CYP71D and CYP726 subfamilies were identified; three were highly expressed in the rhizome. The expression patterns of these enzymes were similar to the aforementioned three class I diTPSs, indicating their potential involvement in macroditerpenoid biosynthesis in C. longa. These findings provide valuable genomic resources for future functional genomics research on C. longa, facilitating targeted efforts to enhance the production of bioactive compounds.

The Graded Concentration of Bleach Solution and Material Size Plays an Important Role in the In Vitro Sterilization of Thyphonium flagelliforme Plants Rahmadara, Gemilang; Tajuddin, Teuku; Suparjo, Suparjo; Sobir, Sobir; Dinarti, Diny; Khairiyah, Hayat
International Journal of Agriculture System VOLUME 12 ISSUE 1, JUNE 2024
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/ijas.v12i1.5070

The sterilization is a primary step in in-vitro culture. plant breeding through in-vitro culture hinges on the successful effectiveness of the sterilization method in producing sterile plants. This research aims to optimize sterilization methods using a completely randomized factorial design. The first factor is the size of the material (small and large), and the second factor is the graded concentration of the bleach solution. The study revealed that Material sizes do not have a significant effect on contamination level, all the same, large size materials increase the survival rate of sterilized rodent tuber plants. The application of graded bleach solution concentrations at 25%, 20%, and 15% is able to reduce contamination to 0% on small size materials and 5 % on large size materials. Material sizes do not have a significant effect on contamination level, all the same, large size materials increase the survival rate of sterilized rodent tuber plants.

Identification of Gene Candidates in Diterpenoid Biosynthesis of Curcuma longa: An mRNA Sequencing Approach: Identification of Gene Candidates in Diterpenoid Fadhullah, Hafizh; Purwoko, Devit; Zulaeha, Siti; Hanifah, Nurul Fitri; Hartuti, Endah Dwi; Rahmadara, Gemilang; Safarrida, Anna; Reninta, Rikania; Evawati, Evawati; Roza, Irwan; Tajuddin, Teuku
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.03.08

Curcuma longa is a medicinal plant renowned for its therapeutic properties and potential treatment of cancer. This study focused on the biosynthesis of diterpenoids in the rhizome and leaves of C. longa. The genes responsible for producing these medicinal compounds were analyzed using BLASTx, Gene Ontology (GO) annotation, differential expression, and homology. The substantial dataset was obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), comprising 151,730,334 clean reads and 167,264 transcripts for the analysis. The results of the BLASTx analysis were as follows: NR yielded 65.93%, Swiss-Prot yielded 44.52%, and COG yielded 17.35%. Subsequently, GO annotation was performed using Blast2GO, resulting in an annotation rate of 56.79%. Differential expression analysis revealed a total of 636 genes that were significantly differentiated between the rhizome and leaves. The homology analysis resulted in 11 proteins associated with diterpenoid biosynthesis and nine proteins related to CYP450. Approximately three class I proteins were highly expressed in the rhizome. Additionally, seven CYP450 enzymes from the CYP71D and CYP726 subfamilies were identified; three were highly expressed in the rhizome. The expression patterns of these enzymes were similar to the aforementioned three class I diTPSs, indicating their potential involvement in macroditerpenoid biosynthesis in C. longa. These findings provide valuable genomic resources for future functional genomics research on C. longa, facilitating targeted efforts to enhance the production of bioactive compounds.

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