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Journal : Journal of System and Computer Engineering

Enhancing Intrusion Detection Using Random Forest and SMOTE on the NSL‑KDD Dataset Saputra, Febri Hidayat; Ilham, Ilham; Rizal, Muhammad; Wisda, Wisda; Wanita, First; Mursalim, Mursalim; Fadillah, Arif
Journal of System and Computer Engineering Vol 6 No 3 (2025): JSCE: July 2025
Publisher : Universitas Pancasakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61628/jsce.v6i3.2056

Abstract

Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) play a crucial role in identifying suspicious activities on computer networks. However, a major challenge in developing machine learning-based IDS is the issue of class imbalance, where attacks—being minority classes—are often overlooked by classification models. This study aims to construct an intrusion detection system based on the Random Forest algorithm integrated with the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE) to address this problem. The NSL-KDD dataset is used for evaluation, with the data split into 80% for training and 30% for testing. Experiments include Random Forest-based feature selection and performance evaluation using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score metrics. The results show that the Random Forest–SMOTE combination achieves an accuracy of 99.78%, precision of 99.70%, recall of 99.88%, and an F1-score of 99.79%. The confusion matrix indicates a very low rate of false positives and false negatives. Additionally, selecting the most influential features such as src_bytes and dst_bytes improves model efficiency. Thus, the integration of Random Forest and SMOTE proves to be effective in enhancing detection sensitivity toward attacks without compromising model precision. This approach offers a significant contribution to the development of adaptive, accurate, and deployable IDS in real-world network environments.
Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality in English Learning: Bibliometric Analysis of Research Trends, Citation Patterns, and Future Directions Tamra, Tamra; Wisda, Wisda; H, Muhammad Rizal; Wanita, First; Mursalim, Mursalim
Journal of System and Computer Engineering Vol 7 No 1 (2026): JSCE: January 2026
Publisher : Universitas Pancasakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61628/jsce.v7i1.2472

Abstract

This study conducts a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to map the development of research on Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) in English language learning (ELL) from 2010 to 2025. Using 386 Scopus-indexed documents, the analysis examines publication growth, citation performance, influential authors and countries, core sources, and the thematic evolution of immersive learning research. The findings show a sharp increase in scientific production after 2020, reflecting the global rise of digital and immersive technologies in education. China, Korea, and Malaysia emerge as dominant contributors, demonstrating Asia’s leading role in AR/VR-driven language innovation. Citation trends reveal the coexistence of foundational highly cited works and rapidly influential recent publications. Source impact analysis confirms the interdisciplinary character of the field, spanning educational technology, linguistics, psychology, and computer science. Trend-topic analysis indicates a shift from general pedagogical themes toward AI-enhanced AR applications, deep learning, virtual reality environments, and interactive vocabulary learning systems. Despite significant growth, gaps remain in long-term studies, cross-country collaboration, and research on advanced language competencies. Overall, the study provides a data-driven understanding of how AR and VR have evolved as transformative tools for English language learning and offers strategic insights for guiding future research agendas in immersive educational technologies.