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All Journal Lex Renaissance Negara Hukum: Membangun Hukum untuk Keadilan dan Kesejahteraan Walisongo Law Review (Walrev) Electoral Governance : Jurnal Tata Kelola Pemilu Indonesia Staatsrecht: Jurnal Hukum Kenegaraan dan Politik Islam Jurnal Hukum dan Pembangunan
Yusuf, Muhammad Rifai
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Religion Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Overview of the Judge's Forgiveness Concept Its Relation to The Legal Interests of Criminal Victims (RKUHP Concept Study) Yusuf, Muhammad Rifai; Wati, Briliyan Erna; Harun, Muhammad; Nurhayati, Tri
Walisongo Law Review (Walrev) Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/walrev.2021.3.1.8724

Abstract

Judge forgiveness (rechterlijk pardon) is a new concept in the Draft Criminal Code (RKUHP) which authorizes judges not to impose a crime even though the defendant is proven guilty with several provisions as a condition of forgiveness. The position of the victim becomes important to discuss regarding the existence of this concept because the defendant who should be responsible for his actions can be released from the charge, on the other hand, the victim as the object of the crime, in general, is the party who has suffered losses for his legal interests. So, this concept ideally accommodates the interests of the victim adequately as a condition for forgiveness. The urgency of the victim's position in the concept was rechterlijk pardon further elaborated through a study entitled "An Overview of the Concept of Judge (Forgiveness Rechterlijk Pardon) concerning the Legal Interests of Criminal Victims (Concept Study of the 2019 RKUHP)". The focus of this research problem is to find out the history and concept of judge forgiveness in the RKUHP and to further review the concept of judge forgiveness about the legal interests of victims of criminal acts. This research is juridical-normative research using a historical approach, a comparative approach, and a conceptual approach. Sources of data used are data secondary consisting of legal materials (primary, secondary, tertiary). The method of collecting data is through literature or document studies and presented in a descriptive-analytical manner. The results showed that the formulation of rechterlijk pardon since the first RKUHP (1993) was motivated by the desire to include the goals and guidelines of punishment as a general principle of the Indonesian criminal system. While the concept is based on the "idea of balance" from the main elements of public interest and individual interests (actor-victim), actions and inner attitudes, certainty, flexibility, and justice. The current formulation does not represent this idea because the formulation is incomplete and clear regarding the terms of forgiveness so that from the victim's side there is uncertainty about the protection of his legal interests.Pemaafan hakim (rechterlijk pardon) merupakan konsep baru dalam Rancangan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (RKUHP) yang memberi kewenangan kepada hakim untuk tidak mengenakan pidana meskipun terdakwa terbukti bersalah dengan beberapa ketentuan sebagai syarat pemaafan. Posisi korban menjadi penting didiskusikan terkait keberadaan konsepsi, sebab terdakwa yang seharusnya mempertanggungjawabkan perbuatannya dapat dibebaskan dari tuntutan itu, di sisi lain korban sebagai objek kejahatan secara umum adalah pihak yang mengalami kerugian atas kepentingan hukumnya. Maka konsep ini idealnya mengakomodir kepentingan korban secara memadai sebagai syarat adanya pemaafan. Urgensitas kedudukan korban tersebut dalam konsep rechterlijk pardon dielaborasi lebih lanjut melalui penelitian dengan judul “Tinjauan Terhadap Konsep Pemaafan Hakim (Rechterlijk Pardon) Kaitannya dengan Kepentingan Hukum Korban Tindak Pidana (Studi Konsep RKUHP 2019)”. Fokus permasalahan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sejarah dan konsep pemaafan hakim dalam RKUHP serta meninjau lebih jauh konsep pemaafan hakim kaitannya dengan kepentingan hukum korban tindak pidana. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis-normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan historis, pendekatan perbandingan, serta pendekatan konseptual. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder yang terdiri dari bahan-bahan hukum (primer, sekunder, tersier). Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi kepustakaan atau dokumen dan disajikan secara deskriptif-analitis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perumusan rechterlijk pardon sejak RKUHP pertama (1993) dilatarbelakangi oleh kehendak memasukkan tujuan dan pedoman pemidanaan sebagai prinsip umum sistem pemidanaan Indonesia. Sedangkan konsepsinya didasarkan pada“ ide keseimbangan” dari unsur pokok kepentingan umum dan kepentingan perorangan (pelaku-korban), perbuatan dan sikap batin, kepastian, fleksibilitas dan keadilan. Rumusan saat ini belum merepresentasikan ide tersebut disebabkan formulasi yang tidak lengkap dan jelas perihal syarat-syarat pemberian maaf sehingga dari sisi korban terdapat ketidakpastian perlindungan atas kepentingan hukumnya.
Implikasi Pengelolaan Kawasan Aglomerasi dalam Undang-Undang Daerah Khusus Jakarta terhadap Pelaksanaan Desentralisasi dan Otonomi Daerah Yusuf, Rizki Fauzan; Hidayat, Syarif; Rohman, Azmi Fathu; Rizqiyanto, Naufal; Yusuf, Muhammad Rifai
Staatsrecht: Jurnal Hukum Kenegaraan dan Politik Islam Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): Staatsrecht Jurnal Hukum Kenegaraan dan Politik Islam
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/455xj860

Abstract

For more than two decades, the concept of agglomeration has been applied in DKI Jakarta, beginning with Law No. 34 of 1999 and continuing with Law No. 29 of 2007 as its legal foundation. With the government's execution of the plan to relocate the national capital from Jakarta to East Kalimantan, Law No. 2 of 2024 emerged as the legal policy framework for adjusting DKI Jakarta’s status. One of the key regulatory innovations introduced in this new law is the establishment of the Agglomeration Area Council, tasked with coordinating and evaluating spatial planning and development plans within the agglomeration area. While this structure presents positive potential for the governance of Jakarta and its surrounding regions, the agglomeration area arrangement under the new law signals a centralistic tendency—evident, for instance, in the President’s direct involvement in determining the membership of the Agglomeration Area Council. This may conflict with the principles of decentralized governance. This study employs normative legal research using a statutory approach to examine relevant legislation, particularly the provisions in the DKJ Law, and a conceptual approach to explain the general features of agglomeration areas. The findings indicate, first, that the agglomeration concept regulated by the DKJ Law is centralized, with the central government playing a dominant role, contrasting with agglomeration practices in other regions that are more decentralized. Second, the implications for the implementation of autonomy in DKJ are negative, as the central government's dominant role limits the flexibility of DKJ’s local government in decision-making and may lead to DKJ’s dominance over neighboring areas within the agglomeration zone. On the positive side, the surrounding regions benefit from the central government's support, indicating that the asymmetric design of DKJ governance also positively affects neighboring regions within the agglomeration area.   Abstrak:  Lebih dari dua dekade konsep aglomerasi diterapkan di DKI Jakarta, dimulai dengan UU No. 34 Tahun 1999 hingga UU No. 29 Tahun 2007 sebagai landasan yuridisnya. Seiring eksekusi rencana pemindahan Ibu Kota Negara oleh pemerintah dari Jakarta ke Kalimantan Timur, lahir UU No. 2 Tahun 2024 sebagai politik hukum penyesuaian status DKI Jakarta. Salah satu pembaharuan pengaturan konsep aglomerasi dalam UU terbaru ini adalah hadirnya Dewan Kawasan Aglomerasi yang akan melakukan koordinasi hingga evaluasi penataan ruang dan rencana pembangunan kawasan aglomerasi. Meski berpeluang positif bagi penataan Jakarta dan sekitarnya, struktur pengaturan kawasan aglomerasi DKJ memberikan sinyal sentralistis ditunjukkan salah satunya keterlibatan langsung Presiden dalam penentuan keanggotaan Dewan Kawasan Aglomerasi, hal mana dapat berbenturan dengan penyelenggaraan pemerintahan yang terdesentralisasi. Penelitian yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statutory approach) untuk menelaah peraturan perundang-undangan terkait, khususnya ketentuan dalam UU DKJ dan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach) untuk menjelaskan fitur kawasan aglomerasi secara umum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pertama, konsep kawasan aglomerasi yang diatur UU DKJ bersifat terpusat/sentralistis dimana peran pemerintah pusat dominan dalam pengelolaannya, hal ini berbeda dengan praktik aglomerasi di beberapa daerah yang justru lebih terdesentralisasi. Kedua, implikasi terhadap pelaksanaan otonomi di DKJ bersifat negatif karena fleksibilitas pemerintah DKJ terbatas dalam pengambilan keputusan akibat peran pemerintah pusat yang besar serta kemungkinan dominasi DKJ terhadap daerah sekitar dalam cakupan kawasan aglomerasi. Efek positifnya adalah terbantunya daerah sekitar DKJ karena turut memperoleh sokongan dari pemerintah pusat sehingga tampak desain asimetrisme DKJ dirasakan pula oleh daerah sekitar dalam kawasan
PRAKTIK ABUSIVE EXECUTIVE POWER PADA PEMILU 2024: DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP DEMOKRASI INDONESIA DAN UPAYA MEMULIHKANNYA Yusuf, Muhammad Rifai
Bahasa Indonesia Vol 6 No 1 (2024): Electoral Governance: Jurnal Tata Kelola Pemilu Indonesia
Publisher : Komisi Pemilihan Umum

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46874/tkp.v6i1.1370

Abstract

Penelitian ini berupaya menganalisis aspek legal-konstitusional penggunaan kekuasaan negara oleh pemegang dan pelaksana cabang kekuasaan eksekutif (Presiden beserta jajarannya) dalam menggalang dukungan bagi kandidat tertentu khususnya pada pemilihan Presiden dan Wakil Presiden 2024 serta implikasinya terhadap demokrasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tiga hal yakni pertama, dalam kondisi semacam apa abusive executive power terjadi. Kedua, dalam hal apa sarana legal-konstitusional mengizinkan Presiden beserta jajarannya terlibat dalam kampanye. Ketiga, bagaimana implikasi abusive executive power terhadap demokrasi serta upaya memulihkannya. Penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif berdasarkan data sekunder dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pertama, abusive executive power oleh presiden beserta jajarannya terjadi dengan melanggar prinsip konstitusional Pemilu terutama adil dan prinsip good governance. Kedua, aturan legal-konstitusional memberikan hak berkampanye secara terbatas kepada presiden, yakni dalam hal dirinya mencalonkan kembali pada periode kedua. Ketiga, persoalan kedua menyumbang pada kemunduran demokrasi di Indonesia karena penggunaan kekuasaan negara untuk mendukung salah satu kandidat dalam pemilihan Presiden dan Wakil Presiden menegasikan penyelenggaraan Pemilu yang adil. Dibutuhkan reformulasi terhadap aturan hukum Pemilu dengan mendesain adaptabilitasnya terhadap prinsip-prinsip good governance dan batasan yang jelas terkait keterlibatan presiden dalam kampanye.
Menakar Konsistensi Pelaksanaan Tugas dan Wewenang Kementerian Negara dari Perspektif Hukum Administrasi Negara: Telaah Program Food Estate dan Penanganan Covid-19 pada Periode Kedua Pemerintahan Joko Widodo Yusuf, Muhammad Rifai; Rohman, Azmi Fathu; Rizqiyanto, Naufal; Hidayat, Syarif
Lex Renaissance Vol 10 No 1: JUNI 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/JLR.vol10.iss1.art2

Abstract

The administration of the government has recently shown “bureaucratic irregularities” where the handling of some issues by ministries appointed by the president does not correspond to their main duties. The execution of the food estate program by the Ministry of Defense and the handling of the Covid-19 by the Ministry of State-Owned Enterprises are clear case samples. To find out which ministry truly has the authority, this research seeks to examine the consistency of the authorities of the two ministries with the affairs handled through the cultivation of two main problems. First, what is the position, duties and authority of state ministries both in the regulatory framework and the existing theory/doctrine explanations in administrative law. Second, to what extent is the consistency of the implementation of the duties and authorities of the ministries that become the focus of the study from the perspective of administrative law. This research is normative legal research by describing and analyzing qualitatively secondary data i.e. primary and secondary legal materials. The approach method used are conceptual and statutory approaches. The results showed that the position and authorities of state ministries in Indonesia have clear legal bases including the ministries that have authority in food estate and Covid-19 handling, namely the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Health. Thus, the Ministry of Defense which is the leading sector in the food estate program and the Ministry of State-Owned Enterprises in handling Covid-19 show bureaucratic inconsistencies.
Konstitusionalitas Model Putusan Bawaslu dalam Penyelesaian Pelanggaran Administratif Pemilu Yusuf, Muhammad Rifai; Hidayat, Syarif
Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

As one of the institutions that carries out quasi-judicial functions in the field of general elections, Bawaslu could issue a decision through an adjudication process. In 2017, Bawaslu was criticized for its several decisions in the Sipol case held by the KPU for the registration of participants in the 2019 general elections, mainly because it was considered that Bawaslu equated its position with the Supreme Court by assessing that Sipol in the KPU Regulation was not in line with the Election Law. In 2024, decisions on election administrative violations appear to be softer or seem to avoid the same potential criticism. This study aims to analyze two issues systematically, first, what is the position of Bawaslu in the Indonesian constitutional system, especially in its function as a quasi-judicial institution and its relation with the judicial power holder, and second, whether the Bawaslu decision model as regulated by the Election Law can exceed its authority and equal its position with the Supreme Court in terms of judicial review. Regarding the first issue, Bawaslu as a quasi-judicial institution has a constitutional basis with its status as a state auxiliary organ that is currently prevalent in Indonesia. Regarding the second issue, the constitutional design does not allow Bawaslu to exceed its authority by issuing decisions as the Supreme Court does in terms of judicial review. Keywords: Bawaslu Decision, Constitutionality, Administrative Violations, Supreme Court
Redesigning the Institutional Framework of Indonesia’s Truth and Reconciliation Commission Yusuf, Muhammad Rifai; Rizqiyanto, Naufal; Sangadji, Sulastri
Lex Renaissance Vol 10 No 2: DESEMBER 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/JLR.vol10.iss2.art2

Abstract

TRCs are globally recognized as one of the means to resolve past gross human rights violations. As a country that has transitioned from an authoritarian to a democratic regime, Indonesia has committed to resolving the issue. One progressive effort was the enactment of Law No. 27 of 2004 on the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. However, the Law no longer applies after it was annuled by Indonesian Constitutional Court so that the commission has no normative basis at the law under the Constitution. This research seeks to answer three main problems, first, how the TRC is viewed by international law and the Indonesian constitutional system. Second, how are the dynamics of its arrangement in Indonesia. Third, what kind of ideal institutional design can be offered. This study used normative legal research with statutory, conceptual, and historical approaches to explain the problems and. The result shows that first, TRCs is consistent with the Indonesian constitutional system. Second, the ratio decidendi of the annulment of the TRC Law by the Constitutional Court because it does not guarantee justice for victims of past gross human rights violations. Third, several aspects that need to be redesigned from the new institutional model of a constitutional TRC are related to institutions, members, mechanisms for providing justice for victims, including amnesty for perpetrators and the opening of opportunities for appeals to a human rights court.
Desentralisasi Fiskal Asimetris: Tinjauan Terhadap Relasi Kemandirian Fiskal dengan Keberlanjutan Otsus Aceh Lubis, Alfi Syahri; Yusuf, Muhammad Rifai; Arysandi, Didan Neofal
Jurnal Negara Hukum: Membangun Hukum Untuk Keadilan Vol 16, No 1 (2025): JNH VOL NO 1 JUNI 2025
Publisher : Pusat Analisis Keparlemenan Badan Keahlian Setjen DPR RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22212/jnh.v16i1.4700

Abstract

Fiscal autonomy is a key objective of decentralization. However, Aceh Province remains heavily dependent on Aceh Province’s special autonomy fund (dana otonomi khusus Aceh/DOKA), which is set to expire in 2027. This reliance indicates that Aceh Province has not yet achieved genuine fiscal independence. Such dependency raises concerns about the sustainability of Aceh’s fiscal policy within the framework of its special autonomy. This study explores the concept of fiscal decentralization and its application in Aceh Province’s special autonomy system, as well as the potential fiscal policy scenarios following the termination of DOKA. The results show that first, Aceh Province’s fiscal decentralization follows an asymmetric model, featuring a distinct fiscal framework compared to other non-asymmetric provinces, as a consequence of the broader authority granted under special autonomy. This framework is anchored in the Law on Aceh Governance, with DOKA as one of its primary mechanisms. Second, Aceh Province has not yet attained fiscal self-reliance, thus leaving room for the extension of DOKA or the introduction of alternative fiscal arrangements. The study recommends, first, an amendment to the Law on Aceh Governance to serve as the legal basis for either extending DOKA or introducing new fiscal mechanisms to ensure the sustainability of Aceh Province’s special autonomy. Second, should adjustments to DOKA occur, both central and local governments should develop compensatory fiscal schemes to maintain local budget stability. Enhanced accountability in financial management is also essential, given the high risk of leakage and corruption in the administration of special autonomy funds.AbstrakKemandirian fiskal merupakan salah satu tujuan utama desentralisasi. Namun, hingga saat ini Provinsi Aceh masih bergantung pada Dana Otonomi Khusus Aceh (DOKA) sebagai instrumen utama desentralisasi fiskalnya, yang akan berakhir pada 2027. Ketergantungan ini mengindikasikan bahwa Aceh belum mencapai kemandirian fiskal yang sejati. Kondisi tersebut menimbulkan pertanyaan terkait keberlanjutan kebijakan fiskal di Provinsi Aceh dalam kerangka otonomi khusus. Atas dasar tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji konsep desentralisasi fiskal dan penerapannya dalam sistem otonomi khusus Provinsi Aceh, serta menganalisis bagaimana kemungkinan skenario kebijakan fiskal pasca-berakhirnya DOKA. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual dan perundang-undangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, pertama, bahwa desentralisasi fiskal di Provinsi Aceh bersifat asimetris, dengan kerangka fiskal yang berbeda dari daerah non-asimetris, sebagai konsekuensi dari penerapan otonomi khusus yang memberikan kewenangan lebih luas. Kerangka ini diatur dalam UU Pemerintahan Aceh, dengan DOKA sebagai salah satu mekanisme utamanya. Kedua, kemandirian fiskal di Provinsi Aceh belum tercapai, sehingga membuka kemungkinan untuk memperpanjang DOKA atau merancang skema fiskal alternatif. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, rekomendasi yang diajukan adalah: pertama, perlu dilakukan perubahan terhadap UU Pemerintahan Aceh sebagai dasar hukum perpanjangan DOKA atau pengembangan mekanisme fiskal baru. Kedua, apabila DOKA disesuaikan, pemerintah pusat dan daerah perlu menyusun skema kompensasi fiskal untuk menjaga stabilitas Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Aceh (APBA). Peningkatan akuntabilitas pengelolaan keuangan juga perlu dilakukan, mengingat tingginya risiko kebocoran dan praktik korupsi dalam pendanaan otonomi khusus.
Co-Authors Arysandi, Didan Neofal Briliyan Erna Wati Lubis, Alfi Syahri Muhammad Harun Rizqiyanto, Naufal Rohman, Azmi Fathu Sangadji, Sulastri Syarif Hidayat Tri Nurhayati Yusuf, Rizki Fauzan