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Contribution Model of al-Mas'ūliyyah al-Jinā'iyyah in the Formulation of Criminal Liability in Indonesia’s New Criminal Code Abdillah, Junaidi; Nurhayati, Tri; Najichah, Najichah; Zohara, Lira; Tholchah, Muchammad
Al-Ahkam Vol. 34 No. 2 (2024): October
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/ahkam.2024.34.2.22592

The evolution of criminal law in Indonesia reflects a complex interplay between indigenous legal traditions and external influences, including Islamic law. This article examines the contribution model of al-mas'ūliyyah al-jinā'iyyah (criminal liability in Islamic law) to formulating criminal liability in Indonesia’s New Criminal Code (KUHP Baru). The study adopts a qualitative research method, utilizing a comparative legal analysis framework to explore the dialectic between Islamic criminal law and the New Criminal Code. Data sources include classical legal texts, the book of Qur’anic exegesis and Hadith interpretations, legislative documents related to the New Criminal Code, academic literature, legal commentaries, and jurisprudential analyses. Through this method, the study identifies an elegant interplay between the principles of ḍarar (harm) and the fundamental criminal liability provisions in both systems. This study's findings reveal significant similarities and key differences, such as the role of intent, the typology of legal subjects, and the broader scope of liability for corporate crimes under the New Criminal Code (KUHP Baru). This article concludes that the contribution of al-mas'ūliyyah al-jinā'iyyah to the New Criminal Code lies primarily at the level of values while highlighting the potential for further alignment in specific areas.

Evaluating the Impact of Government Policies on Child Marriage Prevention in Rembang Regency Najichah, Najichah; Rofiq, M. Khoirur; Khari, Faseeyah
Al-Mujtahid: Journal of Islamic Family Law Vol 5, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : IAIN Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30984/ajifl.v5i1.3456

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of government policies in preventing child marriage in Rembang Regency, focusing on both preventive and repressive efforts. A qualitative research design was employed, utilizing observations and in-depth interviews with key stakeholders, including the Office of Religious Affairs (Kantor Urusan Agama, KUA), the Social Affairs Office (Dinas Sosial), and the Religious Court (Pengadilan Agama). The findings reveal that government initiatives can be classified into two primary categories: preventive policies, such as the Child-Friendly Village (Desa Ramah Anak), the Child Protection Advocacy Team (Tim Advokasi Perlindungan Anak, KPAD), and PUSPAGA SAMARA (Pusat Pembelajaran Keluarga dan Pengembangan Keluarga Sejahtera Samara), and repressive measures, including the Family Report Book (Buku Laporan Keluarga) and GASPOL (Gerakan Anti Perkawinan Anak). Despite these efforts, the overall effectiveness remains suboptimal due to challenges such as the lack of synchronization between local regulations and national law, insufficient inter-agency collaboration, limited human resources and budget allocations, a literal interpretation of religious teachings, and entrenched patriarchal cultural norms. The study recommends aligning local regulations with Law No. 16 of 2019, enhancing coordination between relevant agencies, increasing human resource capacity, improving budget allocation, and adopting a culturally contextualized educational approach to tackle child marriage.Keyword: Marriage dispensation, Rembang, Preventive and Represive Efforts

Reconstruction of Islamic Family Law in Indonesia Through Constitutional Court Decisions Najichah, Najichah
Walisongo Law Review (Walrev) Vol. 4 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/walrev.2022.4.2.13407

No law is perfect as well as in the Marriage Law, there are many criticisms of the articles in the UUUP which are considered not to follow the spirit of family law reform. Many articles are considered discriminatory, have multiple interpretations, and do not provide legal justice. The proposed revision of the contents of the UUP began during the Reformation period, but the debate just ended. Amid the impasse in 2003 the Constitutional Court (MK) was born as one of the judicial institutions in Indonesia through the amendment of the 1945 Constitution. The birth of the Constitutional Court gave fresh air to groups who felt that their constitutional rights were violated by Marriage Law No.1 of 1975. This research is a descriptive-analytic library research, the problem approach used is a normative-juridical approach. The results of the study found that the Constitutional Court acted as an interpreter, and reinforcer changed Islamic family law, and even made a new Islamic family law using the glasses of the constitution. Based on the decision of the Constitutional Court which is final and binding, the Constitutional Court's decision functions as a negative legislator and a positive legislator as in Decision No.46/PUU-VIII/2010, Decision No.69/PUU-XIII/2015 and Decision No.22/PUU- XV/2017. In addition, the Constitutional Court also provides interpretation and strengthening of Islamic family law as stated in decision No.68/PUU/XII/2014. Based on the four decisions of the Constitutional Court, the Constitutional Court has an important and effective role in reforming Islamic family law in Indonesia.Undang-undang tidak ada yang sempurna begitu pula dalam UU Perkawinan, banyak kritisi tentang pasal-pasal dalam UUP yang dianggap tidak sesuai dengan semangat pembaharuan hukum keluarga. Banyak pasal yang dianggap diskriminatif, multitafsir dan tidak memberikan keadilan hukum. Sesungguhnya usulan revisi terhadap isi UUP sudah mulai pada masa Reformasi, namun perdebatan tersebut berhent begitu saja. Di tengah kebuntuan tersebut pada tahun 2003 Mahkamah Konstitusi (MK) lahir sebagai salah satu lembaga yudisial di Indonesia melalui amandemen UUD45. Lahirnya MK memberikan angin segar bagi kelompok yang merasa hak-hak konstitusi dilanggar dengan adanya UU Perkawinan No.1 tahun 1975. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian pustaka (library research) bersifat deskriptif-analitik, pendekatan masalah yang digunakan adalah pendekatan normatif-yuridis. Hasil penelitian menemukan MK berperan sebagai penafsir, penguat, mengubah hukum keluarga Islam bahkan membuat hukum keluarga Islam yang baru dengan mengunakan kacamata kontitusi. Berdasarkan putusan MK yang bersifat final and binding maka putusan MK berfungsi sebagai negatif legislator dan postitif legislator sebagaimana dalam putusan Putusan No.46/PUU-VIII/2010, Putusan No.69/PUU-XIII/2015 dan Putusan No.22/PUU-XV/2017. Selain itu MK juga memberikan penafsiran dan penguatan hukum keluarga Islam sebagaimana dalam putusan No.68/PUU/XII/2014. Berdasarkan empat putusan MK maka MK mempunyai peranan yang penting dan efektif dalam pembaharuan hukum keluarga Islam di Indonesia.

Problematics of the Execution of Religious Court Decisions Ngazizah, Inna Fauziatal; Kasdi, Abdurrohman; Abdilah, Kudrat; Najichah, Najichah; Ibrahim, Norhasnira
Fiat Justisia: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol. 19 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25041/fiatjustisia.v19no3.4172

This article examines the problem of authority in the execution of Religious Court decisions in Indonesia and its impact on the effectiveness of Islamic law. Although Religious Courts are authorized to adjudicate family and sharia economic cases, enforcement still relies on District Courts, creating dissonance between legal norms and practice. Using a juridical-sociological qualitative approach with literature studies and interviews with two judges, one clerk, and two execution applicants, the study identifies three root problems: the absence of direct execution authority, weak cross-agency coordination, and the lack of standard operational procedures. These weaknesses disproportionately affect women and children, leaving many rulings unenforced. The article recommends regulatory reform and institutional strengthening of Religious Courts, drawing comparative insights from Malaysia and Pakistan, where religious courts have clearer enforcement mechanisms.

Contribution Model of al-Mas'ūliyyah al-Jinā'iyyah in the Formulation of Criminal Liability in Indonesia’s New Criminal Code Abdillah, Junaidi; Nurhayati, Tri; Najichah, Najichah; Zohara, Lira; Tholchah, Muchammad
Al-Ahkam Vol. 34 No. 2 (2024): October
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/ahkam.2024.34.2.22592

The evolution of criminal law in Indonesia reflects a complex interplay between indigenous legal traditions and external influences, including Islamic law. This article examines the contribution model of al-mas'ūliyyah al-jinā'iyyah (criminal liability in Islamic law) to formulating criminal liability in Indonesia’s New Criminal Code (KUHP Baru). The study adopts a qualitative research method, utilizing a comparative legal analysis framework to explore the dialectic between Islamic criminal law and the New Criminal Code. Data sources include classical legal texts, the book of Qur’anic exegesis and Hadith interpretations, legislative documents related to the New Criminal Code, academic literature, legal commentaries, and jurisprudential analyses. Through this method, the study identifies an elegant interplay between the principles of ḍarar (harm) and the fundamental criminal liability provisions in both systems. This study's findings reveal significant similarities and key differences, such as the role of intent, the typology of legal subjects, and the broader scope of liability for corporate crimes under the New Criminal Code (KUHP Baru). This article concludes that the contribution of al-mas'ūliyyah al-jinā'iyyah to the New Criminal Code lies primarily at the level of values while highlighting the potential for further alignment in specific areas.

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