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Balancing Democracy and Adz-Dzari'ah Principles: Legal Reasoning on Term Limits for Political Party Chairpersons in Indonesia Billah, Mu'tashim; Rahma, Vivi; Yudha, Alda Kartika
Supremasi Hukum: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum Vol. 12 No. 2 (2023): Supremasi Hukum
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/sh.v12i2.3171

Abstract

This study explores the issue of term limits for political party chairpersons from the perspective of democracy and the principles of az-zari'ah. In 2022-2023, there was a surge in lawsuits to the Constitutional Court regarding the absence of rules regarding the term of office of political party chairpersons in Indonesia. The number of lawsuits shows that the absence of such rules has caused considerable problems, both within and outside political parties and the state. Various political diseases have become increasingly apparent, such as the perception that public officials only follow the direction of party leaders (bossism), and this has the potential to lead to abuse of power by political party chairmen in the context of public policy. Using a qualitative literature review methodology, this study uses a comparative philosophical approach, namely by paying attention to the principles of democracy and applying methods derived from az-zari'ah. Both of these are used because, on the one hand, Indonesia is a country that applies the principles of democracy; on the other hand, many Indonesian people believe in the truth of Islamic law, including the principles of az-zari'ah. It was found that, from the perspective of az-zari'ah, the term of office of the party chairman must be limited (closed) so as not to become a vehicle for political disease. By Az-zari'ah, limiting the term of party leaders becomes a crucial matter, as it helps mitigate potential harms that may arise in the absence of such limitations. Meanwhile, from a democratic perspective, it also has the same value implications, namely the need to limit the term of office of the chairman. Democracy has the basic function of limiting political power in a person and not expanding or giving unlimited power like a monarchical system. This is because democracy believes that power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts. So, since Indonesia uses the philosophy of democracy in its country, every political institution, in this case, political parties, must abide by the same rules.
Antara Dua Kemafsadatan: Respon Fikih atas Praktik Jual Beli Alat Kontrasepsi Secara Bebas di Kota Batusangkar Fauzia, Fauzia; Rahma, Vivi
Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum Vol. 11 No. 1 (2023): Al-Mazaahib
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/al-mazaahib.v11i1.3047

Abstract

This article discusses the sale of contraceptive devices in pharmacies around the city of Batusangkar, which is done freely without specific supervision. This has led to the misuse of contraceptives by the community, particularly among young people who engage in casual sex. The article is based on a field research conducted with a qualitative descriptive approach. The data was obtained through interviews and documentation with pharmacy employees, consumers who have purchased contraceptive devices, and the Investment and Integrated One-Stop Service Agency of Tanah Datar Regency. The data analysis involved data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that the sale of contraceptive devices in Batusangkar is conducted freely without any specific requirements or regulations imposed by the pharmacies. According to the perspective of Fikih Muamalah, the sale of contraceptive devices in pharmacies in Batusangkar is allowed as long as it meets the conditions and principles of a valid transaction and is used in accordance with the applicable rules. However, if the contraceptive devices are used for actions considered sinful, such transactions are not permissible The determination of the permissibility or prohibition of buying and selling contraceptives among unmarried teenagers and children needs to consider which harm is greater, whether to prohibit or allow it. This article discusses various possible harms that arise from the practice of buying and selling contraceptives, taking into account relevant principles of Islamic jurisprudence.[Artikel ini mengulas tentang penjualan alat kontrasepsi di Apotek sekitar Kota Batusangkar yang dilakukan secara bebas tanpa pengawasan khusus. Hal ini telah menyebabkan penyalahgunaan alat kontrasepsi oleh masyarakat, terutama di kalangan pemuda dan pemudi yang terlibat dalam hubungan seks bebas. Artikel ini merupakan hasil penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Data yang digunakan berasal dari wawancara dan dokumentasi dengan karyawan Apotek, konsumen yang pernah melakukan pembelian alat kontrasepsi, serta Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu Kabupaten Tanah Datar. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tahap pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penjualan alat kontrasepsi di Kota Batusangkar dilakukan secara bebas tanpa adanya persyaratan atau ketentuan khusus dari pihak Apotek. Menurut pandangan Fikih Muamalah, penjualan alat kontrasepsi di Apotek Kota Batusangkar diperbolehkan selama masih memenuhi persyaratan dan prinsip jual beli yang sah, serta digunakan sesuai dengan aturan yang berlaku. Namun, jika alat kontrasepsi tersebut digunakan untuk tindakan yang dianggap maksiat, maka transaksi tersebut tidak diperbolehkan. Penentuan halal dan haramnya praktik jual beli kontrasepsi di kalangan remaja dan anak-anak yang belum menikah perlu mempertimbangkan mafsadat mana yang lebih besar, apakah melarangnya atau memperbolehkannya. artikel ini mendiskusikan berbagai kemungkinan mafsadat yang muncul dari praktik jual beli kontrasepsi dengan pertimbangan kaidah-kaidah fikih yang relevan.] 
Peran Agensi Inovator Lokal Melalui Program Clip Ideaksi: Studi pada Komunitas Opdis Timur Tengah Selatan Rahma, Vivi; Fill Islamie, Fida Iyun
Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Indonesia Vol 5 No 2 (2025): JPMI - April 2025
Publisher : CV Infinite Corporation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52436/1.jpmi.3498

Abstract

Program CLIP Ideaksi merupakan inisiatif yang bertujuan untuk memberdayakan inovator lokal dalam menciptakan solusi berbasis komunitas. Program CLIP Ideaksi dilakuakan untuk melakukan pengabdian kepada masyarakat melalui penanganan bencana alam. Kegiatan pengabdian ini mengkaji peran agensi inovator lokal dalam mendorong pembangunan berkelanjutan melalui program CLIP Ideaksi di komunitas OPDIS, Timur Tengah Selatan. Dengan pendekatan partisipatif, program ini berfokus pada peningkatan kapasitas individu dan kelompok penyandang disabilitas dalam mengembangkan inovasi sosial yang berdampak langsung pada masyarakat. Program CLIP Ideaksi diantaranya berupa pelatihan menajamen bencana yang berfokus pada masyarakat penyandang disabilitas. Program pengabdian dilakukan dengan melihat kondisi lingkungan alam di Desa Toi yang rawan terjadi bencana longsor membuat program pelatihan menajemen bencana dan pemanfaatan lingkungan alam diberikan kepada masyarakat sekitar. Program ini menghasilkan peningkatan produktivitas pertanian dari sistem irigasi yang dilakukan, berkurangnya resiko bencana alam tanah longsor serta adanya pemberdayaan kelompok disabilitas, dan menguatkan keswadayaan masyarakat melalui sumbangan pipa irigasi.
Evaluating AI-Generated Fatwas: A Quality Assessment of ChatGPT and Google Bard Against Authoritative Islamic Rulings Billah, Mu'tashim; Azhari, Susiknan; Baroroh, Nurdhin; Rahma, Vivi
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 57 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.v57i1.1032

Abstract

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Islamic law has become a global phenomenon, including in Muslim countries such as the United Arab Emirates and Egypt. AI technology began to go viral when ChatGPT and Google Bard were released, claiming to be able to reason like humans. The development of Natural Language Processing (NLP) technologies like ChatGPT and Google Bard has raised a new question: Can AI replace the role of muftis in issuing fatwas? This qualitative study analyzes the capacity of AI as a fatwa issuer by testing ChatGPT and Google Bard with specific prompts related to Islamic law. The results are compared with official fatwas from Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) and Muhammadiyah, which serve as authoritative fatwa standards in Indonesia. Based on the discussion, this article finds that to date, AI NLP technology is unable to reason Islamic law as a mufti would. Therefore, AI technology cannot yet replace the role of a mufti in issuing fatwas. The main reason is that the credibility and authority of fatwas generated by AI technology cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, the use of AI technology as a fatwa issuer is not recommended. Pemanfaatan Artificial Intelligence (AI) dalam bidang hukum Islam telah menjadi fenomena global, termasuk di negara-negara Muslim seperti Uni Emirat Arab dan Mesir. Teknologi AI mulai sangat viral ketika Chat GPT hingga Google Bard dirilis yang diklaim mampu berpikir layaknya bahasa manusia. Fenomena perkembangan Natural Language Processing (NLP) seperti ChatGPT dan Google Bard memicu pertanyaan baru: Dapatkah AI menggantikan peran mufti dalam berfatwa? Penelitian kualitatif ini menganalisis kapasitas AI sebagai pemberi fatwa melalui uji coba terhadap ChatGPT dan Google Bard dengan prompt spesifik terkait hukum Islam. Hasilnya dibandingkan dengan fatwa resmi Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) dan Muhammadiyah sebagai standar fatwa yang otoritatif di Indonesia. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan, artikel ini menemukan bahwa hingga saat ini, teknologi AI NLP tidak mampu melakukan nalar hukum Islam sebagaimana seorang nalar seorang mufti. Dengan begitu, teknologi AI belum mampu menggantikan peran seorang mufti untuk berfatwa. Alasan utamanya adalah bahwa hasil fatwa yang digenerate oleh teknologi AI tidak dapat dipertanggungjawabkan kredibilitas dan otoritasnya. Sehingga penggunaan teknologi AI sebagai pemberi fatwa tidak direkomendasikan.