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Development of a Low-Cost Spectrophotometer for Protein Determination Using the Lowry Method Salsabilla, Lestha Aurel; Hermawan, Dadan; Diastuti, Hartiwi; Anggraeni, Mekar Dwi; Fatoni, Amin
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 26, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.99361

Abstract

Affordable and accessible laboratory equipment is increasingly crucial, particularly in resource-limited settings. This research presents the development of a cost-effective spectrophotometer using an Arduino microcontroller and a TSL2591 light sensor to quantify protein concentration via the Lowry method. The device employs a 750 nm LED and a 3D-printed PLA case to house the components. Casein was used for calibration, yielding a linear detection range of 100–700 ppm with a high correlation coefficient (r = 0.9991). The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 18.05 and 60.16 ppm, respectively. Precision was confirmed with a HORRAT value of 0.982. Accuracy was validated using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test, which showed no significant difference between the fabricated device and a commercial UV-vis spectrophotometer (p = 0.779). These findings support the reliability and reproducibility of the device for protein quantification. The project’s open-source nature encourages further development and application in educational, clinical, and field settings. This innovation supports the development of accessible, low-cost biochemical analysis tools.
Pengaruh program pelatihan keperawatan terhadap penurunan kejadian ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP), peningkatan pengetahuan, praktik, dan kepatuhan perawat: Sebuah tinjauan sistematis Rukhayati, Yati; Anggraeni, Mekar Dwi
Holistik Jurnal Kesehatan Vol. 19 No. 10 (2025): Volume 19 Nomor 10
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan-fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/hjk.v19i10.1623

Abstract

Background: Patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and on ventilators for more than 48 hours are highly susceptible to Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP), a common clinical complication. A study showed that training critical care nurses in implementing a VAP prevention package effectively reduced the incidence of VAP. Purpose: To identify the effect of a critical care training program on the incidence of VAP and improve nurses' knowledge, practice, and adherence. Method: The literature review included a comprehensive search of academic databases for relevant studies, including PubMed, Scopus, Wiley Online Library, MJSonline, and Google Scholar. A quasi-experimental study of intensive care nurses providing care to patients on mechanical ventilators published between 2015 and 2024 was conducted. Results: Ten reviewed research articles demonstrated that a nurse training program can reduce the incidence of VAP and improve nurses' knowledge, practice, and adherence to VAP prevention protocols. Conclusion: The nurse training program reduced the incidence of VAP and improved nurses' knowledge, practice, and adherence in the intensive care unit. Suggestion: Future research should expand access to the literature, implement purposive sampling, and optimize resources to generate deeper insights and improve VAP prevention strategies in the ICU.   Keywords: Adherence; Knowledge; Nursing Training Program; Practice; Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP).   Pendahuluan: Pasien yang dirawat di Intensive Care Unit (ICU) dan menggunakan ventilator selama lebih dari 48 jam sangat rentan mengalami Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP), sebuah komplikasi klinis yang cukup umum. Sebuah studi menunjukkan bahwa, pelatihan perawat perawatan kritis dalam penerapan paket pencegahan VAP secara efektif mengurangi insiden VAP . Tujuan: Untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh program pelatihan keperawatan terhadap kejadian VAP, peningkatan pengetahuan, praktik, dan kepatuhan perawat. Metode: Tinjauan pustaka yang melibatkan penelusuran basis data akademik daring untuk mendapatkan studi-studi relevan, termasuk PubMed, Scopus, Wiley Online Library, MJSonline, dan Google Scholar. Studi kuasi-eksperimental tentang perawat perawatan intensif yang memberikan layanan kepada pasien menggunakan ventilator mekanik yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2015 dan 2024. Hasil: Sebanyak 10 artikel penelitian yang ditinjau menunjukkan bahwa, program pelatihan perawat dapat mengurangi kejadian VAP dan meningkatkan pengetahuan, praktik, dan kepatuhan perawat terhadap protokol pencegahan VAP. Simpulan: Program pelatihan perawat mengurangi kejadian VAP dan meningkatkan pengetahuan, praktik serta kepatuhan perawat di unit perawatan intensif. Saran: Penelitian selanjutnya harus memperluas akses literatur, menerapkan seleksi objektif, dan mengoptimalkan sumber daya untuk menghasilkan wawasan yang lebih dalam dan meningkatkan strategi pencegahan VAP di ICU.   Kata Kunci: Kepatuhan; Pengetahuan; Praktik; Program Pelatihan Keperawatan; Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP).