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All Journal JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Komunitas Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Abdimas Altruis: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat
Rini Dwiastuti
Faculty Of Pharmacy, Universitas Sanata Dharma
Humanities Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Education Environmental Science Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Social Sciences Other

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Optimization and Physical Characterization of Kojic Acid Nanoemulsion Formula As A Whitening Agent Yovi Guanse; Rini Dwiastuti; Brigita Tuelvin Jenita Gandi; Lutfi Chabib
Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Komunitas (Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Community) Vol 22, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Sanata Dharma University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/jpsc.009968

Abstract

Kojic acid (KA) as a topical formulation prevents hyperpigmentation through the inhibition of tyrosinase activity. However, KA has higher solubility in nonpolar solvents. Nanoparticle technology can be a novel innovation to enhance KA absorption into the skin. This study aims to improve the delivery of topically applied KA by enhancing absorption into the stratum corneum by optimizing the concentration of surfactant Tween 80 and co-surfactant Span 80. The nanoemulsion uses KA as an active ingredient and virgin coconut oil as the oil phase. The optimum area was analyzed using Design-Expert® 13 software, with a pure experimental design based on a 2x2 factorial design. The results indicate that all formulas are within the optimal region. Therefore, the determination of the optimal point can be grounded on the smallest composition within the optimal region with the objective of maximizing material efficiency, which is a formula with a concentration of Tween 80 and Span 80 of 10 grams and 3 grams, respectively. The particles are a spherical smooth shape and demonstrate an efficacy of 94.117% in inhibiting tyrosinase activity.
Antimicrobial Activity Test of Silver Nanoparticle Gel from Green Synthesis using Kelor Leaf (Moringa oleifera) as a Bioreductant Against Cutibacterium acne Afrianse Pabuang; Rini Dwiastuti
Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Komunitas (Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Community) Vol 22, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Sanata Dharma University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/jpsc.008272

Abstract

Moringa oleifera leaves contain flavonoid compounds that have the potential to act as bioreducers in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles can reduce topical antibiotic resistance, especially against acne-causing bacteria. This study aims to determine the antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles formulated in a gel form at concentrations F1 10%, F2 20%, and F3 30%, using Medi-Klin Gel® as a positive control. Testing was conducted on Nutrient Agar medium using the paper disk method with Cutibacterium acne bacteria, incubated for 24 hours at 37°C. Additionally, physical evaluations of the gel, including organoleptic properties, spreading ability, and pH, were performed. The results of the physical properties of the gel were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Organoleptic evaluation results indicated that F1 had a more transparent gel color, while F2 and F3 had darker gel colors, and all three gels had a characteristic extract aroma. Physical evaluation results for spreading ability (5.5±0.25; 5.7±0.12; 6.27±0.08) and pH values (4.42±0.17; 5.35±0.15; 5.27±0.17) were obtained. Antimicrobial research results showed inhibition zones for F1 10% (7.53±0.20), F2 20% (9.43±0.32), F3 30% (11.16±0.12), and the positive control Medi-Klin Gel® (25.15±0.26). Based on this study, concentration differences influenced the physical evaluation results of the gel formulation. Our finding suggests that the formula with the highest concentration (30%) has physical properties reaching the requirements and exhibited the highest inhibitory effect and potential as an antibacterial agent for acne.
Co-Authors Afrianse Pabuang Agatha Budi Susiana Lestari Akhmad Kharis Nugroho Bianca Levie Tania Brigita Tuelvin Jenita Gandi Christofori Maria Ratna Rini Nastiti Desi Amroni Kasanah Dewi Setyaningsih Dina Christin Ayuning Putri Elsa Irnandari Enade Perdana Istyastono Enade Perdana Istyastono Enade Perdana Istyastono Felicia Satya Christania Florentinus Dika Octa Riswanto Ignasius Adi Kurniawan Lutfi Chabib, Lutfi Marchaban Marchaban Marchaban Marchaban Marchaban Marchaban Marchaban Marchaban Maywan Hariono Michael Raharja Gani Muhammad Radifar Sri Hartati Yuliani Sri Noegrohati Sri Noegrohati Yovi Guanse