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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Saptadi Darmawan
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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Derajat Kristalinitas dan Struktur Anatomi Kayu Jati Muna Akibat Perlakuan Panas Fendi Fendi; Dian Kurniaty; Saptadi Darmawan
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 22 No. 1 (2017): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (504.992 KB) | DOI: 10.18343/jipi.22.1.20

Abstract

Teak wood (Tectona grandis L.f.) is an important part of building material in Muna, Southeast Sulawesi. This study aims to investigate the characteristics of teakwood Muna namely the degree of crystallinity and the anatomical structure of teakwood after heat treatment for 0.5-12 hours. The results of XRD analysis showed crystallinity diameter without treatment and after treatment of temperature at 90, 120, 150, dan 180 C decreased with increasing temperature namely 5.95; 5.97; 6.02; 6.2; and 7.04 nm. SEM analysis showed teakwood surface profile changes after heat treatment applied.
Candlenut shell as a lignocelullose raw material is a potential by-product for produce activated charcoal. It’s quality are affected by raw material and activated process i.e. temperature, activation time and activating agent.  This paper intends to study the properties of activated charcoal made from candlenut shell. Candlenut shell was carbonization at 500 °Cfor 5 hour. Then activated using phosphoric acid in three different temperatures: 600 °C, 700 °C and 800 °C, in the duration time of 90, Saptadi DARMAWAN; Gustan PARI; Kurnia SOFYAN
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Vol. 2 No. 2 (2009): Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Departemen Hasil Hutan, IPB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Candlenut shell as a lignocelullose raw material is a potential by-product for produce activated charcoal. It’s quality are affected by raw material and activated process i.e. temperature, activation time and activating agent.  This paper intends to study the properties of activated charcoal made from candlenut shell. Candlenut shell was carbonization at 500 °Cfor 5 hour. Then activated using phosphoric acid in three different temperatures: 600 °C, 700 °C and 800 °C, in the duration time of 90, 120 and 150 minutes.  The result shows that candlenut shell activated charcoal more influence of temperature than activation time. Overall, the activated charcoal met the Indonesian Standard requirement for commercialised activated charcoal with optimation activation at 800 °C  for 120 minute.   Keywords :    Candlenut shell, activated charcoal, optimation, activation, phosphoric acid
KEMUNGKINAN PENGGUNAAN NANO KARBON DARI LIGNOSELULOSA SEBAGAI BIOSENSOR Gustan Pari; Adi Santoso; Djeni Hendra; Buchari; Akhirudin Maddu; Mamat Rachmat; Muji Harsini; Bunga Ayu Safitri; Teddi Heriyanto; Saptadi Darmawan
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 34 No. 2 (2016): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2016.34.2.111-125

Abstract

In the forest products field, the nano technology that can be developed is among others nano carbon derived from lignocellulosic stuffs. In relevant, this paper observes information and technology on the charcoal processing from lignocellulosic stuffs into nano carbon. The lignocellulosic stuffs used in this research consisted of teak wood, further carbonized into charcoal at 400-500 C using drum kiln and then purified by re-carbonizing it at 800 C for 60 minutes by using steam and sodium hydroxide (KOH) 15% as activation agent. Prior to purification, the charcoal sustained the doping (intercalation) process with Nicel and re-carbonize again at 900 C for 60 minutes. The qualities and structure of all the resulting carbon were evaluated using nano scale device pyrolysis-gas chromatography mass spectrophotomtry (PyGCMS), scanning electron microscope-energy disverse spectrophotometry (SEM-EDS and X-ray diffraction (XRD), and examined as well of their dielectric characteristics. Result show charcoal was examined of its physical and chemical properties. Manufacture of biosensor by using molecularly imprinted polimer (MIP) system based on carbon paste and optimizing. Results show that nano carbon from lignocellulose can be made for biosensor with MIP system. Optimized formulation were mixed with15% MIP, 45% carbon and 40% parafine with nernst factor of 49 mV/decade and limit detection of 1.02x10-6 M at pH4.
KARAKTERISASI STRUKTUR NANO KARBON DARI LIGNOSELLULOSA Gustan Pari; Adi Santoso; Djeni Hendra; Buchari; Akhirudin Maddu; Mamat Rachmat; Muji Harsini; Teddi Heryanto; Saptadi Darmawan
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 31 No. 1 (2013): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2013.31.1.75-91

Abstract

The science advancement in this century is such that in the future it will enter the nano technology. More specifically in the forest products field, the nano technology that can be developed is among others nano carbon derived from lignocelulosic stuffs. In relevant, this research aims to provide information and technology on the charcoal processing from lignocellulosic stuffs into nano carbon. The lignocellulosic stuffs used in this research consisted of teak wood and bamboo, further carbonized into charcoal at 400-500°C using drum kiln. The resulting charcoal was examined of its physical and chemical properties, crystalinity degree and dielectric characteristics, and then purified by re-carbonizing it at 800°C for 60 minutes. Prior to the purification, the charcoal sustained the doping (intercalation) process with Zn, Ni and Cu metals each respectively. After the purification, the charcoal was ground to very tiny particels using HEM (high energy machine) device for 48 bours. In this way, the charcoal with high crystalinity was yielded, and further sintered using spark plasma at 1,300 C into the nano carbon. The qualities and structure of all the resulting carbon (carbonized charcoal, re-carbonized charcoal, intercalated charcoal and sintered nano carbon) were evaluated using nano scale device (Py-GCMS, SEM-EDX and XRD), and examined as well of their dielectric characteristics. In turns out that the best quality charcoal was obtained from teak wood charcoal carbonized at 800°C, intercalated with Ni atoms at the ratio 1:5. The resulting charcoal afforded high crystalinity (78.98%), low electric resistance (0.17 2), and high conductivity 175.52 2'm Qualities of the corresponding nano carbon (after sintering) were such that its crystalinity spectaculary reached 81.87%, resistance (R) 0.01 & with very bigh conductivity 1067.262'm'. The nano carbon that resulted seems favorably prospective for bio-censor, bio-battery, and bio-electrode. Accordingly futher related research deserves carrying out.
KAJIAN STRUKTUR ARANG-PIROLISIS, ARANG-HIDRO DAN KARBON AKTIF DARI KAYU Acacia mangium Willd. MENGGUNAKAN DIFRAKSI SINAR-X Saptadi Darmawan; Wasrin Syafii; Nyoman J Wistara; Akhirudin Maddu; Gustan Pari
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 33 No. 2 (2015): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2015.33.2.81-92

Abstract

Activated carbon has been used widely for various applications. Hydro-char which is hydrothermally carbonized from biomass could be used as an alternative precursor for activated carbon manufacture, which is commonly obtained from pyrolized-char. This paper observes crystalline structure of Acacia mangium’s pyrolized-char and hydro-char using XRD (X-raydiffraction). The mangium wood was carbonized in 200°C and 300°C and depth analysis was conducted based on activated carbon product. Result shows carbon maturity index and aromaticity from both precursors (conventional and alternative) tends to increase after being activated; interlayer spacing (d002) is getting closer; meanwhile, crystallinity is greater; and the number, height as well as width of aromatic layers are increasing. Hydro-char exhibited crystallinity degree, maturity and aromaticity lower than those of the pyrolized-char obtained at 300°C carbonization, with the greater volatile content. Both types of char perform carbon structure with amorphous texture. The greatest iodine adsorption is achieved by hydro-char which was carbonized at 300°C. In general, XRD analysis on low temperature carbonization of pyrolized-char and hydro-char could predict the porosity of activated carbon.
POTENSI STRUKTUR NANO KARBON DARI BAHAN LIGNOSELULOSA KAYU JATI DAN BAMBU Gustan Pari; Adi Santoso; Djeni Hendra; Buchari; Akhirudin Maddu; Mamat Rachmat; Muji Harsini; Teddi Her anto; Saptadi Darmawan
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 34 No. 4 (2016): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2016.34.4.309-322

Abstract

Nanotechnology research in the realm of forest products can be exploited from lignocellulose into nano carbon. The research was aimed to provide the potency of nano carbon structure from lignosellulose as bioenergy or biosensor material. O The materials of teak wood and bamboo were carbonized into charcoal at 400-500 C followed by activation using O chemical and physical processes at 800 C for 60 minutes. This process produced charcoal with high crystalinity and surface area. After purification and activation, the activated charcoal was subsequently doped process with Zn and Ni metals which O then followed by sintering using spark plasma at 1300 C. The qualities and structure of all the resulting carbon were evaluated using nano scale devices i.e. Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometer, Scanning Electron Microscope Energy Diffraction X-ray Spectrometer, X-ray Diffractometer, I-V meter and potensiometer. Results showed that the best activated charcoal produced from the chemical-physical activation (KOH steam) possessed high fixed carbon of 84.29%; 2 surface area of 850.5 m /g, crystallinity of 38,99% and resistancy of 0.10. The teak activated charcoal which intercalated by Ni at ratio of 1:5 produced the best properties with crystallinity degree of 73.45% and conductivity of 433.86 S/m. The sintered teak activated charcoal had crystallinity degree of 78.29% with I-V meter pattern in sigmoid shape and the potentiometer response formed a slope approaching the Nerst factors. Nano carbon produced from lignocellulose is a semiconductor and more suitably use for biosensors, particularly the one derived from teak wood.
Co-Authors ADI SANTOSO Akhirudin Maddu Buchari Bunga Ayu Safitri Dian Kurniaty Djeni Hendra Fendi Fendi Gustan Pari I Nyoman Jaya Wistara Kurnia Sofyan Mamat Rachmat Muji Harsini Teddi Her anto Teddi Heriyanto Teddi Heryanto Wasrin Syafii