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UJI KERENTANAN NYAMUK Aedes aegypti TERHADAP LAMDA SIHALOTRIN DAN SIPERMETRIN TAHUN 2016 Yulistra Naftali Eka Putra; Koerniasari .; Mamik .
GEMA LINGKUNGAN KESEHATAN Vol 14, No 3 (2016): Gema Kesehatan Lingkungan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/kesling.v14i3.259

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in Indonesia is an endemic disease with morbidity level tends to increase from year to year and extends to 400 regencies/cities from 474 regencies/cities in Indonesia. This disease even frequently causes Outbreaks (KLB). One of the dengue controls is chemical control. Chemical control by using insecticides is the most popular form of control in the society because it is easy to implement. Insecticides are most commonly used are lambda cyhalothrin and sipermetrin because it is cheap and readily available. The use of the same insecticide for around 2-20 years and improper dosage can cause mosquitoes to become resistant. This study aimed to test the susceptibility of mosquitoes to Lamdacyhalothrin and cypermethrin. This research was experimental and the study design used "with Pretest-Posttest Control Group". Susceptibility Test used 500 Aedesaegypti mosquito as sample and using 20 tubes with ach tube is filled 25 mosquitoes. 0.05% of Lamdacyhalothrin and 0.05% of cypermethrin were put in 8 tubes while for control was 4 tubes containing plain white paper. Mosquitoes were exposed for 1 hour, then transferred into paper cup containing cotton containing sugar water, then stored for 24 hours. The observation was then carried out and calculating the percentage of dead mosquitoes. The results showed the number of dead mosquitoes with Lamdacyhalothrin was 7%, included in the category of resistance (WHO). The number of dead mosquitoes with cypermethrin was 2.5% which is also in the category of resistance. This susceptibility status categories are taken based on the criteria of the WHO, the mortality 80% means resistant, the mortality of 80-97% are tolerant, and 98% - 100% is susceptible (WHO, 1975) The society is advised to use insecticide in the right dose, limiting the excessive use of insecticides and if necessary, only to use non-chemical control. Keywords : Aedes aegypti, Suceptibility Test, Lamdacyhalothrin, Cypermethrin

PERBANDINGAN EFEKTIFITAS PENURUNAN KADAR BOD DAN COD PADA LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI TAHU MENGGUNAKAN TANAMAN KAYU APU (Pistia stratiotes) DAN TANAMAN ECENG GONDOK (Eichornia crassipes Solms) Enggrit Ariana Sari; Koerniasari .; Soekiran Al Jauhari
GEMA LINGKUNGAN KESEHATAN Vol 14, No 2 (2016): Gema Kesehatan Lingkungan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/kesling.v14i2.250

Tofu waste is the waste generated in tofu manufacturing process. The Waste is generated in the form of solid and liquid wastes. The liquid waste contains organic material. When it is disposed in water without processing, it will cause pollution, such as the reduction of oxygen dissolved in the water causing disturbance on organisms living in the water. This is an actual experimental research by using "pretest-posttest with Control Group" design. This research was conducted with 9 repetitions; each took 30 liters divided into three tubs. The data were then analyzed by using the percent decline formula. The results showed that each treatment was effective to reduce BOD and COD with 2 days contact. BOD reduction was 49.11% and 42.87% for COD reduction by using water hyacinth plant. With apu-apu, the reduction of BOD was 33.76% and COD was 36.26%. Small and medium industries experiencing problems with the quality BOD and COD level are suggested to make a pond filled with the plants to absorb the levels of BOD and COD to improve the quality of the liquid waste before it is discharged in water bodies. Government institutions are expected to continue to monitor industry that produces waste. Therefore, BOD and COD levels remain below the quality standard that has been set.Keywords : BOD, COD, Apu-Apu, Water Hyacinth, Tofu waste

PERBEDAAN HOUSE INDEX (HI) SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH PENANGGULANGAN FOKUS DI KELURAHAN TAWANGANOM KECAMATAN MAGETAN KABUPATEN MAGETAN TAHUN 2018 Fitria Rizki R; Koerniasari .; Sri Mardoyo
GEMA LINGKUNGAN KESEHATAN Vol 16, No 2 (2018): Gema Kesehatan Lingkungan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/kesling.v16i2.825

Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan penyakit yang jumlah penderitanya semakin meningkat setiap tahun dan penyebarannya semakin luas. Permasalahan yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah upaya penanggulangan fokus (PF) meliputi Penyuluhan, Pemberantasan Sarang Nyamuk (PSN), Larvasidasi, Fogging.Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis perbedaan House Index (HI) sebelum dan sesudah penanggulangan fokus di Kelurahan Tawanganom Kecamatan Magetan Kabupaten Magetan. Jenis Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian analitik Ex Post Facto dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik pengumpulan data lebih diutamakan dengan cara observasi. Jumlah sampel 225 rumah atau kepala/anggota keluarga.Berdasarkan hasil uji T-test sampel berpasangan (paired-sampel T test) menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan yang bermakna House Index (HI) demam berdarah dengue antara sebelum dan sesudah penanggulangan fokus dengan p value (0,000) α (0,005). Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah penanggulangan fokus dapat meningkatkan Angka Bebas Jentik khususnya House Index (HI) demam berdarah dengue di KPR Asabri I Tawanganom Indah RW.5 Kelurahan Tawanganom Kecamatan Magetan Kabupaten Magetan. Kata Kunci : House Index, Penanggulangan Fokus DBD.

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN IKAN HIAS JANTAN TERHADAP JUMLAH LARVA AEDES AEGYPTI TAHUN 2015 Apriliyah Joshua; Koerniasari .; Demes Nurmayanti
GEMA LINGKUNGAN KESEHATAN Vol 13, No 3 (2015): Gema Kesehatan Lingkungan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/kesling.v13i3.97

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) becomes a public health problem In Indonesia due to high number of sufferers and its wide spread. Control methods have been carried out chemically and non-chemically. Use of mosquitofish is one of the biological controls in which certain types of fish used as natural enemies or predators of mosquito larvae. The purpose of this study is todetermine effect of male ornamental aquarium fish to the number of Aedes aegypti larvae. This is a quasi-experimental research carried out by conducting experiment on Betta crown tail fish and Pterophyllum altum eting ability to the number of Aedes aegypti larvae. Data used in this research is primary and secondary data. The primary data were obtained fromobservation during experiment of the number of Aedes aegypti larvae eaten by both types ofornamental fish, while the secondary data was data from books and journals supporting the research.Result showed that Betta crown tail fish were the most influencing fish with an average eating ability of 282 larvae per day. While average of Pterophylum Altum eating ability was 248larvae per day. Result of the research lead to suggestion on the use of Betta crown tail fish as predators of Aedes aegypti larvae in and medium size bath up and Pterophylum Altum fish for the tub large size one.

PEMANFAATAN CANGKANG TELUR AYAM BROILER SEBAGAI TEPUNG KERABANG UNTUK MENINGKATKAN UNSUR HARA PADA TANAMAN Fanny Putri Andari; Koerniasari .; Marlik .
GEMA LINGKUNGAN KESEHATAN Vol 17, No 2 (2019): GEMA Lingkungan Kesehatan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/kesling.v17i2.1067

Sampah merupakan bahan padat buangan yang berasal dari kegiatan rumah tangga, pasar, perkantoran, dll. Salah satunya adalah cangkang telur. Cangkang telur merupakan limbah sisa buangan dari dapur yang berpotensi untuk dimanfaatkan. Sampai saat ini, limbah cangkang telur belum dimanfaatkan secara maksimal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu pemanfaatan cangkang telur ayam broiler sebagai tepung kerabang untuk meningkatkan unsur hara pada tanaman bayam.Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan eksperimen murni dengan menggunakan rancangan Posttest Only Control Group Design yang terdiri dari 6 perlakuan dengan konsentrasi yaitu 0% (kontrol), 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, dan 4 kali pengulangan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengukur pada parameter pertumbuhan tanaman bayam yaitu tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, berat basah batang, berat basah akar, berat kering batang, dan berat kering akar yang dilakukan selama 3 minggu. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya dianalisis secara analitik menggunakan uji kruskal wallis dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Post Hoc Mann Whitney U.Hasil kandungan unsur hara N, P, K mengalami peningkatan seiring dengan meningkatnya konsentrasi. Hal tersebut berbeda dengan hasil pertumbuhan tanaman bayam. Pertumbuhan tanaman bayam menunjukkan hasil yang paling tinggi yaitu pada perlakuan 20%. Hasil uji kruskal wallis menunjukkan pada konsentrasi berat tepung kerabang cangkang telur terhadap pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman dan berat basah tanaman. Hasil uji Post Hoc Mann Whitney U terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan dari berbagai konsentrasi berat tepung kerabang cangkang telur terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman bayam (P0,05).Disimpulkan bahwa pada perlakuan 20% menunjukkan hasil yang dianjurkan untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman bayam. Hal ini merupakan faktor lingkungan dan perawatan yang dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan tanaman bayam. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan konsentrasi lebih rendah. Kata Kunci : Sampah, cangkang telur, pupuk kompos, bayam

PERILAKU PENJAMAH MAKANAN DALAM MENERAPKAN HIGIENE SANITASI MAKANAN DI PONDOK PESANTREN DARUL FALAH V KECAMATAN DIWEK KABUPATEN JOMBANG Mohammad Nur Hamzah; Narwati .; Koerniasari .
GEMA LINGKUNGAN KESEHATAN Vol 13, No 1 (2015): Gema Kesehatan Lingkungan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/kesling.v13i1.79

Pesantren is an Islamic boarding school for students to learn the various aspects of Islam. The educationsystem in pesantren Darul Falah V Diwek Jombang District requires students to stay in the dorms during theirentire learning period. Students are therefore required to stay and eat at the boarding school. This conditionrequires food handlers in boarding school to strictly apply food hygiene and sanitation principles in providingthe best possible food preparation services, so that nutritional needs are met and to prevent contaminationform of physical, chemical, and microorganisms that may threaten the health of the students.The results showed the characteristics of the food handlers, they are 100% female, 40% of them aged 20years, and 40% of them have service period of 1 years. In terms of their behavioral profile, 100% have agood knowledge, 100% indicating good attitude and 100% have good conduct. Overall evaluation of foodhygiene sanitation in Darul Falah V Islamic boarding school in Diwek Sub-District Jombang District resulted ina score of 82 %, thus its could not satisfy the designated standard, especially on the variables of buildingsand hygiene of food handlers.The conclusion of this study found that the behavior of food handlers have been good, but there was stillsome aspects of food hygiene practices need to be improved such as on personal hygiene. It is suggestedforfood handlers to provide monitoring and supervision of the sanitation of food processing plant by appointing asupervisor, produce posters containing warning and giving strict sanctions for handlers who do not carry outthe activities according to the existing rules.

DISTRIBUSI PENYEBARAN JENIS TIKUS DAN PINJAL DI WILAYAH FOKUS PES Wahyu Hilal N; Ngadino .; Koerniasari .
GEMA LINGKUNGAN KESEHATAN Vol 17, No 1 (2019): GEMA Lingkungan Kesehatan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/kesling.v17i1.1049

Pes merupakan penyakit zoonosis dari tikus yang dapat ditularkan kepada manusia melalui gigitan pinjal yang mengandung bakteri Yersinia pestis. Jenis pinjal yang dikenal sebagai vektor Pes antara lain pinjal tikus yaitu Xenopsylla cheopis, Neopsylla sondaica, Stivalius cognatus dan pinjal manusia Pulex irritans. Pada daerah fokus Pes kepadatan pinjal dan tikus perlu diwaspadai, agar tidak terjadi peningkatan kasus Pes. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui distribusi penyebaran jenis tikus dan pinjal di daerah fokus Pes.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan Observasional. Obyek penelitian yaitu tikus dan pinjal di wilayah Dusun Surorowo, Desa Kayukebek, Kecamatan Tutur, Kabupaten Pasuruan. Dimana pengumpulan data jenis tikus dan pinjal tersebut akan dipetakan dengan cara peletakan perangkap hidup (live trap) sebagai titik koordinat sampel.Jenis spesies tikus yang tertangkap adalah R.tanezumi 74,57 %, Rattus tiomanicus 6,78%, Rattus exulans 18,65%. Didapatkan dua jenis Pinjal yang didapatkan, yaitu Xenopsylla cheopis sebanyak 68 ekor, Stivalius cognatus 16 ekor. Dengan hasil infestasi pinjal sebesar 54,23%, indeks pinjal umum total sebesar 1,42 dan indeks pinjal khusus sebesar 1,15 yang terbilang tinggi. Tingginya jenis tikus pada wilayah pemukiman tersebut dikarenakan melimpahnya sumber makanan dan kondisi lingkungan yang sesuai.Berdasarkan hasil dan kendala yang dihadapi selama pengambilan data jenis tikus dan pinjal paling tinggi berada di wilayah pemukiman. Saran yang dapat diberikan dari penelitian ini antara lain adanya penelitian mengenai hubungan kondisi rumah,terhadap penyebaran induk semang penyakit pes. Kata kunci : Penyebaran, Tikus, Pinjal, Pes

FAKTOR RESIKO DAN KElADIAN LEPTOSPIROSIS DI KABUPATEN PONOROGO (Studi Kasus Di Wilayah Kecamatan Ngrayun Dan Kecamatan Badegan Tahun 2014) Rahma Ika Pratiwi; Siti Surasri; Koerniasari .
GEMA LINGKUNGAN KESEHATAN Vol 12, No 2 (2014): Gema Kesehatan Lingkungan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/kesling.v12i2.61

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease with rodents (rat), pigs, cows, goats, sheep, horses, dogs, cats,birds, insectivores (hedgehogs, bats, squirrels) acting as the reservoir that have been infected by theagent of the disease leptospiroses leptospira bacteria. leptospiroses outbreak in Ponorogo namely inNgrayun Sub District in 2011 until 2013 marked the highest the number of cases. In 2013 an incident ofleptospiroses involved 20 patients in Ngrayun sub district and 7 people in the district Badegan subdistrictand in 2013 leptospiroses appeared for the first time in Badegan. The purpose of this study was todetermine the risk factors and the occurrence of leptospirosis cases in Ngrayun and Badegan subdistrictsof Ponorogo in 2014.The type of this research is descriptive with case study design to assessand describe the conditionof the cases and the associated risk factors . The research subjects were leptospiroses patients and theirhomes. Research variables in this study were the physical environment, biological environment, socialenvironment, and behavioral factors.Results of the observations and interviews using Guttman scale factors included the state of thephysical environment, poor water storage, poor use of river/weill, and the distance of the waste collection.Biological environment factors included the presenceof rats, the presence of farm animals or pets. Socialenvironmental factors included the level of education and type of occupation, they were also poor.Behavioral factors which included the habit of bathing, washing hands, use of footwear, treatment ofwounds, were all in poor state.The final conclusion is that the state of the risk factors, that include the physical environment.biological/ social and behavioral factors are in poor state. These call for counseling and testing of ROTtoimprove knowledge and insiqhts and to change people's behavior and to review the leptospirosesprevention program

KUALITAS UDARA RUANG OPERASI RSU X SURABAYA TAHUN 2017 Olivia Cininta; AT. Diana Nerawati; Koerniasari .
GEMA LINGKUNGAN KESEHATAN Vol 15, No 2 (2017): Gema Kesehatan Lingkungan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/kesling.v15i2.682

Salah satu ruangan dengan zona risiko tinggi di rumah sakit adalah ruang operasi yang membutuhkan kondisi steril termasuk kualitas udara. Apabila kualitas udara ruang operasi yang tidak memenuhi persyaratan Kepmenkes No. 1204/SK/Menkes/X dapat menyebabkan gangguan kesehatan dan beresiko menimbulkan infeksi nosokomial, sehingga perlu dilakukan pembersihan dan sterilisasi ruang operasi. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisa prosses pembersihan ruang operasi dan kualitas udara sebelum dan sesudah proses pembersihan di RSU Haji Surabaya tahun 2017. Jenis Penelitian one group pre-post design, dengan pengumpulan data observasi dan wawancara tentang cara pembersihan dan sterilisasi ruangan operasi, pengukuran kualitas udara mikrobiologi (angka kuman) sebelum dan sesudah kegiatan pembersihan dan sterilisasi. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah Paired t-test. Sampel sebanyak 5 titik di empat ruang operasi dengan dua kali pengambilan sampel (40). Hasil penelitian proses pembersihan dan sterilisasi OK 1 s/d OK 4 berdasarkan pernyataan oleh petugas 96%, dan observasi 69%. Hasil angka kuman sebelum proses pembersihan dan sterilisasi OK 1 s/d OK 4 17,4 CFU/m3 s/d 31 CFU/m3, sedangkan setelah proses pembersihan dan sterilisasi 11,6 CFU/m3 s/d 12 CFU/m3. Penilaian proes pembersihan dan sterilisasi berdasarkan pernyataan petugas memenuhi perysratan dan observasi tidak memenuhi persyaratan. Hasil uji statistik Paired t-test angka kuman OK 1 0,043, OK 2 0,025, OK 3 0,026, dan OK 4 0,07. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan pα (α=0,05) yang berarti perbedaan pada angka kuman sebelum dan sesudah proses pembersihan dan sterilisasi ruang operasi. Disarankan untuk pihak RSU X Surabaya untuk melakukan kontrol proses pembersihan dengan SPO Rumah Sakit menggunakan checklist, proses pembersihan lebih baik menggunakan cara basah dan membersihkan dari dalam menuju keluar ruangan, dan perbaikan pintu ruang operasi yang tidak bisa menutup rapat. Kata kunci: proses pembersihan dan sterilisasi ruang operasi, kualitas udara ruang operasi

TINGKAT KERACUNAN DAN ENZIM CHOLINESTERASE PADA DARAH PETANI PADI TAHUN 2016 (Studi Kasus Di Daerah Kepuh Anyar, Kabupaten Mojokerto) Sella Puspita; Ngadino .; Koerniasari .
GEMA LINGKUNGAN KESEHATAN Vol 15, No 1 (2017): Gema Kesehatan Lingkungan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/kesling.v15i1.573

ABSTRACTPesticides poisoning can affect the activity of cholinesterase enzyme that breaks down acetylcholinecompound that plays role in transmitting signal or stimulus into muscle nerve cells adjacent to each other thatstimuli can stop.Factors which allow the poisoning is the absence of PPE when working and unstandardized dosage ofpesticides usage. Poisoning can occur through skin contact, inhalation or oral. The purpose of this study is todetermine blood cholinesterase enzyme working activities on rice farmer in Kepuh Anyar, Mojokerto 2016. Thisstudy is a descriptive study with cross sectional approach. Data collection was carried out through laboratoryresults.The result of this study shows that the majority of rice farmers in Kepuh Anyar village, Mojokerto usedcarbamate and peritroid pesticides. The average age of farmers was 40 years, working duration of ≤ 8 hours,years of 11-15, and had sufficient knowledge to categories of pesticides. However, most of the farmers‟cholinesterase enzyme experienced poisoning in mild and moderate poisoning level.Related agencies are suggested to conduct counseling about the dangers of pesticide contamination toagricultural sector. Further researchers are advised to analyze other factors that may affect the activity ofcholinesterase enzyme.Keywords : Work Activity of Cholinesterase Enzyme, rice farmers

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