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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan agriTECH JURNAL SELULOSA Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Euis Hermiati
R&D Unit for Biomaterials, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Cibinong, Bogor 16911, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Education Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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Effect of Corn Steep Liquor on Bamboo Biochemical Pulping Using Phanerochaete chrysosporium Faizatul Falah; Widya Fatrisari; Riksfardini A Ermawar; Dedi TA Nugroho; Euis Hermiati
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 9, No 2 (2011): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (478.68 KB) | DOI: 10.51850/jitkt.v9i2.132

Abstract

The effect of corn steep liquor (CSL) loading on white rot fungi inoculums in the biochemical pulping of betung bamboo was investigated. The best condition of the pretreatment was also determined. There were two conditions of CSL amount used i.e. 1% (v/w) and 10 % (v/w) of CSL used in 100 ml of inoculums. In short, fresh bamboo chips without bark was incubated with Phanaerochaete chrysosporium inoculum stocks for 30 and 45 days at room temperature and followed by Kraft and Soda pulpings. SEM images of pretreated chips were taken after incubation. The pulp yield, Kappa number, freeness, delignification selectivity, and brightness were analyzed. The more CSL amount added with Kraft process gave better results on pulp yield. Increasing incubation time increased pulp yields and decreased the Kappa numbers. On the other hand, freeness and brightness of pulp increased especially for Kraft process. The SEM images showed that there were cell walls degradation activities. The best properties of pulp were obtained by the Kraft process for the treatment of 10% CSL with 30 days of incubation time.Key words: betung bamboo, biochemical pulping, corn steep liquor, Phanaerochaete chrysosporium
Microwave Treatment on Two Fast Growing Trees Species for Bioethanol Production Lucky Risanto; Euis Hermiati; Danang S Adi
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 10, No 1 (2012): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (398.776 KB) | DOI: 10.51850/jitkt.v10i1.128

Abstract

The objectives of this research were to analyze chemical component and to evaluate the effect of micro wave treatment on the bioethanol production of “balik angin daun kecil” and “balik angin daun sedang” woods. Woods were milled to the size of 40-60 mesh and followed by measuring their chemical component. Glycerol and 0.5% sulphuric acid were added to the woods with the ratio of 10:1 and 20:1, respectively and then irradiated to the micro waves for 2.5-10 min. with power 50 and 70%. The pulp was hydrolyzed with cellulose for 48 H and reducing sugar yield was obtained. The results indicated that hollocellulose and alpha cellulose of “balik angin daun kecil” wood was higher than that of “balik angin daun sedang” wood. Conversely, lignin content of “balik angin daun kecil” wood was lower than that of “balik angin daun sedang” wood. The highest reducing sugar yield of balik angin daun kecil and balik angin daun sedang woods were 21.00% and 22.40%, respectively and they were obtained on irradiated to microwaves for 5 min at 70% power.Key words: balik angin, bioethanol, chemical component, enzymatic hydrolysis, microwave
BIOPULPING BAMBU BETUNG MENGGUNAKAN KULTUR CAMPUR JAMUR PELAPUK PUTIH (Trametes versicolor, Pleurotus ostreatus dan Phanerochaete crysosporium) Widya Fatriasari; Sita Heris Anita; Faizatul Falah; Triyono Nugroho Adi; Euis Hermiati
JURNAL SELULOSA Vol 45, No 02 (2010): BERITA SELULOSA
Publisher : Center for Pulp and Paper

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1725.643 KB)

Abstract

This research was to study the pretreatment effect of mixed culture fungi (T.versicolor, P.ostreatus and P.crysosporium) of betung bamboo on quality of pulp kraft and to determine the effect of pretreatment compared to monoculture. Bamboo chips were inoculated at room temperature and analysed by SEM. Bamboo chips was cooked by kraft process and analysed its properties i.e yield, kappa number, delignification selectivity, freeness and pulp brightness. Results showed that mixed culture pretreatment of T.versicolor, P.ostreatus, dan P.crysosporium gave better pulp quality compared to monoculture. Each fungi treatment gives different effect on pulp properties. Pulp yield was increased which compare to without fungi treatment. If three fungi species were mixed, it showed little positive effect on pulp properties. Mixed culture pretreatment can increased freeness. Meanwhile, pulp yield and delignification selectivity were increased, and kappa number was decreased. Fungi pretreatment can increase pulp brightness level compare to control. SEM image indicated a degradation of bamboo cell wall caused by fungi activity. The longer incubation time reduced kappa number and improved pulp yield and delignification selectivity. The highest pulp quality is by a co-culturing T.versicolor and P.crysosoporium on 30 days incubation.Key words : white rot fungi, mixed culture, kraft pulping, betung bamboo, pulp quality INTISARIPenelitian ini dilakukan untuk mempelajari pengaruh perlakuan kultur campur jamur T. versicolor, P.ostreatus dan P. crysosporium pada bambu betung dengan proses pemasakan kraft terhadap kualitas pulp. Selain itu, untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengaruhnya terhadap kualitas pulp yang dihasilkan dari perlakuan kultur tunggal. Bambu diinokulasi pada suhu ruang dan dianalisa dengan SEM. Bambu dimasak dengan proses kraft dan dianalisa kualitas pulp berupa rendemen pulp, bilangan kappa, selektifitas delignifikasi, derajat giling, dan derajat putih. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa perlakuan awal kultur campur T.versicolor, P.ostreatus, dan P.crysosporiummemberikan kualitas pulp yang lebih baik dibandingkan kultur tunggal ditinjau dari bilangan kappa, selektifitas delignifikasi dan rendemen. Masing-masing kombinasi perlakuan jamur memberikan respon yang berbeda. Terjadi peningkatan rendemen dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Jika ketiga spesies jamur dicampur maka kurang berpengaruh positif terhadap kualitas pulp. Perlakuan kultur campur menyebabkan pulp lebih kasar yaitu terjadi peningkatan derajat giling. Sedangkan rendemen dan selektifitas delignifikasi meningkat, serta bilangan kappa menurun. Perlakuan jamur meningkatkan derajat giling pulp dibandingkan kontrol. Pencitraan SEM menunjukkan perlakuan kultur campur menyebabkan degradasi dinding sel bambu. Bertambahnya lama inkubasi menyebabkan penurunan bilangan kappa, peningkatan selektifitas delignifikasi dan rendemen. Perlakuan terbaik adalah inokulasi secara bersamaan T.versicolor and P.crysosoporium dengan lama inkubasi 30 hari.Kata kunci : jamur pelapuk putih, kultur campur, kraft pulping, bambu betung, kualitas pulp 
PROSES PEMBUATAN SERAT SELULOSA BERUKURAN NANO SISAL (Agave sisalana) DAN BAMBU BETUNG (Dendrocalamus asper) Subyakto .; Euis Hermiati; Dede Heri Yuli Yanto; Fitria .; Ismail Budiman; Ismadi .; Nanang Masruchin; Bambang Subiyanto
JURNAL SELULOSA Vol 44, No 02 (2009): BERITA SELULOSA
Publisher : Center for Pulp and Paper

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4999.234 KB) | DOI: 10.25269/jsel.v44i02.133

Abstract

Lignocellulosic natural fibers originated from renewable resources such as wood and non wood (bamboo, sisal, kenaf, ramie, abaca, coconut coir, etc.) are abundantly available on the earth. These fibers can be processed further into nano size cellulose microfibrils which have diameter less than 100 nm. Nanofibers have unique characteristics such as very high strength, large surface to volume ratio and high porous mesh. So nanofibers are very promising materials to be use in composites, automotive, plup and paper, electronics, and other industries . Many methods have been developed to produce nanofibers from wood or non wood resources , basically how to fibrillate the fibers into nano size. Mostly they uses mechanical treatments using refiner, grinder, high pressure homogenizer, or other methods such as using ultrasonic or enzymatic. In this research, development process to produce cellulose nanofibers from sisal (Agave sisalana), betung bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) was tried, Fibers were processed to produce pulps. The pulps were processed using a stone refiner for several times. The resulted fibers were further processed in a mixer (ultra turrax) for 2 hours at speed of 24000 rpm. Fibers were observed with a Scanning Electon Miscroscope (SEM) to make sure that the diameter size was reached to nano size. Other process are treated fibers with disc refiner and processed further in high pressure homogenizer was also done. Result shown that using the above processes, nano size fibers wuth diameter less tha 100 nm could be produced. For the next research other method to pruduce nanofibers such as using ultrasonic will be conducted. Research on the utilization of nanofibers as reinforcement of composites for automotive components is going on.Keywords : nanofibers, celluloce, sisal, bamboo, mechanical treatmentsINTISARI Lignoselulosa yang berasal dari kayu dan nonkayu (bamboo, sisal, kenaf, rami, abaka, sabut kelapa, dan lain-lain) merupakan bahan yang sangat melimpah keberadaannya di muka bumi. Bahan serat ini dapat diproses lebih lanjut menjadi mikrofibril selulosa yang mempunyai diameter kurang dari 100 nm. Serat nano mempunyai sifat-sifat yang khas seperti sangat kuat , rasio permukaan terhadap volume yang besar dan sangat porous. Sifap sifap tersebut membuat serat nano merupakan bahan yang sangat menjanjikan untuk industry komposit, bahan otomotif, pulp dan kertas, elektronik, dan industry lainnya. Banyak metoda telah dikembangkan untuk memperoleh serat nano dari bahan kayu maupun nonkayu, yang pada prinsipnya adalah bagaimana menguraikan serat menjadi ukuran nano. Kebanyakan metoda yang digunakan adalah perlakuan mekanik seperti menggunakan refiner, grinder, high pressure homogenizer; gelombang ultasonik; atau metoda lain menggunakan enzim. Pada penelitian ini digunakan serat dari daun sisal (Agave sisalana) dan batang bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper). Setelah proses pluping, pulp sisal atau bamboo kemudian difibrilasi dengan stone refiner. Selanjutnya, diproses lanjut menggunakan ultra turax selaman 2 jam pada kecepatan 24000 rpm. Serat yang dihasilkan dimati dengan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) untuk mengetahui diameter serat sudah berukuran nano. Disamping digunakan juga disc refiner dilanjutkan dengan high pressure homogenizer untuk proses fiblirasi. Dari proses ini telah berhasil diperoleh ukuran serat bambu dan serat sisal dengan diameter lebih kecil dari 100 nm. Untuk penelitian selanjutnya akan digunakan teknik ultrasonic untuk proses fibrilasi serat. Penelitian nanofiber sebagai penguat komposit untuk aplikasi komponen otomotif sedang dilakukan.Kata kunci: serat nano, selulosa, sisal, bambu, pengolah mekanik.
SAKARIFIKASI SERAT TANDAN KOSONG DAN PELEPAH KELAPA SAWIT SETELAH PRETREATMENT MENGGUNAKAN KULTUR CAMPURAN JAMUR PELAPUK PUTIH Phanerochaete chrysosporium dan Trametes versicolor Euis Hermiati; Lucky Risanto; Sita Heris Anita; Yosi Aristiawan; Yanni Sudiyani; Ahmad Hanafi; Haznan Abimanyu
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 32 No. 2 (2014): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2014.32.2.111-122

Abstract

There are only a few studies conducted on the use of co-culture of white-rot fungi for pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. The aim of this research is to study the effects of biological pretreatment of oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) and oil palm frond (OPF) fiber using co-culture of two white-rot fungi, namely Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Trametes versicolor, on the results of the enzymatic saccharification of such biomass. The representative samples of OPEFB and OPF fibers (40-60 mesh in sizes) after being sterilized, each as much as 5% (w/v), were inoculated with the co-cultures of the two fungi and incubated at ±27°C for 4 weeks. The samples were taken partially and then examined after 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks of incubation. Saccharification process using cellulase and β-glucosidase was performed in a water bath shaker at 50°C for 48 hours. Reducing sugar, glucose and xylose content were analyzed. The highest reducing sugar yield, glucose and xylose concentrations from the saccharification on OPEFB, as much as consecutively 13.08%, 0.86 mg/g and 0.13 mg/g, were obtained after pretreatment for 4 weeks; while likewise those for OPF corresponding to 8.98%, 0.92 mg/g and 0.23 mg/g, respectively, were obtained after 2-week pretreatment.
Co-Authors Ahmad Hanafi Bambang Prasetya Bambang Subiyanto Danang S Adi Deddy TN Adi Dede H Yulianto Dede Heri Yuli YANTO Dede HY Yanto Dedi TA Nugroho Fahriya Puspita Sari Faizatul FALAH Fitria . Haznan Abimanyu Ismadi . Ismail Budiman Jayadi Jayadi Lisman Suryanegara Lucky Risanto Mohamad Gopar Nanang Masruchin Nurhayati Nurhayati Raden BP Laksana Riksfardini A Ermawar Riksfardini Annisa ERMAWAR Sita H Anita Sita Heris Anita Subyakto . Sudijono Sudijono Teguh DARMAWAN Triyono Nugroho Adi Widya FATRIASARI Widya Fatriasari Widya Fatrisari Yanni Sudiyani Yosi ARISTIAWAN