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Desain Bangunan Eks Kolonial Terkait Kenyamanan Visual dengan Pencahayaan Alami - Studi Kasus Gedug Negara Cirebon Latifah, Nur Laela; Wigna, Ramadhan Paskal Dinda; Darmawan, Teguh; Mundika, Saefulloh Karim
Jurnal Arsitektur TERRACOTTA Vol 2, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Nasional, Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26760/terracotta.v2i2.4654

Bangunan eks kolonial merupakan warisan bernilai sejarah tinggi yang harus dilestarikan, salah satunya Gedung Negara Cirebon. Fungsi bangunan ini sebagai tempat penginapan tetap dipertahankan, di samping terdapat ruang yang menjadi area kerja dan pada masa depan direncanakan menjadi fasilitas sumber budaya. Dalam melakukan aktivitas dan kerja visual dibutuhkan cahaya alami dengan kuantitas dan sesuai agar pengguna tetap dapat memperoleh kenyamanan visual, dan hal ini sangat ditentukan oleh desain bangunan terutama orientasi bangunan dan bukaan cahaya; alokasi dan kedalaman ruang; dimensi, bentuk, posisi, dan spesifikasi bukaan cahaya; serta reflektansi permukaan. Terkait Gedung Negara yang telah ditetapkan menjadi bangunan cagar budaya dimana kondisi fisiknya harus dipertahankan, penting untuk dikaji apakah dengan desain yang ada sebagai bangunan eks kolonial, dapat memberikan kuat penerangan yang mendukung perolehan kenyamanan visual bagi penggunanya. Metoda analisis dilakukan baik kuantitatif dan kualitatif, dan pada analisis kuantitatif dilakukan pengukuran di loksi juga simulasi model menggunakan software Revit 2020 dan DIALux evo 8.2 yang hasilnya dibandingkan dengan standar kenyamanan visual terkait kuat penerangan. Diharapkan melalui penelitian ini diperoleh nilai manfaat agar dapat mengoptimalkan potensi cahaya alami bagi pengguna bangunan eks kolonial dengan tetap menjaga kelestariannya sebagai bangunan cagar budaya.Â Â Kata kunci: desain bangunan eks kolonial, kenyamanan visual, pencahayaan alami

Botanical Garden including information on their physical and mechanical properties, natural durability, distribution, prospect and other supporting data; (2) to analyze the lesser-known wood species that could be used for construction materials and then recommend them to be developed through Industrials Plantation Forest. The steps of the study were first collection of data on timber species from herbarium catalogue; second collection of data on the properties of wood from various sour Ika WAHYUNI; Wahyu DWIANTO; Yusup AMIN; Teguh DARMAWAN
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Vol. 1 No. 2 (2008): Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Departemen Hasil Hutan, IPB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Botanical Garden including information on their physical and mechanical properties, natural durability, distribution, prospect and other supporting data; (2) to analyze the lesser-known wood species that could be used for construction materials and then recommend them to be developed through Industrials Plantation Forest. The steps of the study were first collection of data on timber species from herbarium catalogue; second collection of data on the properties of wood from various sources; third, observation of stem morphology in the field. The result of the catalogue study showed that there were 291 timber tree species grown in Cibodas Botanical Garden which were comprised of 14 major commercial timbers, 74 minor commercial timbers, and 142 lesser known timbers. These timber species were also distributed in other parts of Indonesia. Observation in the field then generated 49 lesser-known wood species that could be used for construction materials based on their stem form and branch height. From the reference and catalogue study, it was found that there were 14 wood species belongs to strength class I to III with natural durability ranges from very durable to moderate. These woods were then evaluated based on their morphological features and prospects. Finally, it was found that only ten wood species that were suitable to be used for construction materials, i.e. Acmena acuminatissima (Blume.) Merr. & Perry (Kelat); Adenanthera microsperma Teijsm. & Binn. (Saga); Baccaurea parviflora (Muell. Arg.) (Setambun); Casuarina junghuhniana Miq. (Cemara Gunung); Garcinia parvifolia and G. beccari (Manggis Hutan); Gymnostoma sumatranum (Joogb. ex de Vriese) L.A.S. Johnson (Cemara Sumatra); Mimusops elengi L. (Tanjung); Neonauclea lanceolata and N. obtusa (Ki Anggrit). However, the result of this study needs to be supported by further study on their wood properties since the present data were mostly qualitatives. Further research concerning their silviculture, growth rate, and susceptibility to the diseases were also needed to be done. Keywords : Lesser-known timbers, Cibodas Botanical Garden.

Pengembangan Papan Komposit dari Limbah Perkebunan Sagu (Metroxylon sago Rottb.) (Development of Composite Board made from Sago (Metroxylon sago Rottb.) Plantation Waste) Sukma S Kusuma; Ruslan Ruslan; Muhammad Daud; Ika Wahyuni; Teguh Darmawan; Yusup Amin; Muh. Y Massijaya; Bambang Subiyanto
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 8, No 2 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Plantation waste has gained increasing attention as an alternative raw material for use in the manufacture of composite boards, i.e. waste of sago plantation. Medium density composite boards were made from zephyr of sago midrib to evaluate the effects of resin and adhesive content levels. The boards were fabricated using polyurethane (PU) and phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin with three levels of adhesive content i.e. 10%, 12%, and 14%. Physical (moisture content, density, water absorption, and thickness swelling) and mechanical (Modulus of Rupture, Modulus of Elastisity, Screw Holding, and Internal Bonding) properties of composite board were evaluated according to JIS A 5908-2003 standard. Research result showed that properties of composite board made from sago frond with 14% content level of polyurethane adhesive better than other composite board. Based on composite board properties, the board was suitable as building raw material and furniture i.e. partition, cupboard, table, and roof.

Tekno Ekonomi Produksi Perekat Aqueous Polymer Isocyanate Berbasis Lateks Karet Alam (Techno-Economic of Natural Rubber Latex-Based Aqueous Polymer Isocyanate Adhesive) Fahriya Puspita Sari; Widya Fatriasari; Raden BP Laksana; Teguh Darmawan; Jayadi Jayadi; Euis Hermiati
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 14, No 2 (2016): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Natural rubber latex (NRL)-based aqueous polymer isocyanate (API) adhesive can potentially be used for the production of wood panels or composites. Bonding properties of the adhesive could meet the standard of the wood panels produced. In order to complete its assessment as a commercial wood adhesive, it is important to conduct a techno-economic analysis of this adhesive. The design and analyses were based on 100 L production capacity. The techno-economic analysis as a basis value of the investment to be incurred in the API adhesive production considered the capability of design tools during the production process. Based on the analysis, to produce API adhesives by 34.8 tons per year it is required an investment of 509.5 million rupiahs. The production cost of API adhesives for Rp 50.000 kg-1 is Rp 35.798 with assuming a sales profit of 21.30%. The payback period is 1 year with shut down point (SDP) of 14%, and the break-even point (BEP) of 20.51%. The analysis at various production capacities (34.8, 50, 75, and 100 tons year-1) indicated that API adhesive production will be more profitable with greater production capacity because it can shorten the payback period and increase the return on investment.Keywords: API adhesives, low temperature setting, natural rubber latex (NRL), production design, techno-economic

Modifikasi Alat Pelengkung Kayu Skala Pilot dengan Menggunakan Pemanas Modification of Pilot-scale Wood Bending by Heating Elements Teguh Darmawan; Jayadi Jayadi; Sudijono Sudijono; Ika Wahyuni; Yusuf Amin; Wahyu Dwianto
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 4, No 1 (2006): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

This paper deals with manufacturing and modification of pilot-scale wood bending machine by heating elements. The machine has specifications as follows: 1000 mm width; 1305 mm height; 430 mm and 470 mm radius of upper part and bottom part of bent plates, respectively; and a manual stick pressure with 870 mm length. The upper part and bottom part of bent plates are equipped with heating elements, which the maximum of temperature is arranged to 200°C by the electric force of 220V/2000 watt. Left and right sides of bent plates are covered by 1150 mm x 950 mm insulation board to maintain the heat. From the temperature measurement, the heating plates were reached 50°C in 2.5 minutes, 100°C in 9.5 minutes, and 180°C in 28 minutes. The modified machine has successfuly bent Acacia solid wood with dimensions of 1100 mm(L) x 50 mm(T) and 10 mm, 20 mm, and 30 mm in thickness (R).

Karakteristik LVL Lengkung dengan Proses Kempa Dingin Characteristic of LVL Bent by Cold Press Process Teguh Darmawan; Wahyu Dwianto; Yusup Amin; Kurnia Wiji Prasetyo; Bambang Subiyanto
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 7, No 2 (2009): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Bending LVL (Laminated Veneer Lumber) is a more effisien method to manufacture bent wood components compare to other methods in raw materials point of view. The Bending LVL was made from Sengon veneers by cold press process with variation of Water Based Polymer-Isocyanate adhesive of 250, 280, 310 g/m2 and bend radius of 200,300, 400 mm. The results showed that the physical properties of Bending LVL made by using Water Based Polymer-Isocyanate adhesive and cold press process was fit with JAS 1639/1986 standard. The optimum adhesive concentration and bend radius was 250 g/m2 and 20 cm, respectively

The Physical and Mechanical Properties of Branch Wood of Schizolobium amazonicumDucke Yusup Amin; Ika Wahyuni; Teguh Darmawan; Wahyu Dwianto; Sunarko Sunarko
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 9, No 2 (2011): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

One of the efficiency use of wood resources can be done by promoting the utilization of lesser-known species. However, high demand of familiar woods such as teak, kamper, meranti, mahoni, albizia, and acacia wood has limited the utilization of lesser-known species. The main purpose of this research was to determine the physical and mechanical properties of the branch-woodof Schizolobium amazonicum Ducke, one of lesser-known and a fast-growing species, and had recomonded its utilization. The physical and mechanical properties tested on this research were wood density, dimensional stability, Modulus of Elasticity (MOE), Modulus of Rupture (MOR), and compression strength parallel to grain. The sample testing refers to British Standard (BS 373, 1957). The result shows that the branch-wood of S.amazonicum has physical and mechanical properties as well as other fast-growing species, e.g. albizia wood. According to its density and MOR values, the S. amazonicum is classified as strength class of IV-III and it is possible used for light construction, furniture and plywood raw material.Key words: lesser known species, physical and mechanical properties, Schizolobiumamazonicum, strength class.

IDENTIFICATION OF LIGNOCELLULOSE-LIKE MATERIAL USING SPECTROSCOPY ANALYSIS Adi, Danang Sudarwoko; Fatriasari, Widya; Narto; Triwibowo, Dimas; Darmawan, Teguh; Amin, Yusup; Sofianto, Imran Arra'd; Pari, Rohmah; Agustiningrum, Dyah Ayu; Rahmanto, Raden Gunawan Hadi; Dewi, Listya Mustika; Himmi, Setiawan Khoirul; Djarwanto; Damayanti, Ratih; Dwianto, Wahyu
Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol. 11 No. 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research
Publisher : Association of Indonesian Forestry and Environment Researchers and Technicians

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59465/ijfr.2024.11.2.299-306

Lignocellulose materials, such as bamboo, rattan, and wood, have been largely used for furniture and crafts. On the other hand, the utilization of lignocellulose-like materials, which have a similar texture and appearance to those from nature, has been increasing recently due to their superior durability. This research aimed to identify the lignocellulose-like material using spectroscopy analysis, such as Raman and Near Infrared (NIR) which is well-known as a non-destructive, quick, and accurate approach for material identification. We investigated 4 types of lignocellulose-like materials that were provided by Dewan Serat Indonesia (The Indonesian Fiber Council) from an industry that produces them. The NIR analysis was performed at wavenumbers 10,000-4,000 cm-1. The natural lignocellulose (bamboo and wood) and the polymers (polyethylene and polyproline) were used as standards. Raman analysis was further employed to identify the composition of selected lignocellulose-like materials by comparing their spectra with the library software. The results showed that the original NIR spectra of lignocellulose-like and those natural materials were different, indicating that the NIR analysis can differentiate those materials. The NIR spectra of lignocellulose-like materials were similar to those of polyethylene spectra. Those lignocellulose-like were also identified as polyethylene due to the similarity of the Raman spectra and their library spectra.

THE SURFACE CHARACTERISTICS AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SENGON WOOD AT HIGH-TEMPERATURE HEATING TREATMENTS Fariha, Tushliha Ayyuni; Marbun, Sari D; Sudarmanto; Narto; Bahanawan, Adik; Sejati, Prabu S; Darmawan, Teguh; Triwibowo, Dimas; Adi, Danang S; Amin, Yusup; Augustina, Sarah; Dwianto, Wahyu; Sari, Rita K; Alipraja, Irsan; Wahyudi, Imam; Kusuma, EM. Latif R
Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research
Publisher : Association of Indonesian Forestry and Environment Researchers and Technicians

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59465/ijfr.2025.12.1.135-149

Sengon (Falcataria moluccana Miq.) is a fast-growing timber species widely distributed in Indonesia. However, its dimensional instability and low surface quality have limited its widespread use. Wood modification is essential for enhancing these properties, and one effective approach is heat treatment. This study investigated the effects of different heat treatment methods and durations on color change, surface roughness, weight loss (WL), decreased density, and dimensional stability of sengon wood. The heat modification process was conducted using two methods: oven-heating and hot press-heating, with temperatures set at 200°C for durations ranging from 1 to 5 hours. The results indicated that oven-heated samples exhibited higher surface roughness, weight loss, density reduction, and dimensional stability while showing less color change than hot press-heated samples. Additionally, the hot press-heated samples displayed more significant color changes (darkening) and smoother surface roughness. WL and decreased density were also more pronounced with longer heating durations, except for the 4- and 5-hour hot press-heating treatments. Notably, oven-heated samples demonstrated higher dimensional stability than hot press-heated samples as the duration of heating increased. Based on the results, the optimal treatment varies depending on the desired product characteristics. For improved surface qualities with consideration of WL, the optimum treatment is a 2-hour hot press-heating treatment. Higher dimensional stability can be achieved through a 3-hour oven-heating treatment.

FIXATION PROCESS OF LAMINATED BAMBOO COMPRESSION FROM CURVED CROSS-SECTION SLATS Darmawan, Teguh; Bahanawan, Adik; S. Adi, Danang; Dwianto, Wahyu; Nugroho, Naresworo
Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol. 8 No. 2 (2021): Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research
Publisher : Association of Indonesian Forestry and Environment Researchers and Technicians

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59465/ijfr.2021.8.2.159-171

Removing the outer part of bamboo for manufacturing flat bamboo lamination has disadvantage on the density of the product. The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the fixation of compressed bamboo from curved cross-section slats. The compression of bamboo slats using densification technique was aimed for uniform density. Furthermore, steam treatments were conducted to fix the deformation. The compressed bamboo slats revealed that the density of the samples at the bottom parts increased from 0.4–0.56 g/cm3 to 0.89–1.05 g/cm3 after pressing with a compression level between 46.98–63.97%, while the samples in the middle parts increased from 0.7–0.83 g/cm3 to 1.02–1.18 g/cm3 with the compression level of 32.92–41.5%. These results were slightly higher than that of the upper parts, which was between 0.91–0.98 g/cm3. The recovery of set decreased and the weight loss increased with increasing temperature and steam treatment time. Fixation of compressive deformation could be achieved at 160°C within 60 minutes. The bottom parts of samples experienced a slightly greater weight loss compared to the middle parts, i.e. 8.38% and 7.49%, respectively. The anatomical structure of bamboo tended to deform during densification process. Furthermore, the steam treatments affected the colour of densified bamboo which became darker. From this experiment, it can be concluded that the manufacture of laminated bamboo from bamboo slats can be uniformed in strength by equalizing the density at the bottom and middle with the upper parts through the densification technique.

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