Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

Comparing Credit Risk in Islamic and Conventional Banking Using Bank-Level Panel Data Susamto, Akhmad Akbar; Octavio, Danes Quirira; Wardani, Dyah Titis Kusuma
Economica: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam Vol 11, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam UIN Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/economica.2020.11.2.5027

Abstract: This paper investigates if there is a difference in the level of the credit risk of Islamic as compared to the level of credit risk of conventional banks. This paper further investigates the importance of various credit risk determinants and possible differences in how such determinants affect credit risk in Islamic and conventional banking industries. This paper employs dynamic panel regressions using system GMM estimators. The sample includes 11 Islamic and 95 conventional banks in Indonesia throughout 2003-2018. Based on the results, it is concluded that there is no difference in the level of the credit risk of Islamic as compared to that of conventional banks. It is also concluded that credit risk is significantly affected by current and lagged asset size, lagged financing, current profitability, lagged economic growth, and current inflation. The effect of lagged financing, current profitability, and lagged economic growth is different in Islamic and conventional banking.Abstrak: Makalah ini menganalisis apakah terdapat perbedaan antara tingkat risiko kredit pada perbankan syariah dan tingkat risiko kredit pada perbankan konvensional. Makalah ini selanjutnya juga menganalisis signifikansi faktor-faktor yang diduga mempengaruhi risiko kredit dan kemungkinan perbedaan pengaruh faktor-faktor tersebut terhadap risiko kredit pada perbankan syariah dibandingkan pada perbankan konvensional. Makalah ini menggunakan regresi panel dinamis dengan system generalized method of moments (GMM) estimator. Sampel dalam makalah ini mencakup 11 bank syariah dan 95 bank konvensional di Indonesia selama periode 2003-2018. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan perbedaan antara tingkat risiko kredit pada perbankan syariah dan tingkat risiko kredit pada perbankan konvensional. Begitu pula, dapat disimpulkan bahwa risiko kredit secara signifikan dipengaruhi oleh ukuran aset tahun ini dan tahun lalu, pembiayaan tahun lalu, profitabilitas tahun ini, pertumbuhan ekonomi tahun lalu dan inflasi tahun ini. Pengaruh pembiayaan tahun lalu, profitabilitas tahun ini, dan pertumbuhan ekonomi tahun lalu, secara khusus berbeda pada perbankan syariah dibandingkan pada perbankan konvensional.

The Determinants of the Value of Mahr in Muslim Societies: Evidence from the Indonesian Family Life Surveys Friantoro, Dian; Susamto, Akhmad Akbar
Jurnal Ekonomi & Studi Pembangunan Vol 22, No 2: October 2021
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jesp.v22i2.11918

This paper aims to analyze the factors that determine the value of mahr in Muslim societies. The analysis is based on an ordinary least squares (OLS) regression with pooled cross-section data from the last three waves of the Indonesian Family Life Surveys (IFLS). The main finding is that socioeconomic status in the forms of groom’s ownership of assets and education level matters most for the value of mahr. This finding holds for regression with full sample as well as subsamples, i.e. couples whose groom is Javanese, couples whose groom is non-Javanese, couples whose bride is Javanese and couples whose bride is non-Javanese. Socioeconomic status in the form of bride’s education level also matters for the value of mahr with some exceptions. The other finding is that perceived probability of divorce as represented by differences in the socioeconomic status of a marrying couple do not have a significant effect on the value of mahr. The effect of physical appearances in the form of bride’s height is at best not robust and subject to the sample or subsample included. These findings can be useful as a reference to make marriage decisions in the future or to evaluate the ongoing practices for possible reforms.

Zakah as Deductible for Taxable Income: A Macroeconomic Perspective Akhmad Akbar Susamto
Jurnal Iqtisad Vol. 4 No. 2 (2003): English Version
Publisher : Jurnal Iqtisad

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/iqtisad.vol4.iss2.art1

Zakah is a very basal religious service and closely interconnected with both transcen-dental and social aspects of human life. According to Islamic rules, zakah is imposed on every soul (zakah al-fitr) and certain properties meeting the standardized measure (zakah al-maal). Collected zakah is hereinafter distributed to the poor, the needy, the people em-ployed to administer zakah, and the people whose hearts are made to embrace Islam, the people in bondage, the people twined by debt, the fighters in the cause of Allah, as well as the wayfarers. In Zakah Management Act No. 38/1999 mentioned, that zakah which have been bestowed to Badan Amil Zakah or Lembaga Amil Zakah (i.e. government and non-government bodies for the collection of zakah respectively) will be considered as deducti-ble for one’s taxable profits or incomes. Likewise, in Act No. 17/2000 contended that zakah of income can be considered as deductible for one’s taxable incomes. With a few appropri-ate assumptions, we can prove that the application of zakah as deductible for one’s taxable incomes will have several impacts on the economy. Aggregate consumption will increase, saving will decrease, investment criterion will change, and national income as a whole will finally enlarge. Government is therefore suggested not to hesitate to execute the Zakah Consciousness Movement.

The Role of Investment-Based Islamic Crowdfunding for Halal MSMEs: Evidence from Indonesia Zaki Abdullah; Akhmad Akbar Susamto
Al-Iqtishad: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Syariah Vol 11, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Shariah and Law, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Investment-based crowdfunding can be used as an alternative financing tool for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Indonesia. Since the population in Indonesia is dominated by Muslim, Islamic financial technology companies that provide crowdfunding services are continue to emerge and develop. The development of these services also encourages the progress of the halal industry because both have integrated relationships. However, not all funding campaigns for crowdfunding services are successful. This study aims to analyze the development of Islamic crowdfunding business in Indonesia and factors affecting the success of funding campaigns in these services using multiple linear regression methods. Primary data obtained through interviews and literature review while secondary data is collected from 39 funding campaigns in 4 Islamic crowdfunding online services. It was found that the regulation of Islamic financial technology did not yet exist though in practice it was already widely found. On the other hand, crowdfunding models in Indonesia still need improvement in its scheme. By using a quantitative approach, it was found that funding target, campaign duration, payback periods and rate of return have a positive effect on campaign success, while a minimum amount of investment has a negative effect which means the minimum amount of investment available in the crowdfunding service is appropriate. After conducting research with a qualitative and quantitative approach, SWOT analysis was conducted at the end of the study to find out the challenges and opportunities for the halal industry in utilizing such Islamic crowdfunding service.

Comparing Credit Risk in Islamic and Conventional Banking Using Bank-Level Panel Data Akhmad Akbar Susamto; Danes Quirira Octavio; Dyah Titis Kusuma Wardani
Economica: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam Vol 11, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam UIN Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/economica.2020.11.2.5027

Abstract: This paper investigates if there is a difference in the level of the credit risk of Islamic as compared to the level of credit risk of conventional banks. This paper further investigates the importance of various credit risk determinants and possible differences in how such determinants affect credit risk in Islamic and conventional banking industries. This paper employs dynamic panel regressions using system GMM estimators. The sample includes 11 Islamic and 95 conventional banks in Indonesia throughout 2003-2018. Based on the results, it is concluded that there is no difference in the level of the credit risk of Islamic as compared to that of conventional banks. It is also concluded that credit risk is significantly affected by current and lagged asset size, lagged financing, current profitability, lagged economic growth, and current inflation. The effect of lagged financing, current profitability, and lagged economic growth is different in Islamic and conventional banking.Abstrak: Makalah ini menganalisis apakah terdapat perbedaan antara tingkat risiko kredit pada perbankan syariah dan tingkat risiko kredit pada perbankan konvensional. Makalah ini selanjutnya juga menganalisis signifikansi faktor-faktor yang diduga mempengaruhi risiko kredit dan kemungkinan perbedaan pengaruh faktor-faktor tersebut terhadap risiko kredit pada perbankan syariah dibandingkan pada perbankan konvensional. Makalah ini menggunakan regresi panel dinamis dengan system generalized method of moments (GMM) estimator. Sampel dalam makalah ini mencakup 11 bank syariah dan 95 bank konvensional di Indonesia selama periode 2003-2018. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan perbedaan antara tingkat risiko kredit pada perbankan syariah dan tingkat risiko kredit pada perbankan konvensional. Begitu pula, dapat disimpulkan bahwa risiko kredit secara signifikan dipengaruhi oleh ukuran aset tahun ini dan tahun lalu, pembiayaan tahun lalu, profitabilitas tahun ini, pertumbuhan ekonomi tahun lalu dan inflasi tahun ini. Pengaruh pembiayaan tahun lalu, profitabilitas tahun ini, dan pertumbuhan ekonomi tahun lalu, secara khusus berbeda pada perbankan syariah dibandingkan pada perbankan konvensional.

The Cyclical Behavior of Capital Buffer of Indonesian Islamic and Conventional Banks Atikah, Nur; Susamto, Akhmad Akbar; Saleh, Samsubar; Abdic, Ficrat
International Journal of Islamic Economics and Finance (IJIEF) Vol 6, No 1 (2023): IJIEF Vol 6 (1), January 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/ijief.v6i1.13154

This paper is aimed at analyzing the cyclical behavior of capital buffer of Islamic and conventional banks in Indonesia. More specifically, this paper has three objectives. First, to test whether capital buffer in Indonesian banking industry as a whole is countercyclical or procyclical. Second, to test whether there is a difference in the level of capital buffer of Islamic banks as compared to the level of capital buffer of conventional banks. Third, to test whether there is a difference in the cyclicality of capital buffer of Islamic and conventional banks. The analysis in this paper is conducted using the standard dynamic system generalized method of moments (system GMM) regressions and includes a panel of 108 banks over the period between 2004 and 2019. From the results, it can be concluded that the capital buffer of Islamic and conventional banks in Indonesia is procyclical. From the results, it can also be concluded that no difference exists in the level of capital buffer of Islamic banks as compared to conventional banks and in the cyclicality of capital buffer in Islamic and conventional banking. If the countercyclical capital buffer is achieved, a policy measure to alter the cyclical behavior of capital buffer of Islamic and conventional banks in Indonesia therefore is a must. Such policy measure needs not to be specified for Islamic or conventional banking industry.

Analysis of the Impact of the Raskin Program on Food Security for Poor Households in Indonesia Mustofa, Mustofa; Sugiyanto, Catur; Susamto, Akhmad Akbar
Jurnal Economia Vol. 19 No. 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta in collaboration with the Institute for

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/economia.v19i1.58937

This study aims to determine the impact of assistance from the rice program for people experiencing poverty on food security for poor households. The data in this paper are sourced from the fourth (2007) and fifth (2014) Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS). A total of 1346 household samples were used in this study. The sample consisted of 401 treatment groups and 945 control groups. The treatment group is poor households that receive Raskin assistance, and the control group is poor households that do not receive Raskin assistance. The analysis used is Propensity Score Matching (PSM) with Difference in Difference (DiD). The study's results prove that the Rice for the Poor program has no significant impact on the proportion of household food expenditure. The interaction between the variables year (after) and treatment (Raskin) has no significant effect on the proportion of household food. The provision of the Raskin program in a longitudinal period has no impact on household per capita food expenditure.

PROFIT-AND-LOSS SHARING FINANCING, OPERATING EXPENSES, AND THE INTERMEDIATION COSTS OF ISLAMIC RURAL BANKS IN INDONESIA Robiatun NB, Fahmia; Susamto, Akhmad Akbar; Saleh, Samsubar
Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance Vol 10 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Bank Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21098/jimf.v10i2.1914

This paper examines the effect of profit-and-loss sharing financing (PLS financing) and operating expenses on the intermediation costs of Islamic rural banks in Indonesia. Using a panel dataset of 147 Islamic rural banks over the period 2011-2021 and dynamic panel regressions, it shows that, in general, PLS financing exerts no significant influence on the Islamic rural banks’ intermediation costs, as measured by the net margin. Meanwhile, the operating expenses are significantly and positively affecting the banks’ net margin, the result that is robust to different regression specifications. Accordingly, the initiatives to promote PLS financing will, at least, not necessarily have a detrimental effect on the net margin. Operating expenses matter more, underscoring the need for serious efforts to improve the effectiveness of Islamic local banks’ cost management.

Subsidized health insurance impact among the poor: Evidence on out-of-pocket health expenditures in Indonesia Sosodoro, Niken Larasati; Ramadhan, Rasi Tamadhika Fajar; Susamto, Akhmad Akbar
Jurnal Ekonomi & Studi Pembangunan Vol 24, No 1: April 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jesp.v24i1.17420

Universal Health Care (UHC) in Indonesia, named the National Health Insurance (Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional - JKN), has been running since 2014. JKN was predicted to be the most extensive UHC program in the world. Under JKN, the poor get free health services through the cashless method through a sub-program called Contribution Assistance Recipients (Penerima Bantuan Iuran - PBI). Unfortunately, JKN faced several failures to cover the program's expenditures within years. Within the current dynamics, was PBI, as part of JKN still effectively helping the poor? We examined the effectiveness of the PBI program by measuring differences in out-of-pocket health expenditures for the poor with similar socio-economic characteristics who used PBI and those who did not. We incorporated secondary data from National Socio-economic Survey (SUSENAS). The dataset was executed by using Propensity Score Matching (PSM) methodology. We used health expenditures and socio-economic parameters such as income, education, and gender from the 2017 and 2018 SUSENAS data. We found that in 2017, the total health expenditures of the PBI beneficiaries were lower than the non-beneficiaries. Nevertheless, by merging all two years' data, similar to 2018, we found general pattern that PBI participants' total health out-of-pocket payments were bigger than the non-participants. Health expenditures such as medicine, traditional practitioners, and others, were expenditure classifications in which PBI beneficiaries had lower expenses than non-beneficiaries in 2017. Therefore, Therefore, the UHC subsidy program for the poor in Indonesia has not only been ineffective through the years of implementation but also has not been effectively implemented for all variations of health expenditure types.

Pengaruh Persaingan Politik terhadap Anggaran Kesehatan: Studi Kasus pada Kabupaten dan Kota di Indonesia Runtiningsih, Sri; Susamto, Akhmad Akbar
Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

This study aims to analyze the effect of political competition on health budgets in Indonesia. The analysis was conducted using a fixed-effects panel data regression approach for Indonesia’s regencies and municipalities between 2009 and 2019. To obtain robust results, this study uses three different measures of political competition, namely the Multiparty Margin Index, the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI), and the Effective Number of Parties (ENP) Index. The estimation results show that only legislative political competition has a significant and consistent negative effect on the health budget, it is similar to the Leviathan Model theory.

Title

Found 13 Documents
Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title Search

Found 13 Documents Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title

Found 13 Documents
Search