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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Jurnal Matematika & Sains Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Han Roliadi
Member of Research and Development Center, Ministry of Forestry Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics

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 1 
Method to Calculate the Average Overal Value of Modulus Elasticity and Modulus of Rupture for Glulam I-Joist in Bending Effendi Tri Bahtiar; Naresworo Nugroho; Rentry Augusti N; Han Roliadi
Jurnal Matematika & Sains Vol 16, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

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Abstract

Abstract Glulam consists of laminaes and each laminae influences glulams strength. Transformed cross section (TCS) method is well known as a method to calculate the average overall value of Modulus of Elasticity (E) and Modulus of Rupture (SR) of layer system (e.g. glulam) based on its laminaes.  But, TCS does not follow the principal due to assumption that the material properties depend on its shape and size. Therefore, new calculation method is required.  This paper discusses the formulation of a new method to determine the E and SR of glulam.  E and SR calculated by TCS and new method give identical value. The new method applies the independencies of E and SR which could not be fulfilled by TCS.  According to this fact, TCS could be replaced by new method. The theoretical value as a result of TCS and the new method were verified by empirical test based on ASTM D198 two points loading bending test. The theoretical E value is higher than the empirical value, but it has high correlation (R2=68.53%). On the contrary, the theoretical SR value is not significant different with its empirical value, but it has poor correlation (R2=27.93%).  This condition is happened because of finger joint effect on the compression and tension side of the sample. By including finger joint effect into regression analysis, the equation results very good estimation.  The coefficient of determination is 99.58% and 97.19%, for E and SR respectively. Keywords: Glulam I-joist, Modulus of elasticity, Modulus of rupture, Transformed cross section (TCS), New method. Abstrak Glulam tersusun dari lamina-lamina dan setiap lamina  menyumbangkan pengaruh terhadap kekuatan glulam.  Transformed Cross Section (TCS) telah dikenal luas sebagai sebuah metode untuk menghitung nilai Modulus Elastisitas (E) dan Keteguhan Lentur Statis (SR) sistem lapisan termasuk glulam berdasarkan sifat-sifat lamina penyusunnya. Namun TCS tidak memenuhi prinsip asumsi keterkaitan antara sifat material dengan ukuran dan bentuknya. Oleh karena itu diperlukan suatu metode baru yang lebih konsisten terhadap prinsip independensi tersebut. Di dalam tulisan ini dibahas formulasi metode baru untuk memperkirakan E dan SR  glulam.  Perhitungan TCS dan metode baru memberikan nilai yang identik baik untuk E maupun SR, namun metode baru menunjukkan konsisten yang lebih baik terhadap independensi sifat material. Berdasarkan fakta tersebut maka TCS dapat digantikan oleh metode baru yang dibahas. Hasil perhitungan teoritis menggunakan TCS dan metode baru tersebut, selanjutnya diverifikasi empiris melalui pengujian lentur berdasar ASTM D198 dengan konfigurasi beban ganda. Nilai E teoritis lebih tinggi daripada hasil empirisnya, namun keduanya memiliki korelasi yang relatif tinggi (R2=68,53%). Sebaliknya, SR teoritis tidak berbeda nyata dibanding nilai empirisnya, namun korelasi keduanya rendah (R2=27.93%). Kondisi ini terjadi akibat pelemahan oleh keberadaan sambungan jari pada wilayah tarik ataupun tekan pada contoh uji. Dengan memasukkan pengaruh sambungan jari pada analisis regresi berganda, dapat diperoleh persamaan regresi yang cukup baik untuk menduga nilai E dan SR glulam. Nilai koefisien determinasinya adalah 99,58% untuk E, dan 97,19% untuk SR. Kata kunci: Glulam I-joist, Modulus elastisitas, Keteguhan lentur patah, Transformed cross section (TCS), Metode baru.
Campuran Pulp Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit dan Selulosa Mikrobial Nata de Cassava dalam Pembuatan Kertas Khaswar Syamsu; Liesbetini Haditjaroko; Gamma Irca Pradikta; Han Roliadi
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 19 No. 1 (2014): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

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Abstract

Nowadays, forest-extracted wood cellulose still predominantly serves as raw material for pulp and paper manufacture in Indonesia. Consequently, the deforestation rate has alarmingly increased. The purpose of this research is to study the use of mixed microbial cellulose pulp from nata de cassava and pulp from empty oil palm fruit bunch (EOPFB) for paper manufacture. In this research, pulp of nata de cassava’s microbial cellulose was mixed with EOPFB pulp at various proportions. Additives (i.e. 2% alum, 2.5% tapioca starch, and 5% kaolin) were added to such mixture. Sheet forming without additives was made as a control. Addition of microbial cellulose tends to increase the physical and strength properties of paper and decrease the capability to absorb water significantly. The mixture of pulp of empty oil palm fruit bunch and microbial cellulose from nata de cassava has a potency to substitute wood pulp for paper manufacture.
MENDUGA POTENSI PRODUKSI KAYU BULAT DARI HUTAN KALIMANTAN TIMUR MENGGUNAKAN METODE PENDUGAAN NISBAH DAN PENDUGAAN REGRESI Han Roliadi; Buharman Buharman
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 2, No 3 (1985): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3392.735 KB) | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1985.2.3.15-18

Abstract

For predicting   the roundwood   potential   in the  forest  region  of  East Kalimantan, roughly  two  kinds  of data are required.  These includes sample  data and population   data.  Sample  data collected are the area or size of several selected  forest region  and  the volume  of  the  corresponding   roundwood   production,    while population   data  include  the  total  forest  area of  East  Kalimantan.The prediction methods  applied are ratio estimate  and regression estimate. Using ratio estimate, the volume  of roundwood  production   potential  predicted was 8 093 575  cu.m  (7 032  723  to 9  154  427  cu.m).   On the other  hand,  with  the application of  regression  estimate, the  uolume  of  roundwood  production   potential   was 8 505  603  cu.m.   (7 889  057  to 9 122 149  cu.m.).Examination of  the  residuals indicated that  assumption of  normality of  data was satisfied
PENDUGAAN BESARNYA LIMBAH INDUSTRI PERKAYUAN DI KALIMANTAN SELATAN DAN KEMUNGKINAN PEMANFAATANNYA SEBAGAI SUMBER ENERGI Han Roliadi; Buharman Buharman
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 2, No 3 (1985): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3765.139 KB) | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1985.2.3.23-26

Abstract

The  volume  of  wood  waste from  sawmills and plywood mills in South  Kalimantan  was estimated  using the regression method. Data  were  collected   from sample mills  in the province.       Based on  the  regression analysis,  the estimated volume  of  sawmill waste generated by sawmills in South Kalimantan during the 1981 - 1982 period  was 684,353 m3 per year, and that of plywood mill was 221,818 m3 per year.       The total wood  waste could produced heat energy (fuel) as much as 12.29  x 1011k.cal/year, or 5.42 x 109 KWH per year  of  electric  energy.
MENDUGA POTENSI PRODUKSI KAYU BULAT DARI HUTAN KALIMANTAN TIMUR MENGGUNAKAN METODE PENDUGAAN NISBAH DAN PENDUGAAN REGRESI Han Roliadi; Buharman Buharman
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 2, No 3 (1985): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3392.735 KB) | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1985.2.3.15-18

Abstract

For predicting   the roundwood   potential   in the  forest  region  of  East Kalimantan, roughly  two  kinds  of data are required.  These includes sample  data and population   data.  Sample  data collected are the area or size of several selected  forest region  and  the volume  of  the  corresponding   roundwood   production,    while population   data  include  the  total  forest  area of  East  Kalimantan.The prediction methods  applied are ratio estimate  and regression estimate. Using ratio estimate, the volume  of roundwood  production   potential  predicted was 8 093 575  cu.m  (7 032  723  to 9  154  427  cu.m).   On the other  hand,  with  the application of  regression  estimate, the  uolume  of  roundwood  production   potential   was 8 505  603  cu.m.   (7 889  057  to 9 122 149  cu.m.).Examination of  the  residuals indicated that  assumption of  normality of  data was satisfied
PENDUGAAN BESARNYA LIMBAH INDUSTRI PERKAYUAN DI KALIMANTAN SELATAN DAN KEMUNGKINAN PEMANFAATANNYA SEBAGAI SUMBER ENERGI Han Roliadi; Buharman Buharman
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 2, No 3 (1985): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1985.2.3.23-26

Abstract

The  volume  of  wood  waste from  sawmills and plywood mills in South  Kalimantan  was estimated  using the regression method. Data  were  collected   from sample mills  in the province.       Based on  the  regression analysis,  the estimated volume  of  sawmill waste generated by sawmills in South Kalimantan during the 1981 - 1982 period  was 684,353 m3 per year, and that of plywood mill was 221,818 m3 per year.       The total wood  waste could produced heat energy (fuel) as much as 12.29  x 1011k.cal/year, or 5.42 x 109 KWH per year  of  electric  energy.
STUDI PERANAN FUNGI PELAPUK PUTIH DALAM PROSES BIODELIGNIFIKASI KAYU SENGON (Paraserianthes falcataria (L) Nielsen) Study on the Role of White Rot Fungi in Biodelignication of Sengon Wood (Paraserianthes falcataria (L) Nielsen) Rena M. Siagian; Han Roliadi; Sihati Suprapti; Sri Komarayati
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 1, No 1 (2003): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (202.814 KB) | DOI: 10.51850/jitkt.v1i1.329

Abstract

Pulp and paper mills utilizing wood materials in Indonesia mostly employ the sulphate (Kraft) process, due to its superiority. Yet it offers unfortunate weakness, among which is its contribution to the environmental pollution. Hence, it is necessary to develop appropriate technique but environmentally friendly to deal with the environmental concerns, such as biopulping process which incorporates fungi) activities to degrade lignin in wood. This experiment was mainly aimed at procuring particular fungi isolates able to do so effectively and maximally on the lignin in sengon wood (Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen), but minimally destroying the holocellulose.            The results revealed that the participation of fungi could significantly decrease lignin and extractive in sengon wood. The most substantial decrease in lignin brought about by three particular fungi isolates in decreasing order, i.e. HHB 252 (up to 20.22%), HHB 302 (20.45%) and Schizophyllum commune (21.48%). Meanwhile, the lowest decrease in holocellulose was due to the use of HHB 259 (up to 73.23%), followed by Schizophyllum commune (71.9%), and HHB 252 (71.82%).             To sum-up, the best-performance fungi in the biodelignification of sengon wood was HHB 252, followed by HHB 302 and Schizophyllum commune isolates. Those three fungi isolates decreased substantially the lignin content, but concurrently brought about minimum degradation on the holocellulose, as indicated by their respective ratio of lignin to holocellulose contents, i.e. 0.282, 0.289 and 0.299.
Pemanfaatan Kayu Manis (Cinnamomun burmanii) Berdiameter Kecil untuk Balok I-joist sebagai Bahan Konstruksi (Utilization of Small-Diameter Cinammon Logs for I-joist Beam as Construction Material) Abdurachman Abdurachman; Han Roliadi
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 8, No 2 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (192.583 KB) | DOI: 10.51850/jitkt.v8i2.221

Abstract

Wood-processing industries currently face the limitation of large-diameter wood logs, due to their scarce stocks from natural forests. Wood from plantation forests can deserve consideration as an alternative raw material for those industries. However, plantation-forest woods are usually of small-diameter sizes and lower qualities compared to those of natural forest woods. One solution to deal with those problems is the conversion of plantation-forest woods into the reconstituted wood products, which can be arranged to various desirable sizes, and more beneficial for construction and other purposes. Hereby, the manufacturing of reconstituted wood products, called I-joist beam was tried from small-diameter plantation forest wood species, i.e. cinnamon wood (Cinnamomum burmanii). The assembling used phenol-resorcinol-formaldehyde adhesive. Mechanical properties of the I-joist beam with vertical-gluing profiles between laminae in the web portion were lower than those of the corresponding small-sized defect-free solid wood, but higher than those of I-joist with horizontal-gluing profiles between laminae in the web as well as the horizontally laminated beam made-up of cinnamon wood-laminae. The angle between wood ray and gluing line (plane) correlated negatively with the strengths of I-joist beam. These results indicated the positive prospect of manufacturing I-joist beam from small-diameter cinnamon wood for construction material.
Co-Authors Abdurachman Abdurachman Buharman Buharman Effendi Tri Bahtiar Gamma Irca Pradikta Khaswar Syamsu Liesbetini Haditjaroko Naresworo Nugroho Rena M. Siagian Rentry Augusti N Sihati SUPRAPTI Sri Komarayati