Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

STUDI PERANAN FUNGI PELAPUK PUTIH DALAM PROSES BIODELIGNIFIKASI KAYU SENGON (Paraserianthes falcataria (L) Nielsen) Study on the Role of White Rot Fungi in Biodelignication of Sengon Wood (Paraserianthes falcataria (L) Nielsen) Rena M. Siagian; Han Roliadi; Sihati Suprapti; Sri Komarayati
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 1, No 1 (2003): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Pulp and paper mills utilizing wood materials in Indonesia mostly employ the sulphate (Kraft) process, due to its superiority. Yet it offers unfortunate weakness, among which is its contribution to the environmental pollution. Hence, it is necessary to develop appropriate technique but environmentally friendly to deal with the environmental concerns, such as biopulping process which incorporates fungi) activities to degrade lignin in wood. This experiment was mainly aimed at procuring particular fungi isolates able to do so effectively and maximally on the lignin in sengon wood (Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen), but minimally destroying the holocellulose. The results revealed that the participation of fungi could significantly decrease lignin and extractive in sengon wood. The most substantial decrease in lignin brought about by three particular fungi isolates in decreasing order, i.e. HHB 252 (up to 20.22%), HHB 302 (20.45%) and Schizophyllum commune (21.48%). Meanwhile, the lowest decrease in holocellulose was due to the use of HHB 259 (up to 73.23%), followed by Schizophyllum commune (71.9%), and HHB 252 (71.82%). To sum-up, the best-performance fungi in the biodelignification of sengon wood was HHB 252, followed by HHB 302 and Schizophyllum commune isolates. Those three fungi isolates decreased substantially the lignin content, but concurrently brought about minimum degradation on the holocellulose, as indicated by their respective ratio of lignin to holocellulose contents, i.e. 0.282, 0.289 and 0.299.

Kualitas Arang Kompos Limbah Industri Kertas dengan Variasi Penambahan Arang Serbuk Gergaji The qualities of Compost Charcoal Manufactured from Paper-mill Waste with Varying Addition of Charcoal Sawdust Sri Komarayati; Mustaghfirin Mustaghfirin; Kurnia Sofyan
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 5, No 2 (2007): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The development of paper and pulp industry cause waste handling problem. A kind of waste that needs serious attention is sludge. Sludge handling by burning causes air pollution problem, while land filling need much more infestations and areas. Therefore, composting believed as the most effective way to handle sludge. The objective of this research is to increase sludge product utility and to know quality of compost charcoal from sludge. The materials used are sludge from PT Indah Kiat Pulp and Paper Tangerang, Banten, saw dust, saw dust charcoal, and particular bio- activators called OrgaDec were used to stimulate the decomposition of those materials. The methods used are total carbon, nitrogen, phosphor (P2O5), kalium (K2O), magnesium (MgO), cation exchange capacity (CEC) and total Calcium (CaO). The best composting pH and temperature is treatment without charcoal addition. The treatment made pH and temperature goes down by charcoal addition. Analysis quality of compost charcoal show that charcoal addition will cause increasing of CEC and decreasing C/N ratio.

KOMBINASI PEMBERIAN ARANG HAYATI DAN CUKA KAYU TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN JABON DAN SENGON Sri Komarayati; Gustan Pari
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 32 No. 1 (2014): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2014.32.1.12-20

Biocharcoal is a specific charcoal that can store carbon in soil almost permanently, and be able to improve its humidity aswell as fertility. This paper observes the use of biocharcoal and wood vinegar to stimulate jabon and sengon seedlings.Biochar and wood vinegar were made of sawdust, charcoal, compost charcoal (a mixture of sawdust charcoal and compost)and wood vinegar (the condensed gas/vapor fractions that evolved during sawdust carbonization). Sawdust and compostcharcoals were mixed thoroughly and evenly with the top soil for jabon and sengons media. Wood vinegar in 2%concentration was then poured and sprayed onto the planted seedlings. Similar seedlings were also planted on the untreatedsoil media as a control. After five months seedlings growth characteristics (i.e. height and diameter) were observed andmeasured. Results show that in general, height and diameter of the seedlings planted in treated media are improved.Seedlings of Jabon are increased by 16.38 , 21.05 , and 62.74 times in height as well as 1.70 and 3.10 times in diameterthan those of control. Seedlings of Sengon are increased by 22.50, 21.10, 40.80 times in height as well as and 1.04 and1.03 in diameter than those of control.

PRODUKSI DAN APLIKASI ARANG KOMPOS BIOAKTIF DI LAHAN PERTANIAN SEBAGAI MODEL PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT Nur Adi Sapura; Gusmailina; Sri Komarayati; Gustan Pari
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 40 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2022.40.2.49%E2%80%9360

Community empowerment has been carried out at the Kumala Lestari Islamic boarding school, located in Sukaresmi Village,Cianjur Regency, Indonesia. The community was involved in the manufacture of bioactive compostable charcoal (ARKOBA) andits application in agricultural areas. The study was conducted through comparison of rice planting using chemical fertilizers-pesticidesand those with ARKOBA-liquid smoke. The yield amount was measured by paddy crop productivity per hectare after 4 monthperiod. The study was conducted by production of biochar from sawmill waste using a modified drum reactor. The reactor temperaturewas set into 400–450°C, while the retention time was set into 6 hours. The process produces charcoal and liquid smoke.ARKOBA production was carried out by mixing compost: charcoal: activator, with a composition of 85%: 10%: 5%. Meanwhile,the ARKOBA dose was set to 400 kg/1000m2. The result shows that the productivity of rice threated was higher than those ofchemical fertilizers. Rice productivity was recorded at 3.2 tons/ha against 2.98 tons/ha in the Ciranjang and 4 tons/ha comparedto 3.1 tons/ha in the Sukaresmi demonstration plot. Mixing ARKOBA and liquid smoke threatment provides a surplus ofaround 7.4–29% than chemical applications and becomes recommended technology for increasing rice productivity.

ANALISIS SENYAWA KIMIA Dryobalanops aromatica Gunawan Pasaribu; Gusmailina; Sri Komarayati; Zulnely; Erik Dahlian
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 32 No. 1 (2014): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2014.32.1.21-26

Dryobalanops aromatica is a woody plant that produces non timber forest product such oil and crystal. Thechemical composition information is important for oil utilization and specific marker of the material. Traditionally, oilquality was grouped based on its colour. The whiter the colour, the better the quality. This paper examines the chemicalcontent of four oil groups and two kinds of crystal. The examination was carried out in Gas Chromatography MassSpectrometry (GCMS). The results show that the oil of Dryobalanops aromatica 1 contains borneol up to 26.02%, D. aromatica 2 contains 13.95%, D. aromatica 3 contains 24.03%, and D. aromatica 4 contains 1.09% in longiborneol form. Meanwhile, crystal 1 contains 92.70% of borneol and crystal 2 contains 90.73%. Borneol compoundcan act as chemical marker of Dryobalanops aromatica.

PEMBUATAN BIOETANOL DARI EMPULUR DAN LIMBAH SERAT SAGU DENGAN METODE KIMIAWI DAN ENZIMATIS Ina Winarni; Totok K. Waluyo; Sri Komarayati
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 37 No. 1 (2019): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2019.37.1.43-50

Sago (Metroxylon spp.) is one of the native Indonesian plants that can be converted into biofuel or bioethanol. All parts of sago: starch, stem and midrib could be converted into bioethanol. The objective of this research is to determine ethanol production techniques made of pith and sago waste fiber using chemical and enzymatic methods. Bioethanol technique used was chemical based using hydrochloric acid solution (HCl) of 3.1; 6.2; 9.3 and 12.4% with substrate concentration of 15% (dw) and then heated by autoclave at 121–127 °C for 5, 10 and 15 minutes; pressure of 1–1.5 bar. The enzymatic method was undertaken using 0.15 ml alpha amylase enzyme and 2%, 3% and 4% cellulase. Fermentation was conducted using 0.21 g of urea addition, 0.12 g of NPK and 0.48 g of yeast for 4 days. Results showed that the pith yielded higher reducing sugar content and ethanol content than sago fiber waste either by chemical method (446.34 g/l, 51.65%) or enzymatic (15.39 g/l, 16.82%). Greater of cellulase concentration from 2% to 4% could not improve the yield of ethanol either made from pith or the wasted sago fiber through hydrolysis process.

KARAKTERISTIK DAN POTENSI PEMANFAATAN ASAP CAIR KAYU TREMA, NANI, MERBAU, MATOA, DAN KAYU MALAS Sri Komarayati; Gusmailina; Lisna Efiyanti
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 36 No. 3 (2018): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2018.36.3.219-238

Wood is potential biomass with various benefits such as is utilizing them for liquid smoke raw material. Consequently, research on liquid smoke by pyrolysis should be conducted intensively to gain necessary information on the active content and utilization of the liquid smoke. This research is aimed to determine characteristics and potential utilization of liquid smoke made from trema, nani, merbau, matoa and malas wood. Research was conducted by pyrolysis process at 500°C for 5 hours and the liquid smoke was collected in container for analyzes. Analysis of liquid smoke characteristics included pH, specific gravity, acetic acid, phenol and other chemical component content using py-GCMS. The result showed that the pH ranged from 2.68 to 4.34, specific gravity ranged from 0.83 to 1.04, acetate 0.65–13.09%, and phenol content 0.19–2.50%. GCMS analysis showed chemical component diversity and its main component as identity of specific liquid smoke from five wood species confirmed were acetic acid (acetic acid, ethylic acid), phenolic (phenol, 2,6-dimethoxy (CAS) 2,6-dimethoxyphenol), and carbamic acid. The chemical component of liquid smoke is expected to be applied in wide variety of products based on product’s perspective, objectives and product targets that would be achieved.

PEMBUATAN BIOETANOL SECARA ENZIMATIS DARI LIMBAH BATANG SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis) DENGAN PENAMBAHAN SURFAKTAN Ina Winarni; Sri Komarayati; T. Beuna Bardant
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 34 No. 2 (2016): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2016.34.2.127-135

Biomass is an alternative potential raw materials for biofuels or bioethanol production. This paper studies bioethanol production of theoil palm trunk waste. The trunk was divided intothree parts; parenchym(P),vascular bundle (VB) and the mixtureof parenchyma and vascular bundle (PVB). Results show that sugar content reduction of all treatments (using surfactant) before fermentation is higher than that without surfactant (control) at 10 and 15 FPU/g substrateof cellulase concentration. The highest ethanol content (1.63%) was recorded from parenchyma with 15 FPU/g substrate of cellulase concentration.

PEMBUATAN BIOETANOL DARI NIRA NIPAH DENGAN ALAT HASIL REKAYASA TIPE P3HH-1 Djeni Hendra; Sri Komarayati; Heru S. Wibisono
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 34 No. 1 (2016): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2016.34.1.1-10

High consumption of fossil fuel causes energy crisis since its reserve is decreasing. This fact stimulates many studies to find out alternative energy as fossil fuels substitute. Bioethanol is considered as one of the most important source of alternative energy extracted fromplants.This research is aimed to provide tool engineeringrequired in producing bioetanol from Nypa fruticanssap. The engineering is consisted of two reactors. The first reactor can be used for pasteurization, sacarification and fermentation. The important second reactor is used as a distillation unit. The tool engineering has important advantage by using SSF (Simultaneous Sacarification and Fermentation) technique. By using this technique, processof pasteurization and fermentation can be carried out in onereactor. However the low levelof bioethanol flow rate becomes the weaknessof this tool . Theyield of Nypa fruticanssap was about 13.5% and the bioethanol contentof 70-94.5% with an averageof 84.8%. The yield of bioethanol distillation can be improved through the dehidration process. Bioethanol content can be increased from 94.5%to 98.5% by the dehidration process.

KOMPONEN KIMIA ORGANIK LIMA JENIS ASAP CAIR Nur Adi Saputra; Sri Komarayati; Gusmailina
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 39 No. 1 (2021): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2021.39.1.39-54

Plants such as cacao (Theobroma cacao), avocado (Persea americana), puspa (Schima wallichii), sengon(Falcataria mollucana) and tarik angin (Usnea sp.) are widely planted in the community for fruit or wood needs.Periodically, they harvest these types of wood for common uses or plant rotation purposes. In general, wood sorting is usedfor simple construction or even conventionally burned. In addition to conventional combustion techniques to produce charcoal,there is another product that can be produced, namely liquid smoke - using a combustion technique by adding a condenserto produce liquid smoke. Liquid smoke contains organic chemicals with various benefits. This study investigates the organicchemical content of liquid smoke of cacao, avocado, puspa, sengon, and tarik angin wood. The five types of materialswere carbonized using a pyrolysis reactor around 400oC. Liquid smoke was obtained by condensing fumes mechanism.Analysis of organic liquid chemical using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometer (GCMS) Pirolisys Type QP2010and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). GCMS analysis showed that cacao liquid smoke has thehighest concentration of acidic group, of the 45.53%, where the concentration of acetic acid was 31.81%. The presence ofthe highest phenol group was in avocado liquid smoke as much as 56.86%, where the concentration of phenol compoundsreached 41.92%. The acid and phenol groups are type of compounds contained in liquid smoke and have a lot of benefits.

Title

Found 20 Documents
Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title Search

Found 20 Documents Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title

Found 20 Documents
Search