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Effect of methanol extracts of nony fruit on mice infected by RH strain of Toxoplasma gondii Didik T Subekti; Eka S.P Sari; Dwi R Widiastuti; Rica Haerlani; Eka Fitri Diani; Tolibin Iskandar; Dian R Laksmitawati
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 10, No 4 (2005): DECEMBER 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (230.196 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v10i4.457

Abstract

Intraperitoneal infection of Type I Toxoplasma gondii on mice causes high mortality at a short time due to parasitic burden, immunosuppression, cell and tissue damage. The mice survival is increased after treated with drugs that reduce or destroy tachyzoite and modulate or recovered the immune system. Nony fruit (Morinda citrifolia) is popular as immunomudulator and has antoxoplasma properties. The purpose of this experiment is to evaluate the effect of ethanol extract of nony fruit and Fansidar® (pyrimethamine-sulfadiazine) to reduce tachyzoite and improve survival as well as immunomudulator on mice following toxoplasma infection. Mice was divided into six groups (10 mice respectively) consist of infected-non treated groups, infected + Fansidar®, infected + ethanol extract of nony on several doses (100, 50, 25%) and non infected-non treated groups. All mice on each groups were infected intraperitoneally by 5 x 106 and 2,5 x 103 RH strain of Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoite/mice respectively. The results have shown that Fansidar® was successfully to reduced tachyzoite and improved mice survival but the ethanol extract of nony fruit was failed.     Key Words: Survivality, Immunomodulator, Toxoplasma gondii, Nony extracts
Cloning and Clone Analysis of GRA1 Gene from Local Isolate Toxoplasma gondii Tachyzoite Didik T Subekti; W.T Artama; E Sulistyaningsih; S.H Poerwanto; Y Sari; F Bagaskoro
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 13, No 1 (2008): MARCH 2008
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2765.962 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v13i1.594

Abstract

The GRA1 gene of Toxoplasma gondii encoding protein called GRA1 protein. GRA1 protein known to be immunogenic and essentialy involved in modification of parasitophorus vacoule which has role in immune evasion and virulency of organism. The local isolate of T. gondii is successfuly isolated and known as highly pathogenic isolate similarly as its RH strain. Unfortunately, the homology sequence of GRA1 gene between those isolate still unknown. The purpose of the research are to clone the GRA1 gene and to analyze the homology from pathogenic T. gondii isolate and RH strain. Tachyzoite of T. gondii was grown in mice peritoneum by intraperitoneal injection. Then, total mRNA was isolated and purified. cDNA was synthesized from mRNA and then amplified using F1 dan R1 primers to get clone of GRA1 from local isolate. Homology analysis was perform using several bioinformatic softwares. The result showed that cDNA of GRA1 from local isolate has 84% homologs with RH strain of T.gondii. However, when subsequently editing performed to parts of suspected non coding sequence of cDNA GRA1 to get CDS of GRA1, the homology was increase to 100% compare to CDS of GRA1 of RH strain. Key words: GRA1, Toxoplasma gondii, Clonning, Expression
Study of Antigenicity and Immunogenicity Gra1 Protein from Toxoplasma gondii Didik T Subekti
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 23, No 3 (2013): SEPTEMBER 2013
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (818.204 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v23i3.1001

Abstract

Toxoplasmosis is known as zoonotic disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii infection. This microorganism has ability to evade immune system by forming parasitophorus vacuole (PV) formed through the phagosome vacuole modification by secreting dense granule protein (GRA). Among GRAs protein, GRA1 was selected as candidate for vaccine development. However, it remains controvercial whether the protein has adequate antigenicity and strong immunogenicity which are suitable for vaccine candidate. Some researcher reported that DNA vaccine of GRA1 was able to induce cellular mediated immunity and proinflamatoric humoral immunity. In fact, another study demonstrated that GRA1 protein was only antigenic based on their molecular weight and bioinformatic analysis.The other studies also showed that GRA1 was considered as weak immunogen based on bioinformatic studies. The ability of GRA1 protein to stimulate immune responses, both humoral and cellular mediated immunity were seemly caused by adjuvant.   Key words: Toxoplasma gondii, GRA1, cellular mediated immunity, humoral immunity
Immunopathogenecity of Different Types of Toxoplasma Gondii Didik T Subekti; Nurfida K Arrasyid
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 16, No 3 (2006): SEPTEMBER 2006
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1814.654 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v16i3.856

Abstract

Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii . The disease was widely found in high prevalence around the world . Seroprevalence of human toxoplasmosis in Indonesia was 43 - 88% while toxoplasmosis in animals was reported 6 - 70%. In the past, clinically manifestation of toxoplasmosis only occurred in individu which has immunodeficient or immunosupression . Recently, more evident showed that individu which has immunocompetent was also able to develop clinical signs when infected by pathogenic T gondii (type I of T gondii) . In fact, the pathogenicity of T. gondii depends on the type or closet which originated from their clonal population . Each type has different implication on clinical immunopatho genesis . In this paper, the differences of biological character, immunopathogenicity and their clinical implication of T gondii clonal population structure are reviewed. Key words : Toxoplasma gondii, clonal population, immunopathogenecity
Parasitemia of Male White Mice (Mus musculus L.) DDY Strain Infected with Trypanosoma evansi Pidie and Pemalang Isolate Febiola Rama Sari; Yudha Fahrimal; Ummu Balqis; Didik T Subekti; Aprilia Wardana
Jurnal Medika Veterinaria Vol 8, No 2 (2014): J. Med. Vet.
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21157/j.med.vet..v8i2.3317

Abstract

This study aimed to find out the parasitemia of DDY white mice infected with T. evansi of Pidie and Pemalang isolates obtained from Bbalitvet Bogor. A total of 12 mice were divided into 3 treatment groups. Group 1 (K1) without any treatment, group 2 (K2) was inoculated with 104 T. evansi Pidie isolate, and group 3 (K3) was inoculated with 104 T. evansi Pemalang isolate. Parasitemia examination was carried out every two days and the level of parasitemia was observed as well. Parasitemia examination was conducted until all mice died. Parasitemia of mice infected with Pidie isolate was characterized by rapid rise of parasitemia in blood (107-108/mL of blood) in a short time (2-4 days) since first parasitemia was detected and followed by death at day 4. The parasitemia of mice infected with Pemalang isolate increased in the blood (108-109/mL of blood) on day 4 and maintained for a few more days and then fluctuated for a few more days before the animal was dead. In conclusion, there was the difference in parasitemia level between Pidie and Pemalang isolates. Key words: Trypanosoma evansi, parasitemia, Pidie isolate, Pemalang isolate