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Sintesa Surfaktan Ramah Lingkungan Metil Ester Sulfonat Dari Palm Oil Methyl Ester Dengan Variasi Kecepatan Pengadukan Dan Suhu Reaksi Rahmad Agung Yanuardhi; Nirwana Nirwana; Irdoni HS
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5 (2018): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2018
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Waste generated from surfactant LABS (Linear Alkylbenzene sulphonate) can be toxic to aquatic organisms, causing damage to ecosystems and groundwater that may havean impact on human life. Surfactants are surface active agent, which works to lower the surface tension of a liquid, active nature is derived from the dual nature of the molecule. Surfactants are molecules that have polar groups that like water(hydrophilic) and non-polar groups are like oil (lipophilic). Methyl Ester Sulfonate (MES) is one type of anionic surfactant which has advantages in terms of detergency, resistant to hardness, are renewable and environmentally friendly. Methyl EsterSulfonate produced by the process of sulfonation between Palm Oil Methyl Ester (POME) and sulfonating agent Sodium metabisulphite (Na2S2O5) with a catalyst of aluminum oxide (Al2O3). This research aims to create a methyl ester sulfonate withstirring speed variation and reaction temperature. Sulfonation process using Palm Oil Methyl Ester mole ratio of 1: 1.5 and sulfonating compounds with sodium metabisulfite variation stirring speed of 400, 450, 500 rpm and temperature variations of 80, 100,120 0C, with a reaction time of 4.5 hours. The results were obtained product category decrease in surface tension of water is a stirring speed of 400 rpm and a temperature of80 0C, with a decrease of 21 dyne / cm. for category decrease interfacial tension obtained the best product on the stirring speed of 450 rpm and a temperature of 100 0C, with a decrease of 5.80 dyne / cmKeyword : Anionic Surfactants, Methyl Ester, Methyl Ester Sulfonate, Sulfonation, Surfactant.

Transesterifikasi Minyak Limbah Ikan Patin Menggunakan Isopropanol Dengan Variasi Kecepatan Pengadukan Dan Perbandingan Molar Reaktan Fernando S Sihotang; Nirwana Nirwana; Irdoni HS
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Transesterification is a reaction between oil (tryglecerida) and alcohol, creating fatty acid alkyl ester and glycerol as it’s by products. Plastisizer is one of the commercial product of fatty acid alkyl ester. Plastisizer is an organic solvent with high boiling point. As a solid, its melting point is considerably low. Plasticizers from bio-oil production is still very limited, it is necessary to develop a bio-oil-based plasticizers. One of vegetable oils that can be used to produce plastisizer, and still has not been utilized optimally is waste cat fish oil. Plastisizer can be synthesized by transesterification using acid catalysts. Most of the transesterification reaction using homogeneous acid catalysts such as H2SO4, HNO3 and HCl are difficult to separate from product. Alternative catalysts that can be used for the transesterification reaction is natural zeolite catalyst which is easily separated from the heterogeneous reaction products. In this research, the synthesis of plasticizers by transesterification reaction used an activated natural zeolite catalysts to H-zeolite, with variations of stirring speed (150, 175 and 200 rpm) and the molar ratio of reactants (1:6, 1:9, and 1:12) , with a fixed variable was 60-65 0C reaction temperature, 6 hours reaction time, and 20% H-zeolite catalyst composition based by weight of waste catfish oil. The test results showed that the molar ratio and stirring speed affects the speed of the reaction to reach equilibrium reaction. The best operating conditions obtained by this research was the molar ratio of 1: 9, stirring speed 150 rpm, 20% catalyst composition and 6 hours reaction time, obtain conversion of 50,7% Product. Characteristics of plasticizers, which produced by this research meets the standards of commercial plasticizers, with 8,96 – 12,41 mPa s viscosity value (400C), 0,882 – 0,894 Specific Gravity (400C) and saponification number is 135, 41 – 161,75 mg KOH, Where, the standards which used by this research are 8,96 – 12,41 mPa s viscosity value (400C), 0,882 – 0,894 Specific Gravity (400C) and saponification number is 133 – 172 mg KOH.

Variasi Ukuran Partikel Sorgum Pada Konversi Pati Sorgum Menjadi Bioetanol Dengan Proses Sakarifikasi Dan Fermentasi Serentak David Hamonangan; Chairul Chairul; Irdoni HS
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Sorghum is a resource of grain yield 55-75% starch composition similar to corn, which is potentially as raw material for production of bioethanol. Research based sorghum bioethanol manufacture carried out using enzymes stargenTM 002 and starch raw materials. The purpose of this study was to determine the concentration of substrate and the best time of fermentation to produce bioethanol. The research method consists of hydrolysis and saccharification processes are aided by enzymes stargenTM 002 followed by a fermentation process using yeast Saccharomyces cereviceae, ferment at room temperature, pH 4.5, enzymes stargenTM 002 concentration 2.5% and evaporated at a temperature 1000C. substrate concentration used was 40 g/, variable particle size used was 20-40 mesh, 40-60 mesh and 60-80 mesh and time of fermentation pada 30, 36, 42, 48, 54, 60, 66 and 72 hours. The result indicate that the particle size at 60-80 mesh and the optimum time is 48 hours can produce the highest bioethanol concentration of 1.04% (v/v). Keyword: Bioethanol, Enzymes StargenTM 002, Fermentation, Sorghum, Substract Concentrations.

Karakteristik Bioplastik Dari Komposit Limbah Cair Tahu (WHEY) Dan Serat Daun Nanas (Ananas Comosus) Dengan Hidrokoloid Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) Inka Novela; Idral Amri; Irdoni HS
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5 (2018): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2018
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Bioplastics have different characteristics according to their raw materials. One of the raw materials that has the potential to be made into bioplastics is whey and pineapple fiber because it has high starch and cellulose content besides that it is easy to degrade. The general aim of this research are to study the impact of whey, pineapple leaf fiber and carboxymethyl cellulose in mechanical properties and morphology of bioplastic. The castingmethod in this research consist of whey, pineapple leaf fiber, and carboxymethyl cellulose with composisition of whey (10-50% v / v), composition of pineapple leaf fiber (1-3 gr), andcomposition of carboxymethyl cellulose (2.5-4.5% b / v). The analysis of bioplastic characterization are biodegradability, tensile strength, elongation, modulus young, tearstrength, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and hydrophobicity. The most react variable is the composition of pineapple leaf fiber followed by carboxymethyl cellulose and whey. Thebest process condition is found on bioplastic with composisition whey 30% v/v, pineapple leaf fiber 1 gr and carboxymethyl cellulose 3.5% b/v with the value is biodegradation time for 23days, tensile strength 15.85 MPa, elongation 18.24%, modulus young 86.9 MPa, tear strength strength 690.63 gf/mm and hydrophobicity 6.818%. Micrograf analysis shows thatfiller distribution is not equally on whey matrices and still has a clod.Keywords: bioplastic, cellulose, pineapple leaf fiber, whey

Sintesa Surfaktan Ramah Lingkungan Metil Ester Sulfonat Dari Palm Oil Methyl Ester Dengan Variasi Kecepatan Pengadukan Dan Suhu Reaksi Rahmad Agung Yanuardhi; Nirwana Nirwana; Irdoni HS
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5 (2018): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2018
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Waste generated from surfactant LABS (Linear Alkylbenzene sulphonate) can be toxic to aquatic organisms, causing damage to ecosystems and groundwater that may havean impact on human life. Surfactants are surface active agent, which works to lower the surface tension of a liquid, active nature is derived from the dual nature of the molecule. Surfactants are molecules that have polar groups that like water(hydrophilic) and non-polar groups are like oil (lipophilic). Methyl Ester Sulfonate (MES) is one type of anionic surfactant which has advantages in terms of detergency, resistant to hardness, are renewable and environmentally friendly. Methyl EsterSulfonate produced by the process of sulfonation between Palm Oil Methyl Ester (POME) and sulfonating agent Sodium metabisulphite (Na2S2O5) with a catalyst of aluminum oxide (Al2O3). This research aims to create a methyl ester sulfonate withstirring speed variation and reaction temperature. Sulfonation process using Palm Oil Methyl Ester mole ratio of 1: 1.5 and sulfonating compounds with sodium metabisulfite variation stirring speed of 400, 450, 500 rpm and temperature variations of 80, 100,120 0C, with a reaction time of 4.5 hours. The results were obtained product category decrease in surface tension of water is a stirring speed of 400 rpm and a temperature of80 0C, with a decrease of 21 dyne / cm. for category decrease interfacial tension obtained the best product on the stirring speed of 450 rpm and a temperature of 100 0C, with a decrease of 5.80 dyne / cmKeyword : Anionic Surfactants, Methyl Ester, Methyl Ester Sulfonate, Sulfonation, Surfactant.

Pengaruh Kadar Filler Kitosan Dan Plasticizer Gliserol Terhadap Sifat Dan Morfologi Bioplastik Berbasis Pati Sagu Ummy Aisyah Rochaeni; Irdoni HS; Bahruddin Bahruddin
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 4, No 2 (2017): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2017
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Bioplastic can be made from renewable materials like starch. Properties of sago starch based bioplastic is to be improved by addition of filler and plasticizer. The aim of this research is to know the effect of addition of chitosan filler and glycerol plasticizer to the properties of tensile strength, elongation at break, water absorption and biodegradation from sago starch. In this research with casting method of making bioplastic with starch 10 gr. Furthermore, variations of chitosan filler (2, 3 and 4%w/w), glycerol (3, 4 and 5 ml) and varieties of starch heating temperature (75, 80 and 85C). The bioplastics were characterized by tensile strength, elongation, water uptake, biodegradation, SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) and analyzed by using Design Expert v10.0.1. The most significant factor for all responses was the composition of chitosan filler followed by glycerol and temperature. On the best process conditions (chitosan filler 4.68% w/w at 80°C with 4 ml glycerol) was obtained the best response value for tensile strength 9.96 MPa, elongation 17.89%, water absorption 10.95% and biodegradation 40.02%.Keywords : bioplastic, chitosan, glycerol, mechanical properties, sago starch.

Pengaruh Pola Dan Jarak Elektroda Pada Proses Elektrokoagulasi Limbah Cair Industri Tahu Aditya Nugraha; Idral Amri; Irdoni HS
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5 (2018): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2018
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Tofu industry in Lirik produce 0.9 m3 liquid waste in a day, and immeditely disposed without processing. There are two parameters in liquid waste that exceed standard value in Permen LH No.5 2014, which is TSS and pH. Electrocoagulation method used to decrease TSS and increase pH of waste. By varying pattern and range of electrode, obtained results: (1) The best electrode pattern was 2 cathode – 2 anode with TSS removal efficiency was 75%, and increase pH from 3.9 to 6.8. (2) Range of electrode 1.5 and 2.0 cm resulted the greatest TSS removal efficiency were 75% and 76.39%, but in range 2.0 cm increase of pH was only up to 6.1, while in range 1.5 cm it increased to 6.8.Keywords : electrocoagulation, TSS , pH

Biosurfactant Production from Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853 with Carbon Source from Crude Palm Oil for Oil Recovery Amraini, Said Zul; Muria, Sri Rezeki; Bahruddin, Bahruddin; HS, Irdoni; Artha, Ulfa Dwi; Susanto, Reno
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 10 No 1 (2022): Edition for May 2022
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2022.10-sai

Biosurfactants are surfactants that are synthesized by microorganisms using organic materials and have biodegradable properties, making them environmentally friendly. One of the applications of biosurfactants in the recovery of petroleum. This study aims to determine the type of biosurfactant produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria using crude palm oil as the main carbon source, to determine the effect of variations in pH and CPO concentration on surface tension reduction and emulsification, and compare the best biosurfactant with surfactant synthesis. The production of biosurfactants has 3 stages, namely the bacterial preparation, the biosurfactant production, and the analysis in the form of surface tension, emulsification, crude oil removal, and FTIR. The best biosurfactant was obtained at pH 7 and a carbon source concentration of 3% v/v with surface tension and emulsification values of 42.49 mN/m and 58%, respectively. The pH value and CPO concentration can affect the growth in the biosurfactant production process, thus also affecting the surface tension and emulsification values. The biosurfactants obtained were rhamnolipid biosurfactants. The biosurfactants produced in this study have lower crude oil recovery capabilities than synthetic surfactants with crude oil removal values of 57.78% and 79.34%, respectively.

Prospek Limbah Sagu Sebagai Bahan Baku Pakan Ikan di Kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti, Riau Riza, Subkhan; Suharman, Indra; Putra, Iskandar; Adelina; Fatra, Warman; HS, Irdoni
IPTEKIN Jurnal Kebijakan Pembangunan dan Inovasi Vol. 1 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Daerah (BRIDA) Provinsi Riau

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Tingginya jumlah limbah sagu yang dihasilkan di sentra-sentra produksi sagu di kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti masih belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal dan banyak yang dibuang ke perairan sehingga dapat menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengurangi pencemaran lingkungan akibat dari limbah sagu yaitu dengan cara memanfaatkannya sebagai bahan baku alternatif dalam pembuatan pakan ikan. Tujuan dari kajian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi limbah sagu di kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti, membuat formulasi pakan ikan dengan bahan baku imbah sagu, dan melakukan uji pertumbuhan ikan menggunakan pakan campuran limbah sagu. Data primer diperoleh dari observasi di lapangan, analisis di laboratorium, dan pengujian pertumbuhan ikan. Produksi sagu di kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti sekitar 198,162 ton/tahun dengan limbah padat berupa ampas sagu sekitar 14% dari total produksi. Ampas sagu tersedia secara kontinyu sehingga memungkinkan untuk digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan pakan ikan. Hasil analisa proksimat ampas sagu dalam bobot kering menunjukkan bahwa kadar protein ampas sagu relatif rendah, berkisar 0.96 – 1.01%. Ampas sagu dapat menyediakan energi relatif tinggi dari karbohidrat dalam bentuk bahan ekstrak tanpa nitrogen (BETN) dengan kandungan berkisar 72.13 – 80.76%. Hasil ujicoba menunjukkan bahwa dengan menggunakan pakan dari ampas sagu, pertumbahan bobot ikan nila lebih besar yakni 26.5 g dibandingkan ikan lele dumbo hanya 1.2 g. Dengan demikian ampas sagu dapat dimanfaatkan untuk ikan herbivora dalam jumlah lebih banyak dibandingkan untuk ikan karnivora.

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